"American shot" or "cowboy shot" is a translation of a phrase from French film criticism, plan américain, and refers to a medium-long ("knee") film shot of a group of characters, who are arranged so that all are visible to the camera. The usual arrangement is for the actors to stand in an irregular line from one side of the screen to the other, with the actors at the end coming forward a little and standing more in profile than the others. The purpose of the composition is to allow complex dialogue scenes to be played out without changes in camera position. In some literature, this is simply referred to as a 3/4 shot.
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| - American shot (en)
- Plan américain (fr)
- Plan amerykański (pl)
- Plano americano (pt)
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| - Le plan américain est une manière de cadrer un personnage ou un groupe de personnages à mi-cuisse, au cinéma comme en photographie. Il est parfois appelé plan trois-quarts, notamment en photographie, comme le manteau « trois-quarts », qui couvre jusqu'à la même hauteur. (fr)
- Plan amerykański (ang. American shot) – rodzaj planu filmowego polegający na pokazaniu postaci ludzkiej od wysokości nieco powyżej kolan do miejsca tuż nad głową. Używany głównie do filmowania rozmawiających osób. Podobnie jak plan pełny pokazuje relacje między osobami, obejmując gesty i mimikę. Pozwala też na uchwycenie realiów otoczenia. Jest zgodny z tym, w jaki sposób ludzie normalnie postrzegają rozmawiające osoby. W okresie filmu niemego stosowany był rzadko, popularność zdobył po . (pl)
- Plano americano é um posicionamento de câmera muito utilizado no cinema e vídeo. Enquadra a personagem dos joelhos para cima. Facilita a visualização da movimentação e reconhecimento das personagens. O plano americano foi inventado por David W.Griffith, que chegou à conclusão de que a distância da câmera ao personagem usada na época - câmera estática filmando o ator inteiro, como se fosse um teatro - exigia da pessoa sendo filmada uma atuação muito dramática para que pudesse ser vista e entendida por todos. Inventou assim esse plano que se aproximava mais da pessoa, mostrando melhor e mais naturalmente sua expressão. Este plano surge nos Estados unidos, muito utilizado nos filmes western para mostrar as armas dos Cowboys. (pt)
- "American shot" or "cowboy shot" is a translation of a phrase from French film criticism, plan américain, and refers to a medium-long ("knee") film shot of a group of characters, who are arranged so that all are visible to the camera. The usual arrangement is for the actors to stand in an irregular line from one side of the screen to the other, with the actors at the end coming forward a little and standing more in profile than the others. The purpose of the composition is to allow complex dialogue scenes to be played out without changes in camera position. In some literature, this is simply referred to as a 3/4 shot. (en)
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| - "American shot" or "cowboy shot" is a translation of a phrase from French film criticism, plan américain, and refers to a medium-long ("knee") film shot of a group of characters, who are arranged so that all are visible to the camera. The usual arrangement is for the actors to stand in an irregular line from one side of the screen to the other, with the actors at the end coming forward a little and standing more in profile than the others. The purpose of the composition is to allow complex dialogue scenes to be played out without changes in camera position. In some literature, this is simply referred to as a 3/4 shot. One of the other main reasons why French critics called it "American shot" was its frequent use in the western genre. This was because a shot that started at knee level would reveal the weapon of a cowboy, usually holstered at their waist. It is actually the closest the camera can get to an actor while keeping both their face and their holstered gun in frame. The French critics thought it was characteristic of American films of the 1930s or 1940s; however, it was mostly characteristic of cheaper American movies, such as Charlie Chan mysteries where people collected in front of a fireplace or at the foot of the stairs in order to explain what happened a few minutes ago. Howard Hawks legitimized this style in his films, allowing characters to act, even when not talking, when most of the audience would not be paying attention. It became his trademark style. (en)
- Le plan américain est une manière de cadrer un personnage ou un groupe de personnages à mi-cuisse, au cinéma comme en photographie. Il est parfois appelé plan trois-quarts, notamment en photographie, comme le manteau « trois-quarts », qui couvre jusqu'à la même hauteur. (fr)
- Plan amerykański (ang. American shot) – rodzaj planu filmowego polegający na pokazaniu postaci ludzkiej od wysokości nieco powyżej kolan do miejsca tuż nad głową. Używany głównie do filmowania rozmawiających osób. Podobnie jak plan pełny pokazuje relacje między osobami, obejmując gesty i mimikę. Pozwala też na uchwycenie realiów otoczenia. Jest zgodny z tym, w jaki sposób ludzie normalnie postrzegają rozmawiające osoby. W okresie filmu niemego stosowany był rzadko, popularność zdobył po . (pl)
- Plano americano é um posicionamento de câmera muito utilizado no cinema e vídeo. Enquadra a personagem dos joelhos para cima. Facilita a visualização da movimentação e reconhecimento das personagens. O plano americano foi inventado por David W.Griffith, que chegou à conclusão de que a distância da câmera ao personagem usada na época - câmera estática filmando o ator inteiro, como se fosse um teatro - exigia da pessoa sendo filmada uma atuação muito dramática para que pudesse ser vista e entendida por todos. Inventou assim esse plano que se aproximava mais da pessoa, mostrando melhor e mais naturalmente sua expressão. Este plano surge nos Estados unidos, muito utilizado nos filmes western para mostrar as armas dos Cowboys. (pt)
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