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The kende (or kündü) was one of the kings of the dual-monarchy of the early Hungarians along with the gyula or war-chief. The function of the kende is believed to have been a religious one ("sacral prince"). At the time of the Magyar migration to Pannonia, the kende was named Kurszán. Upon Kurszán's death in a raid in approximately 904 CE, the office was taken up by the gyula Árpád, creating a single-head monarchy for Hungary. Though there are some scholars (for example Gyula Kristó) who believe that Árpád was the kende, who later took up the functions of the gyula.

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  • Kende (en)
  • Kende (Titel) (de)
  • Kende (fr)
  • Kende (titolo) (it)
  • 켄데 (ko)
  • Kende (nl)
  • Кенде (титул) (ru)
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  • Kende, auch Kündü, Titel des Sakralkönigs der Magyaren im 9. Jahrhundert. Die Bezeichnung leitet sich vom chasarischen kndr khagan ab, dem nach dem khagan (Großfürst) und dem khagan bh (Beg) dritthöchsten Oberhaupt der nomadisch lebenden Chasaren. Von ihnen übernahmen die Magyaren, die über Jahrhunderte Teil des zentralasiatischen Chasaren-Reichs waren, die Doppelspitze eines sakralen bzw. zeremoniellen (kende) und eines militärischen Anführers (gyula).Bekanntester Kende ist Kursan aus der Zeit der ungarischen Landnahme um 895. (de)
  • Le kende ([ˈkɛndɛ]) ou kündü était une fonction au sein du système tribal des premiers Magyars. Les tribus étaient dirigées par un pouvoir bicéphale, dans lequel le kende était considéré comme un chef religieux, par opposition au gyula, chef militaire. Lors de l'Honfoglalás, la fonction de kende est occupée par . Après sa mort lors d'un raid en 907, le gyula Árpád instaure un nouveau système monocéphale, à l'origine du système monarchique du futur royaume de Hongrie. * Portail de la Hongrie * Portail du haut Moyen Âge (fr)
  • 켄데(헝가리어: kende) 또는 퀸뒤(헝가리어: kündü)는 머저르인의 초기 군주 칭호다. 머저르 부족연맹은 켄데와 줄러라는 두 명의 지도자를 두는 이두군주정체였다. 이 중 줄러는 전쟁을 담당하는 군장(軍長)이었고, 켄데는 종교적인 역할을 담당한 것으로 보인다. 머저르인이 판노니아로 이주해왔을 당시 켄데의 이름은 쿠르산이었다. 쿠르산이 904년경 죽자 줄러 아르파드가 켄데직을 먹음으로써 머저르인들은 단일군주를 모시게 되었다. 다만 일부 학자들( 등)은 아르파드가 원래 켄데였고, 줄러의 역할을 나중에 흡수하게 되었다고 생각한다. 일부 학자들은 머저르인들이 하자르 카간국의 봉신이었기 때문에 이중군주제도 그들에게서 배운 것이라고 추측한다. (ko)
  • Kende (ook wel Kündü) was een koningstitel van het Hongaarse volk in de vroege middeleeuwen. Samen met de Gyula vormde de Kende een duo-koningschap (diarchie). (nl)
  • Кенде, кюндю — титул венгерского вождя федерации венгерских племён в IX—X веках. Упоминается впервые в письменных источниках в книге восточного учёного-энциклопедиста конца IX — первой трети Х века Ибн Русте «Китаб ал-алак ан-нафиса» («Книга драгоценных ожерелий»): «Мадьяры — это тюркское племя. Глава их выступает в поход с 20 000 всадников и называется кенде. Это титул царя их». Связан с титулом кюндю/кюндя — князь или вождь у тюрок в эпоху I и II Великих Каганатов, с восточно-тюркским культом божественного Кузнеца. (ru)
  • The kende (or kündü) was one of the kings of the dual-monarchy of the early Hungarians along with the gyula or war-chief. The function of the kende is believed to have been a religious one ("sacral prince"). At the time of the Magyar migration to Pannonia, the kende was named Kurszán. Upon Kurszán's death in a raid in approximately 904 CE, the office was taken up by the gyula Árpád, creating a single-head monarchy for Hungary. Though there are some scholars (for example Gyula Kristó) who believe that Árpád was the kende, who later took up the functions of the gyula. (en)
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  • Kende, auch Kündü, Titel des Sakralkönigs der Magyaren im 9. Jahrhundert. Die Bezeichnung leitet sich vom chasarischen kndr khagan ab, dem nach dem khagan (Großfürst) und dem khagan bh (Beg) dritthöchsten Oberhaupt der nomadisch lebenden Chasaren. Von ihnen übernahmen die Magyaren, die über Jahrhunderte Teil des zentralasiatischen Chasaren-Reichs waren, die Doppelspitze eines sakralen bzw. zeremoniellen (kende) und eines militärischen Anführers (gyula).Bekanntester Kende ist Kursan aus der Zeit der ungarischen Landnahme um 895. (de)
  • The kende (or kündü) was one of the kings of the dual-monarchy of the early Hungarians along with the gyula or war-chief. The function of the kende is believed to have been a religious one ("sacral prince"). At the time of the Magyar migration to Pannonia, the kende was named Kurszán. Upon Kurszán's death in a raid in approximately 904 CE, the office was taken up by the gyula Árpád, creating a single-head monarchy for Hungary. Though there are some scholars (for example Gyula Kristó) who believe that Árpád was the kende, who later took up the functions of the gyula. Some scholars have speculated that the early Magyar dual kingship derived from their time as vassals of the Khazars. Indeed, the Khazars were described by Ahmad ibn Fadlan as having an officer titled Kündür which may have been either identical to, a model for, or the forerunner of the office of kende. (en)
  • Le kende ([ˈkɛndɛ]) ou kündü était une fonction au sein du système tribal des premiers Magyars. Les tribus étaient dirigées par un pouvoir bicéphale, dans lequel le kende était considéré comme un chef religieux, par opposition au gyula, chef militaire. Lors de l'Honfoglalás, la fonction de kende est occupée par . Après sa mort lors d'un raid en 907, le gyula Árpád instaure un nouveau système monocéphale, à l'origine du système monarchique du futur royaume de Hongrie. * Portail de la Hongrie * Portail du haut Moyen Âge (fr)
  • 켄데(헝가리어: kende) 또는 퀸뒤(헝가리어: kündü)는 머저르인의 초기 군주 칭호다. 머저르 부족연맹은 켄데와 줄러라는 두 명의 지도자를 두는 이두군주정체였다. 이 중 줄러는 전쟁을 담당하는 군장(軍長)이었고, 켄데는 종교적인 역할을 담당한 것으로 보인다. 머저르인이 판노니아로 이주해왔을 당시 켄데의 이름은 쿠르산이었다. 쿠르산이 904년경 죽자 줄러 아르파드가 켄데직을 먹음으로써 머저르인들은 단일군주를 모시게 되었다. 다만 일부 학자들( 등)은 아르파드가 원래 켄데였고, 줄러의 역할을 나중에 흡수하게 되었다고 생각한다. 일부 학자들은 머저르인들이 하자르 카간국의 봉신이었기 때문에 이중군주제도 그들에게서 배운 것이라고 추측한다. (ko)
  • Kende (ook wel Kündü) was een koningstitel van het Hongaarse volk in de vroege middeleeuwen. Samen met de Gyula vormde de Kende een duo-koningschap (diarchie). (nl)
  • Кенде, кюндю — титул венгерского вождя федерации венгерских племён в IX—X веках. Упоминается впервые в письменных источниках в книге восточного учёного-энциклопедиста конца IX — первой трети Х века Ибн Русте «Китаб ал-алак ан-нафиса» («Книга драгоценных ожерелий»): «Мадьяры — это тюркское племя. Глава их выступает в поход с 20 000 всадников и называется кенде. Это титул царя их». Связан с титулом кюндю/кюндя — князь или вождь у тюрок в эпоху I и II Великих Каганатов, с восточно-тюркским культом божественного Кузнеца. (ru)
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