Holonema is an extinct genus of relatively large, barrel-shaped arthrodire placoderms that were found in oceans throughout the world from the Mid to Late Devonian, when the last species perished in the Frasnian-Fammian extinction event. Most species of the genus are known from fragments of their armor, but the Gogo Reef species, H. westolli, is known from whole, articulated specimens. According to these specimens, species of Holonema lived by grazing on stony, horn-shaped, stromatolite-like algae called , apparently by snipping off the points with a specialized snout.
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| - Holonema is an extinct genus of relatively large, barrel-shaped arthrodire placoderms that were found in oceans throughout the world from the Mid to Late Devonian, when the last species perished in the Frasnian-Fammian extinction event. Most species of the genus are known from fragments of their armor, but the Gogo Reef species, H. westolli, is known from whole, articulated specimens. According to these specimens, species of Holonema lived by grazing on stony, horn-shaped, stromatolite-like algae called , apparently by snipping off the points with a specialized snout. (en)
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fossil range
| - Givetian to Frasnian (en)
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subdivision
| - * H. rugosum
* H. arcticum (Marik-Kurik, 1975)
* H. bruehni (Markus, 1998)
* H. harmae (Mark, 1953)
* H. farrowi (Stevens, 1964)
* H. obrutshevi (Mark, 1953)
* H. ornatum (Traquair, 1903)
* H. haiti (Denison, 1968)
* H. radiatum (Obruchev, 1932)
* H. westolli (Miles, 1971) (en)
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synonyms
| - * Pterichthys rugosus (Claypole, 1883)
* ?Glyptaspis eastmanni (Swartz, 1913)
* Holonema horridum (Cope, 1892)
* Holonema rohoni (nomen nudum Obruchev 1931) (en)
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| - Holonema is an extinct genus of relatively large, barrel-shaped arthrodire placoderms that were found in oceans throughout the world from the Mid to Late Devonian, when the last species perished in the Frasnian-Fammian extinction event. Most species of the genus are known from fragments of their armor, but the Gogo Reef species, H. westolli, is known from whole, articulated specimens. According to these specimens, species of Holonema lived by grazing on stony, horn-shaped, stromatolite-like algae called , apparently by snipping off the points with a specialized snout. (en)
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