Olav Riste (11 April 1933 – 21 July 2015) was a Norwegian historian. He was born in Volda. He took his D.Phil. degree at the University of Oxford with a thesis on Norway's stance in the First World War entitled Norway's relations with belligerent powers in the First World War. A book based on the thesis called The Neutral Ally: Norway's relations with belligerent powers in the First World War was published in 1965. He served as director of the Norwegian Institute for Defence Studies from 1980 to 1996, then research director until his retirement. He was also an adjunct professor at the University of Bergen from 1980 and the University of Oslo from 1997. His research focus has been on international and national security, and military history. Riste edited the Scandinavian Journal of History