In neurobiology, the length constant (λ) is a mathematical constant used to quantify the distance that a graded electric potential will travel along a neurite via passive electrical conduction. The greater the value of the length constant, the farther the potential will travel. A large length constant can contribute to spatial summation—the electrical addition of one potential with potentials from adjacent areas of the cell. The length constant can be defined as: The length constant is used to describe the rise of potential difference across the membrane The fall of voltage can be expressed as:
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| - Length constant (en)
- 길이상수 (ko)
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| - 길이상수(Length constant, 그리스 소문자 로 표기한다)는 신경생물학에서 사용되는 상수이다. 뉴런의 활동전위에서 는 로 나타내어진다. 이때 은 막 사이의 저항, 는 막 내부의 저항이고 는 막 외부의 저항이다. 길이상수는 전류가 막 내부를 통과할 때 생기는 활동전위 변화를 나타낼 때 사용된다. 활동전위의 감소는 로 나타내어진다. 이 때 는 만큼 떨어진 지역에서의 전압, 는 처음의 전압, 는 떨어진 거리를 나타낸다. (ko)
- In neurobiology, the length constant (λ) is a mathematical constant used to quantify the distance that a graded electric potential will travel along a neurite via passive electrical conduction. The greater the value of the length constant, the farther the potential will travel. A large length constant can contribute to spatial summation—the electrical addition of one potential with potentials from adjacent areas of the cell. The length constant can be defined as: The length constant is used to describe the rise of potential difference across the membrane The fall of voltage can be expressed as: (en)
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| - In neurobiology, the length constant (λ) is a mathematical constant used to quantify the distance that a graded electric potential will travel along a neurite via passive electrical conduction. The greater the value of the length constant, the farther the potential will travel. A large length constant can contribute to spatial summation—the electrical addition of one potential with potentials from adjacent areas of the cell. The length constant can be defined as: where rm is the membrane resistance (the force that impedes the flow of electric current from the outside of the membrane to the inside, and vice versa), ri is the axial resistance (the force that impedes current flow through the axoplasm, parallel to the membrane), and ro is the extracellular resistance (the force that impedes current flow through the extracellular fluid, parallel to the membrane). In calculation, the effects of ro are negligible, so the equation is typically expressed as: The membrane resistance is a function of the number of open ion channels, and the axial resistance is generally a function of the diameter of the axon. The greater the number of open channels, the lower the rm. The greater the diameter of the axon, the lower the ri. The length constant is used to describe the rise of potential difference across the membrane The fall of voltage can be expressed as: Where voltage, V, is measured in millivolts, x is distance from the start of the potential (in millimeters), and λ is the length constant (in millimeters). Vmax is defined as the maximum voltage attained in the action potential, where: where rm is the resistance across the membrane and I is the current flow. Setting for x = λ for the rise of voltage sets V(x) equal to .63 Vmax. This means that the length constant is the distance at which 63% of Vmax has been reached during the rise of voltage. Setting for x = λ for the fall of voltage sets V(x) equal to .37 Vmax, meaning that the length constant is the distance at which 37% of Vmax has been reached during the fall of voltage. (en)
- 길이상수(Length constant, 그리스 소문자 로 표기한다)는 신경생물학에서 사용되는 상수이다. 뉴런의 활동전위에서 는 로 나타내어진다. 이때 은 막 사이의 저항, 는 막 내부의 저항이고 는 막 외부의 저항이다. 길이상수는 전류가 막 내부를 통과할 때 생기는 활동전위 변화를 나타낼 때 사용된다. 활동전위의 감소는 로 나타내어진다. 이 때 는 만큼 떨어진 지역에서의 전압, 는 처음의 전압, 는 떨어진 거리를 나타낸다. (ko)
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