Betty Jane Southard Murphy (March 1, 1933 – October 16, 2010) was an American attorney who was the first woman to serve on the National Labor Relations Board, serving as the agency's eighth chair from 1975 to 1977. She was also the first woman to lead the United States Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division, and co-founded the National Women's Political Caucus and the Republican National Lawyers Association.