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Modal dispersion is a distortion mechanism occurring in multimode fibers and other waveguides, in which the signal is spread in time because the propagation velocity of the optical signal is not the same for all modes. Other names for this phenomenon include multimode distortion, multimode dispersion, modal distortion, intermodal distortion, intermodal dispersion, and intermodal delay distortion.

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  • Dispersión intermodal (es)
  • Dispersion intermodale (fr)
  • Modal dispersion (en)
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  • Dans un guide d'ondes, aussi bien en acoustique qu'en électromagnétisme, la dispersion intermodale est un phénomène correspondant à l'existence de différentes vitesses possibles pour la propagation des ondes. Il existe en effet fréquemment plusieurs modes dans un guide d'ondes, soit différentes solutions aux équations de propagation. La dispersion intermodale est à différencier de la dispersion chromatique qui est une distorsion qui résulte de la différence des vitesses de propagation des longueurs d'onde. La dispersion intermodale se produit avec une source idéale monochromatique. (fr)
  • La dispersión intermodal, también conocida como distorsión modal es la distorsión que se presenta en una señal al transmitida por fibras ópticas multimodo debido a que cada modo llega a un tiempo diferente. El retraso de los modos se produce porque se inyectan a distintos ángulos en la fibra óptica. Los modos que penetran a ángulos más bajos recorren una trayectoria más corta y tardan menos en llegar, generándose un pulso ensanchado y deformado con respecto al original. La dispersión intermodal tiene como efecto una reducción del ancho de banda. Es posible reducir el efecto con el uso de fibras multimodo de índice graduado, que aumentan la velocidad de propagación de los modos más retrasados o con fibras ópticas monomodo de índice escalonado.​ (es)
  • Modal dispersion is a distortion mechanism occurring in multimode fibers and other waveguides, in which the signal is spread in time because the propagation velocity of the optical signal is not the same for all modes. Other names for this phenomenon include multimode distortion, multimode dispersion, modal distortion, intermodal distortion, intermodal dispersion, and intermodal delay distortion. (en)
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  • Dans un guide d'ondes, aussi bien en acoustique qu'en électromagnétisme, la dispersion intermodale est un phénomène correspondant à l'existence de différentes vitesses possibles pour la propagation des ondes. Il existe en effet fréquemment plusieurs modes dans un guide d'ondes, soit différentes solutions aux équations de propagation. La dispersion intermodale est à différencier de la dispersion chromatique qui est une distorsion qui résulte de la différence des vitesses de propagation des longueurs d'onde. La dispersion intermodale se produit avec une source idéale monochromatique. (fr)
  • Modal dispersion is a distortion mechanism occurring in multimode fibers and other waveguides, in which the signal is spread in time because the propagation velocity of the optical signal is not the same for all modes. Other names for this phenomenon include multimode distortion, multimode dispersion, modal distortion, intermodal distortion, intermodal dispersion, and intermodal delay distortion. In the ray optics analogy, modal dispersion in a step-index optical fiber may be compared to multipath propagation of a radio signal. Rays of light enter the fiber with different angles to the fiber axis, up to the fiber's acceptance angle. Rays that enter with a shallower angle travel by a more direct path, and arrive sooner than rays that enter at a steeper angle (which reflect many more times off the boundaries of the core as they travel the length of the fiber). The arrival of different components of the signal at different times distorts the shape. Modal dispersion limits the bandwidth of multimode fibers. For example, a typical step-index fiber with a 50 μm core would be limited to approximately 20 MHz for a one kilometer length, in other words, a bandwidth of 20 MHz·km. Modal dispersion may be considerably reduced, but never completely eliminated, by the use of a core having a graded refractive index profile. However, multimode graded-index fibers having bandwidths exceeding 3.5 GHz·km at 850 nm are now commonly manufactured for use in 10 Gbit/s data links. Modal dispersion should not be confused with chromatic dispersion, a distortion that results due to the differences in propagation velocity of different wavelengths of light. Modal dispersion occurs even with an ideal, monochromatic light source. A special case of modal dispersion is polarization mode dispersion (PMD), a fiber dispersion phenomenon usually associated with single-mode fibers. PMD results when two modes that normally travel at the same speed due to fiber core geometric and stress symmetry (for example, two orthogonal polarizations in a waveguide of circular or square cross-section), travel at different speeds due to random imperfections that break the symmetry. (en)
  • La dispersión intermodal, también conocida como distorsión modal es la distorsión que se presenta en una señal al transmitida por fibras ópticas multimodo debido a que cada modo llega a un tiempo diferente. El retraso de los modos se produce porque se inyectan a distintos ángulos en la fibra óptica. Los modos que penetran a ángulos más bajos recorren una trayectoria más corta y tardan menos en llegar, generándose un pulso ensanchado y deformado con respecto al original. La dispersión intermodal tiene como efecto una reducción del ancho de banda. Es posible reducir el efecto con el uso de fibras multimodo de índice graduado, que aumentan la velocidad de propagación de los modos más retrasados o con fibras ópticas monomodo de índice escalonado.​ (es)
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