@prefix rdf: . @prefix dbr: . @prefix yago: . dbr:Vitamin_A rdf:type yago:Activity100407535 , yago:PhysicalEntity100001930 , yago:Phytochemical114983143 , yago:Antioxidant114724645 , yago:Inhibitor114724436 , yago:WikicatAnti-acnePreparations , yago:Matter100020827 , yago:PsychologicalFeature100023100 , yago:YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity , yago:Pigment114989820 , yago:Abstraction100002137 , yago:WikicatCarotenoids . @prefix owl: . dbr:Vitamin_A rdf:type owl:Thing , yago:Event100029378 , yago:Substance100019613 , yago:Substance100020090 . @prefix dbo: . dbr:Vitamin_A rdf:type dbo:ChemicalSubstance , yago:Preparation101143040 . @prefix ns5: . dbr:Vitamin_A rdf:type ns5:ChemicalObject , yago:Chemical114806838 , yago:Carotenoid114720962 , yago:ColoringMaterial114984973 , yago:Relation100031921 , yago:Part113809207 . @prefix wikidata: . dbr:Vitamin_A rdf:type wikidata:Q8386 , yago:Act100030358 , dbo:Band , dbo:Drug , yago:Material114580897 . @prefix rdfs: . dbr:Vitamin_A rdfs:label "Witamina A"@pl , "Vitamine A"@fr , "Vitamin A"@de , "Vitamino A"@eo , "\u0412\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0456\u043D A"@uk , "Vitamina A"@pt , "Vitamin A"@in , "Vitamine A"@nl , "\u0641\u064A\u062A\u0627\u0645\u064A\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0641"@ar , "\uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A"@ko , "\u7DAD\u751F\u7D20A"@zh , "\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A"@ja , "A bitamina"@eu , "\u0392\u03B9\u03C4\u03B1\u03BC\u03AF\u03BD\u03B7 \u0391"@el , "Vitamin A"@en , "Vitam\u00EDn A"@cs , "Vitamina A"@es , "\u0412\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043D A"@ru , "Vitamina A"@ca ; rdfs:comment "\u0641\u064A\u062A\u0627\u0645\u064A\u0646 \u0623 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064A\u062A\u064A\u0646\u0648\u0644 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Vitamin A)\u200F \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062A \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062F\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0627\u0628\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0644\u0648\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0644\u0648\u064A (\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u062A\u0635\u0628\u062D \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u062A\u0647 \u062E\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u062C\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0645\u0627\u063A\u060C \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0636\u0644\u0629\u060C \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u062A\u064A\u0646\u060C \u0627\u0644\u062E.). \u064A\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062F \u0641\u064A\u062A\u0627\u0645\u064A\u0646 \u0623 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062A\u0646\u0638\u064A\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u064A\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062F \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0623\u064E\u0648 \u0635\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062A \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062A\u0627\u062C \u062E\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u062D\u0637\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062A\u064A\u0631\u064A\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064A\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u064A\u062A\u0627\u0645\u064A\u0646 \u0623 \u0623\u064A\u0636\u0627 \u062A\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0647\u064A \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062E\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060C \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062D\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062A \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644."@ar , "La vitamina A \u00E9s un grup de components org\u00E0nics nutricionals no saturats, que inclouen retinol, retinal, \u00E0cid retinoic, i diversos carotenoides de provitamines A (especialment, el beta-carot\u00E8). La vitamina A t\u00E9 diverses funcions: \u00E9s important pel creixement i desenvolupament, pel manteniment del sistema immunitari i per la vista. La vitamina A \u00E9s necess\u00E0ria per a la retina de l'ull on es combina amb la prote\u00EFna opsina per formar rodopsina, la mol\u00E8cula lleugerament absorbent necess\u00E0ria per a la visi\u00F3 escot\u00F2pica i del color. La vitamina A tamb\u00E9 t\u00E9 altres funcions com a \u00E0cid retinoic, una hormona important relacionada amb el factor de creixement a trav\u00E9s del teixit epitelial i altres c\u00E8l\u00B7lules."@ca , "\u7DAD\u751F\u7D20A\u53C8\u7A31\u7DAD\u4ED6\u547DA\uFF0C\u662F\u4E00\u7D44\u4E0D\u98FD\u548C\u71DF\u990A\u6709\u6A5F\u5316\u5408\u7269\uFF0C\u662F\u4EBA\u985E\u7684\u5FC5\u9700\u71DF\u990A\u7D20\u4E4B\u4E00\uFF0C\u7576\u4E2D\u5305\u62EC\u8996\u9EC3\u9187\u3001\u8996\u9EC3\u919B\u3001\u8996\u9EC3\u9178\u53CA\u591A\u7A2E\u7DAD\u751F\u7D20\u539FA\u985E\u80E1\u863F\u8514\u7D20\uFF08\u6700\u8457\u540D\u7684\u662F\u03B2-\u80E1\u863F\u8514\u7D20\uFF09\u3002\u7DAD\u4ED6\u547DA\u5177\u6709\u591A\u7A2E\u529F\u80FD\uFF1A\u5B83\u5C0D\u65BC\u751F\u9577\u767C\u80B2\u3001\u514D\u75AB\u7CFB\u7D71\u7684\u7DAD\u6301\u548C\u826F\u597D\u7684\u8996\u529B\u90FD\u5F88\u91CD\u8981\uFF0C\u6545\u53C8\u540D\u70BA\u6297\u4E7E\u773C\u75C5\u7DAD\u751F\u7D20\u3002\u773C\u775B\u8996\u7DB2\u819C\u7684\u8996\u9EC3\u919B\u90FD\u9700\u8981\u7DAD\u4ED6\u547DA\u4F86\u7D44\u6210\uFF0C\u5B83\u7D50\u5408\u4E86\u8996\u86CB\u767D\u5F62\u6210\u8996\u7D2B\u8CEA\uFF0C\u5B83\u5C0D\u4F4E\u5149\uFF08\u9069\u61C9\u6697\u5149\u7684\u8996\u529B\uFF09\u548C\u5F69\u8272\u8996\u89BA\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5438\u5149\u5206\u5B50\u90FD\u662F\u5FC5\u8981\u7684\u3002\u7DAD\u4ED6\u547DA\u7684\u89D2\u8272\u4F5C\u7528\u8DDF\u8996\u9EC3\u9178\uFF08\u8996\u9EC3\u9187\u7684\u4E0D\u53EF\u9006\u6C27\u5316\u5F62\u5F0F\uFF09\u4E5F\u5927\u4E0D\u76F8\u540C\uFF0C\u5B83\u5C0D\u4E0A\u76AE\u7D44\u7E54\u53CA\u5176\u4ED6\u7D30\u80DE\u4F86\u8AAA\uFF0C\u662F\u4E00\u7A2E\u91CD\u8981\u7684\u985E\u4F3C\u6FC0\u7D20\u7684\u751F\u9577\u56E0\u5B50\u3002 \u7DAD\u751F\u7D20A\u4E26\u975E\u55AE\u4E00\u7684\u4E00\u7A2E\u5316\u5408\u7269\uFF0C\u800C\u662F\u6709\u8A31\u591A\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u578B\u614B\u3002\u5728\u52D5\u7269\u6027\u98DF\u54C1\u4E2D\uFF0C\u7DAD\u4ED6\u547DA\u7684\u4E3B\u8981\u5F62\u5F0F\u662F\u4EE5\u916F\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u4E3B\u8981\u662F\uFF0C\u5B83\u65BC\u5C0F\u8178\u4E2D\u5C07\u5176\u8F49\u5316\u70BA\u8996\u9EC3\u9187\uFF08\u5316\u5B78\u4E0A\u662F\u9152\u7CBE\uFF09\u3002\u8996\u9EC3\u9187\u5F62\u5F0F\u7684\u529F\u80FD\u53EF\u4F5C\u70BA\u7DAD\u751F\u7D20\u7684\u5132\u5B58\u5F62\u5F0F\uFF0C\u4E26\u53EF\u4EE5\u8F49\u63DB\u70BA\u919B\u7684\u8996\u89BA\u6D3B\u8E8D\u5F62\u5F0F\u2014\u8996\u9EC3\u919B\u3002\u5728\u690D\u7269\u4E2D\uFF0C\u7DAD\u4ED6\u547DA\u662F\u5B58\u5728\u65BC\u591A\u7A2E\u690D\u7269\u88E1\u7684\u80E1\u863F\u8514\u7D20\u3002\u52D5\u7269\u80FD\u5920\u628A\u80E1\u863F\u8514\u7D20\u5728\u9AD4\u5167\u8F49\u5316\u70BA\u7DAD\u4ED6\u547DA\u8CAF\u85CF\u65BC\u809D\u81DF\u4E2D\uFF0C\u5B83\u901A\u5E38\u662F\u4EE5\u9187\u985E\u7684\u65B9\u5F0F\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u7A31\u4F5C\u8996\u9EC3\u9187\uFF0C\u5176\u6D3B\u6027\u4E5F\u662F\u6700\u9AD8\uFF1B\u4F46\u4E5F\u6709\u4E00\u4E9B\u5C6C\u65BC\u919B\u985E\uFF0C\u7A31\u4F5C\u8996\u9EC3\u919B\uFF1B\u53E6\u5916\u9084\u6709\u4E00\u4E9B\u5C6C\u65BC\u9178\u985E\uFF0C\u7A31\u4F5C\u8996\u9EC3\u9178\u3002\u8996\u9EC3\u9187\u8207\u8996\u9EC3\u919B\u4E3B\u8981\u638C\u7BA1\u687F\u7D30\u80DE\u7684\u8996\u89BA\u5FAA\u74B0\uFF0C\u800C\u8996\u9EC3\u9178\u4E3B\u8981\u662F\u638C\u7BA1\u4EBA\u9AD4\u5167\u4E0A\u76AE\u7D44\u7E54\u5206\u5316\u6709\u95DC\uFF0C\u56E0\u6B64\u6709\u4E9B\u8996\u9EC3\u9178\u884D\u4F38\u7269\uFF08\u4FD7\u7A31\u7684A\u9178\uFF09\u5E38\u7528\u65BC\u76AE\u819A\u75BE\u75C5\u4E0A\u7684\u6CBB\u7642\uFF0C\u53E6\u5916\u6709\u4E00\u7A2E\u7A31\u4F5C\u8996\u9EC3\u916F\uFF0C\u5176\u70BA\u4EBA\u9AD4\u5167\u5132\u5B58\u8102\u6EB6\u6027\u7DAD\u4ED6\u547DA\u7684\u4E3B\u8981\u578B\u5F0F\u3002 \u7DAD\u4ED6\u547DA\u53EF\u767C\u73FE\u65BC\u5169\u7A2E\u98DF\u7269\u7684\u4E3B\u8981\u5F62\u5F0F\uFF1A"@zh , "Vitamino A estas grupo da sennitrogenaj, nesaturitaj organikaj kombina\u0135oj (kiel alkoholo), kiu esti\u011Das el karotenoj (fandopunkto 63-64 \u00B0C). Retinolo estas unu formo de vitamino A. Vitamino necesas por la kresko de bestoj, la bonstato de la epidermaj histoj kaj la esti\u011Do de la rodopsino. \u011Ci deponi\u011Das en la hepato. Vitamine A estas grava por vidado, \u011Dia ekscesa manko povas provoki blindecon. Malsanoj pro manko estas: \n* Seka ha\u016Dto \n* Hemeralopio Enhavas \u011Din: \n* Ovo \n* Butero \n* Karoto \n* Hepato \n* (granda kukurbo) (enhavas multan karotenon)."@eo , "\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A (Vitamin A) \u3068\u306F\u3001\u7269\u8CEA\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306F\u4E00\u822C\u306B\u30EC\u30C1\u30CE\u30FC\u30EB\uFF08Retinol\u3001\u30A2\u30EB\u30B3\u30FC\u30EB\u4F53\uFF09\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3001\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A1\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002\u5E83\u7FA9\u306B\u306F\u30EC\u30C1\u30CA\u30FC\u30EB\uFF08Retinal\u3001\u30A2\u30EB\u30C7\u30D2\u30C9\u4F53\uFF09\u3001\u30EC\u30C1\u30CE\u30A4\u30F3\u9178\uFF08Retinoic Acid\u3001\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A\u9178\u3068\u3082\uFF09\u304A\u3088\u3073\u3053\u308C\u3089\u306E3-\u30C7\u30D2\u30C9\u30ED\u4F53\uFF08\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A2\u3068\u547C\u3076\uFF09\u3084\u95A2\u9023\u7269\u8CEA\u3092\u542B\u3081\u3001\u8A98\u5C0E\u4F53\u3092\u542B\u3081\u3066\u30EC\u30C1\u30CE\u30A4\u30C9\u3068\u7DCF\u79F0\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002\u30EC\u30C1\u30CE\u30FC\u30EB\u306F\u5FC5\u9808\u6804\u990A\u7D20\u3067\u76AE\u819A\u7D30\u80DE\u306E\u5206\u5316\u3092\u4FC3\u9032\u3059\u308B\u3002\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A\u3084\u03B2-\u30AB\u30ED\u30C6\u30F3\u306F\u6804\u990A\u7D20\u306E\u3072\u3068\u3064\u3067\u3001\u8102\u6EB6\u6027\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3\u306B\u5206\u985E\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A\u306F\u52D5\u7269\u306E\u4F53\u5185\u306B\u5B58\u5728\u3057\u3001\u03B2-\u30AB\u30ED\u30C6\u30F3\u306A\u3069\u52D5\u7269\u306E\u4F53\u5185\u3067\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A\u306B\u5909\u63DB\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3082\u306E\u306F\u7DCF\u79F0\u3057\u3066\u30D7\u30ED\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A\u3068\u547C\u3076\u3002\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A\u306E\u904E\u5270\u75C7\u3068\u6B20\u4E4F\u75C7\u304C\u3042\u308A\u3001\u598A\u5A66\u3067\u306F\u5FC5\u8981\u6442\u53D6\u91CF\u304C\u5897\u52A0\u3059\u308B\u3002\u65E5\u672C\u3067\u533B\u85AC\u90E8\u5916\u54C1\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5316\u7CA7\u54C1\u306B\u914D\u5408\u3055\u308C\u305F\u30EC\u30C1\u30CE\u30FC\u30EB\u306E\u30B7\u30EF\u6539\u5584\u4F5C\u7528\u306E\u52B9\u80FD\u8868\u793A\u304C\u627F\u8A8D\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u304C\u3001\u76AE\u819A\u523A\u6FC0\u6027\u3068\u7269\u8CEA\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306E\u4E0D\u5B89\u5B9A\u306A\u6027\u8CEA\u306F\u554F\u984C\u8996\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja , "La vitamine A est une vitamine liposoluble. Dans l'organisme, elle existe sous forme de r\u00E9tinol, de r\u00E9tinal, d'acide r\u00E9tino\u00EFque (tr\u00E9tino\u00EFne) et de . Ces mol\u00E9cules sont alt\u00E9r\u00E9es par l'oxyg\u00E8ne de l'air, alt\u00E9rations acc\u00E9l\u00E9r\u00E9es par la lumi\u00E8re et la chaleur. Les besoins quotidiens en vitamine A pour un adulte sont estim\u00E9s \u00E0 2 400 UI (femme, femme enceinte except\u00E9e) ou \u00E0 3 400 UI (homme) soit de 0,7 \u00E0 1 mg environ. La vitamine A est impliqu\u00E9e dans la croissance des os et la synth\u00E8se de pigments de l'\u0153il. Le r\u00E9tinol est parfois utilis\u00E9 dans le traitement des acn\u00E9s s\u00E9v\u00E8res."@fr , "H \u03B2\u03B9\u03C4\u03B1\u03BC\u03AF\u03BD\u03B7 \u0391 \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BF\u03BC\u03AC\u03B4\u03B1 \u03B1\u03BA\u03CC\u03C1\u03B5\u03C3\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BB\u03B9\u03C0\u03BF\u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03BB\u03C5\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD \u03B8\u03C1\u03B5\u03C0\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03B5\u03BD\u03CE\u03C3\u03B5\u03C9\u03BD \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BB\u03B1\u03BC\u03B2\u03AC\u03BD\u03BF\u03C5\u03BD \u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 , \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03AD\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C1\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BD\u03BF\u03B5\u03B9\u03B4\u03B5\u03AF\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03B2\u03B9\u03C4\u03B1\u03BC\u03AF\u03BD\u03B5\u03C2 \u0391 (\u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF ). \u0397 \u03B2\u03B9\u03C4\u03B1\u03BC\u03AF\u03BD\u03B7 \u0391 \u03AD\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03AD\u03C2 \u03BB\u03B5\u03B9\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2: \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B1\u03BD\u03AC\u03C0\u03C4\u03C5\u03BE\u03B7, \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03C4\u03AE\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03BD\u03BF\u03C3\u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03B9\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C3\u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03BB\u03AE \u03CC\u03C1\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7. \u0397 \u03B2\u03B9\u03C4\u03B1\u03BC\u03AF\u03BD\u03B7 \u0391 \u03B1\u03C0\u03B1\u03B9\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03B1\u03BC\u03C6\u03B9\u03B2\u03BB\u03B7\u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03BF\u03B5\u03B9\u03B4\u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BF\u03C6\u03B8\u03B1\u03BB\u03BC\u03BF\u03CD \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03BC\u03BF\u03C1\u03C6\u03AE \u03C1\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BD\u03AC\u03BB\u03B7\u03C2, \u03B7 \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03B4\u03C5\u03AC\u03B6\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03C1\u03C9\u03C4\u03B5\u0390\u03BD\u03B7 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C7\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03AF\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7 , \u03C4\u03BF \u03BC\u03CC\u03C1\u03B9\u03BF \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C1\u03C1\u03BF\u03C6\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF \u03C6\u03C9\u03C2 \u03B1\u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03B1\u03AF\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03BF \u03C4\u03CC\u03C3\u03BF \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C7\u03B1\u03BC\u03B7\u03BB\u03CC \u03C6\u03C9\u03C2 (\u03BD\u03C5\u03C7\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BD\u03AE \u03CC\u03C1\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7) \u03CC\u03C3\u03BF \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03AD\u03B3\u03C7\u03C1\u03C9\u03BC\u03B7 \u03CC\u03C1\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7. \u0397 \u03B2\u03B9\u03C4\u03B1\u03BC\u03AF\u03BD\u03B7 \u0391 \u03AD\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9 \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03CD \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03C1\u03CC\u03BB\u03BF \u03C9\u03C2 (\u03BC\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B7 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03AD\u03C8\u03B9\u03BC\u03B7 \u03BF\u03BE\u03B5\u03B9\u03B4\u03C9\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B7 \u03BC\u03BF\u03C1\u03C6\u03AE \u03C1\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC\u03BB\u03B7\u03C2), \u03C4\u03BF \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BF \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03AC\u03B3\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BC\u03BF\u03B9\u03AC\u03B6\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03BF\u03C1\u03BC\u03CC\u03BD\u03B7 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B1 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03B8\u03B7\u03BB\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03AC \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AC\u03BB\u03BB\u03B1 \u03BA\u03CD\u03C4\u03C4\u03B1\u03C1\u03B1."@el , "La vitamina A es un grupo de compuestos org\u00E1nicos nutricionales insaturados que incluyen a retinoides preformados como el retinol y sus derivados, retinal y \u00E1cido retinoico; y varios carotenoides provitamina A (especialmente, el beta-caroteno).\u200B\u200B La vitamina A tiene m\u00FAltiples funciones: es importante para el crecimiento y el desarrollo, para el mantenimiento del sistema inmunitario y para una buena visi\u00F3n.\u200B\u200B Las diferentes funciones asociadas a la vitamina A est\u00E1n relacionadas con la funci\u00F3n de cada uno de los retinoides, i.e., el retinol tiene la funci\u00F3n de transporte y reproducci\u00F3n (en mam\u00EDferos), los \u00E9steres de retinilo son formas de almacenamiento, el retinal en la visi\u00F3n y el \u00E1cido retinoico, el cual es producido por oxidaci\u00F3n irreversible del retinal, es importante para las funciones"@es , "Vitam\u00EDn A (axeroftol) je v tuc\u00EDch rozpustn\u00FD vitam\u00EDn. Existuje ve dvou p\u0159irozen\u00FDch form\u00E1ch \u2013 vitam\u00EDn A1 (retinol) a vitam\u00EDn A2 (3-dehydroretin). Vitam\u00EDn A je nutn\u00FD pro tvorbu rodopsinu, zrakov\u00E9ho pigmentu pou\u017E\u00EDvan\u00E9ho za n\u00EDzk\u00E9ho osv\u011Btlen\u00ED. Nedostatek vitam\u00EDnu proto vede k \u0161erosleposti. Vitam\u00EDn A je tak\u00E9 d\u016Fle\u017Eit\u00FD antioxidant. Rovn\u011B\u017E je nezbytn\u00FD pro v\u00FDvoj , p\u0159i jeho nedostatku bu\u0148ky rohovat\u00ED. Zdrojem vitaminu A je , beta-karoten a lykopen, co\u017E jsou oran\u017Eov\u00E1 a \u010Derven\u00E1 barviva. Vitam\u00EDn A vznik\u00E1 z provitam\u00EDnu A, tedy p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm z betakarotenu."@cs , "\u0412\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438\u0301\u043D A \u2014 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043F\u043F\u0430 \u0431\u043B\u0438\u0437\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u043E \u0445\u0438\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044E \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u0432\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043B (\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043D A1, \u0430\u043A\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0442\u043E\u043B) \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0438\u0434\u044B, \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0445\u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C\u044E: (\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043D A2), \u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C (\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0435\u043D, \u0430\u043B\u044C\u0434\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0434 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043D\u0430 A1) \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0435\u0432\u0443\u044E \u043A\u0438\u0441\u043B\u043E\u0442\u0443. \u041A \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043C A \u043E\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0441\u044F\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043A\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0438\u0434\u044B, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0435 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043C\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043D\u0430 A; \u043D\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043D\u0438\u0445 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u03B2-\u043A\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u043D. \u0420\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0438\u0434\u044B \u0441\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043E\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u0430 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0438\u0434\u044B \u2014 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u044D\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0445\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0448\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0438\u043C\u044B \u0432 \u043D\u0435\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044F\u0440\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043E\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044F\u0445 (\u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u0440, \u0432 \u043C\u0430\u0441\u043B\u0430\u0445) \u0438 \u043F\u043B\u043E\u0445\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0438\u043C\u044B \u0432 \u0432\u043E\u0434\u0435. \u0412\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043D \u0410 \u0434\u0435\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u043F\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438, \u043C\u043E\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043D\u0430\u043A\u0430\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0442\u043A\u0430\u043D\u044F\u0445. \u041F\u0440\u0438 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043A\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043E\u043A\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C."@ru , "Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin and an essential nutrient for humans. It is a group of organic compounds that includes retinol, retinal (also known as retinaldehyde), retinoic acid, and several provitamin A carotenoids (most notably beta-carotene [\u03B2-carotene]). Vitamin A has multiple functions: it is essential for embryo development and growth, for maintenance of the immune system, and for vision, where it combines with the protein opsin to form rhodopsin \u2013 the light-absorbing molecule necessary for both low-light (scotopic vision) and color vision."@en , "Unter Vitamin A werden alle fettl\u00F6slichen chemischen Verbindungen (Vitamere) zusammengefasst, die die biologische Aktivit\u00E4t des Retinols entfalten und sich von den Carotinoiden ableiten. Zu Vitamin A z\u00E4hlen neben Retinol selbst (Vitamin A1), seine Ester (wie Retinylacetat, -palmitat, -propionat oder -stearat) sowie Provitamin A-Carotinoide (\u03B1-Carotin, \u03B2-Carotin und \u03B2-Cryptoxanthin). Chemisch handelt es sich um Retinoide, dies schlie\u00DFt auch synthetische Derivate des Retinols ein."@de , "\uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uB294 \uC2DC\uAC01 \uAE30\uB2A5\uC5D0 \uAD00\uC5EC\uD558\uACE0, \uC131\uC7A5 \uC778\uC790\uB85C \uC791\uC6A9\uD558\uB294 \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC\uC774\uB2E4. \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uB294 \uB208\uC758 \uB9DD\uB9C9\uC5D0\uC11C \uB300\uC0AC \uC0B0\uBB3C\uC778, \uD761\uAD11 \uBD84\uC790 \uB808\uD2F0\uB0A0\uC758 \uD615\uD0DC\uB85C \uC791\uC6A9\uD558\uB294\uB370, \uB808\uD2F0\uB0A0\uC740 \uBC15\uBA85\uC2DC(\uC5B4\uB450\uC6B4 \uD658\uACBD\uC5D0\uC11C \uBB3C\uCCB4\uB97C \uBCF4\uB294 \uB2A5\uB825)\uC640 \uC0C9\uC870\uAC10\uAC01\uC5D0 \uC808\uB300\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uD544\uC694\uD558\uB2E4. \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uB294 \uB610\uD55C \uB808\uD2F0\uB180\uC774 \uBE44\uAC00\uC5ED\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uC0B0\uD654\uB41C \uD615\uD0DC\uC778 \uC758 \uD615\uD0DC\uB85C \uC0C1\uD53C \uC138\uD3EC \uB4F1\uC5D0\uC11C \uD638\uB974\uBAAC\uACFC \uAC19\uC774 \uC911\uC694\uD55C \uC131\uC7A5 \uC778\uC790\uB85C\uC11C \uAE30\uB2A5\uC744 \uD55C\uB2E4. \uB3D9\uBB3C\uC131 \uC74C\uC2DD\uC5D0 \uB4E4\uC5B4\uC788\uB294 \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uB294 \uB300\uBD80\uBD84 (retinyl palmitate)\uC640 \uAC19\uC740 \uC5D0\uC2A4\uD130 \uD615\uD0DC\uB85C \uC874\uC7AC\uD558\uBA70, \uC74C\uC2DD\uC73C\uB85C \uC12D\uCDE8\uB41C \uB4A4 \uC791\uC740 \uCC3D\uC790\uC5D0\uC11C \uC54C\uCF54\uC62C\uC758 \uC77C\uC885\uC778 \uB808\uD2F0\uB180\uB85C \uBCC0\uD658\uB41C\uB2E4. \uC778\uCCB4\uB294 \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uB97C \uB808\uD2F0\uB180 \uD615\uD0DC\uB85C \uC800\uC7A5\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4\uAC00 \uD544\uC694\uD560 \uB54C\uB9C8\uB2E4 \uC2DC\uAC01\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uC791\uC6A9\uD558\uB294 \uC54C\uB370\uD788\uB4DC\uC778 \uB808\uD2F0\uB0A0\uB85C \uBCC0\uD658\uD558\uC5EC \uC0AC\uC6A9\uD55C\uB2E4. \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uC5D0\uC11C \uBE44\uAC00\uC5ED\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uD569\uC131\uB418\uB294 \uB300\uC0AC \uC0B0\uBB3C\uC778 \uB808\uD2F0\uB178 \uC0B0\uC740, \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uB85C\uC11C \uBD80\uBD84\uC801\uC778 \uAE30\uB2A5\uB9CC \uD558\uBA70, \uB9DD\uB9C9\uC758 \uC2DC\uAC01 \uD68C\uB85C(visual cycle)\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uC544\uBB34\uB7F0 \uAE30\uB2A5\uB3C4 \uD558\uC9C0 \uBABB\uD55C\uB2E4. \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uB294 \uC74C\uC2DD\uC5D0\uC11C \uB450 \uAC00\uC9C0\uC758 \uC8FC\uC694\uD55C \uD615\uD0DC\uB85C \uBC1C\uACAC\uB41C\uB2E4."@ko , "Vitamin A merupakan salah satu jenis vitamin larut dalam lemak yang berperan penting dalam pembentukan sistem penglihatan yang baik. Terdapat beberapa senyawa yang digolongkan ke dalam kelompok vitamin A, antara lain retinol, , dan retinil asetat. Akan tetapi, istilah vitamin A sering kali merujuk pada senyawa retinol dibandingkan dengan senyawa lain karena senyawa inilah yang paling banyak berperan aktif di dalam tubuh. Vitamin A banyak ditemukan pada wortel, minyak ikan, susu, keju, dan hati. Rumus kimia untuk Vitamin A adalah C20H30O."@in , "A bitamina bitamina lipodisolbagarria da eta elikagaietan hainbat estruktura desberdin izan ditzake. Animalia jatorriko elikagaietan, erretinol izeneko alkohola da bitamina honen forma nagusia, baina erretinal aldehido bezala ere ager daiteke, eta baita azido erretinoiko bezala ere. Landareetatik eratorritako jakietan berriz daude, A bitaminaren aitzindariak alegia, konposatu karotenoideen familiakoak."@eu , "Witaminy A \u2013 grupa organicznych zwi\u0105zk\u00F3w chemicznych zaliczanych do retinoid\u00F3w (z kt\u00F3rych najwa\u017Cniejszy jest retinol), pe\u0142ni\u0105cych w organizmie funkcj\u0119 niezb\u0119dnego sk\u0142adnika pokarmowego, rozpuszczalnej w t\u0142uszczach witaminy. W po\u017Cywieniu pochodzenia zwierz\u0119cego podstawow\u0105 form\u0105, w jakiej ona wyst\u0119puje, jest ester \u2013 , kt\u00F3ry w jelicie cienkim ulega deestryfikacji do alkoholu \u2013 retinolu. \n* 1 IU retinolu = 0,3 \u00B5g RAE \n* 1 IU \u03B2-karotenu w suplemencie diety = 0,15 \u00B5g RAE \n* 1 IU \u03B2-karotenu w po\u017Cywieniu = 0,05 \u00B5g RAE \n* 1 IU lub kryptoksantyny = 0,025 \u00B5g RAE"@pl , "\u0412\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0456\u043D \u0410 \u2014 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043F\u0430 \u0431\u043B\u0438\u0437\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430 \u0445\u0456\u043C\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u044E \u0431\u0443\u0434\u043E\u0432\u043E\u044E \u0440\u0435\u0447\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043D, \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0457\u0434\u0438: \u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043B (\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0456\u043D A1, \u0430\u043A\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0442\u043E\u043B), (\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0456\u043D \u04102), (\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0435\u043D, \u0430\u043B\u044C\u0434\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0456\u043D\u0443 A1), \u0456 \u043A\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0456\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u2014 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0457\u0434\u0456\u0432, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u044F\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0430\u0436\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0448\u0438\u043C \u0454 \u03B2-\u043A\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u043D. \u0420\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0457\u0434\u0438 \u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044F\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F, \u0430 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0457\u0434\u0438 \u2014 \u0443 \u0440\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0438\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0430\u0445. \u0423\u0441\u0456 \u0446\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043D\u0438 \u0434\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0435 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043D\u044F\u044E\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u043D\u0435\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044F\u0440\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043E\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043D\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430\u0445 \u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0433\u0430\u043D\u043E \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043D\u044F\u044E\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0443 \u0432\u043E\u0434\u0456. \u0414\u0435\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0443\u044E\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u043F\u0435\u0447\u0456\u043D\u0446\u0456, \u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043D\u0456 \u043D\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0438\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0442\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0445. \u0423 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0457\u0434\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043D\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u043E\u043A\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C."@uk , "A vitamina A ou retinol \u00E9 um micronutriente pertencente ao grupo das vitaminas lipossol\u00FAveis, podendo ser encontrada no tecido animal sob a forma de retin\u00F3ides ou como pr\u00F3-vitamina em tecidos vegetais, sob a forma de carotenoide. No organismo humano a vitamina A pode ser encontrada de tr\u00EAs formas, o retinol, retinal e o \u00E1cido retinoico, sendo o \u00FAltimo o principal e mais abundante metab\u00F3lito intracelular em mam\u00EDferos."@pt . @prefix foaf: . dbr:Vitamin_A foaf:depiction , , , , , , , , , . @prefix dcterms: . @prefix dbc: . dbr:Vitamin_A dcterms:subject dbc:Unsaturated_compounds , dbc:Vitamin_A , dbc:Biomolecules ; dbo:wikiPageID 54114 ; dbo:wikiPageRevisionID 1121469252 ; dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Cathelicidin , dbr:Photoreceptor_cell , dbr:Non-alcoholic_fatty_liver_disease , dbr:Kale , dbr:Elmer_McCollum , dbr:Diarrhea , dbr:George_Wald , dbr:Adapalene , dbr:Paul_Karrer , dbr:BASF , dbr:Fluorouracil , dbr:Carotenemia , dbr:National_Academy_of_Medicine , , , dbr:Canidae , , dbr:United_Nations , dbr:Innate_immune_system , dbr:Reference_Daily_Intake , dbr:Antibody , , dbr:Bexarotene , , dbr:Sweet_potato , dbr:Innate_immune_response , dbr:Monocyte , dbr:White_blood_cell , dbr:Iodopsin , dbr:Prevalence , dbr:Protein , dbr:Chromophore , , dbr:Vitamin , dbr:Institute_of_Medicine , dbr:Herbivore , dbr:Alcohol_dehydrogenase , dbr:Passive_transport , dbr:Agonist , dbr:Vertebrate , dbr:Maize , dbr:DNA , dbr:Ovarian_cancer , dbr:Dendritic_cell , dbr:Isoprene , dbr:Carbohydrate , dbr:Polar_bear , , dbr:Acne_vulgaris , dbc:Unsaturated_compounds , dbr:Microgram , dbr:Developing_country , dbr:Hepatic_stellate_cell , dbr:Etretinate , , dbr:Resistin , dbr:Vitamin_A_deficiency , dbr:Trifarotene , dbr:Natural_killer_cell , dbr:Provitamin , dbr:Food_fortification , dbr:Lipid_droplet , dbr:Terpene , dbr:B_cell , dbr:Thymus , dbr:Embryo , dbr:Isotretinoin , , dbr:European_Union , dbr:Etiological , dbr:Visual_impairment , dbr:Jaundice , dbr:Hepatocyte , dbr:Acetaldehyde , dbr:Sub-Saharan_Africa , dbr:Pancreatic_cancer , dbr:Glucuronic_acid , dbr:World_War_II , dbr:Gamma-carotene , dbr:UNICEF , dbr:Radar_in_World_War_II , dbr:Retinal_dehydrogenase , dbr:Hypervitaminosis_A , dbr:World_Health_Organization , dbr:Retinal , dbr:Essential_nutrient , dbr:Vitamer , dbr:Scotopic , dbr:Esophageal_cancer , dbr:Liver , dbr:Interferon-alpha , dbr:Retinoic_acid , dbr:Rosacea , dbr:Retinol , dbr:Cheddar_cheese , dbr:Bladder_cancer , dbr:Retinyl_acetate , dbr:Retinyl_palmitate , dbr:Metabolic_syndrome , dbr:Organic_compounds , dbr:Beta-cryptoxanthin , , dbr:Dietary_Reference_Intake , dbr:Southeast_Asia , dbr:Tolerable_upper_intake_level , dbr:Enterocyte , dbr:Beta-Carotene , dbr:Royal_Air_Force , dbr:Hoffman-La_Roche , dbr:Melanoma , , dbr:Fat , dbr:Corneal_ulceration , dbr:Sebum , dbr:Alpha-Carotene , , dbr:Oryza_sativa , dbr:Pumpkin , dbr:Liver_cancer , dbr:Xanthophyll , dbr:Biosynthesis , dbr:Rhodopsin , dbr:Gastrointestinal_tract , dbr:Psoriasis , dbr:Xerophthalmia , dbr:Franz_Christian_Boll , dbr:Aldehyde_dehydrogenase , dbr:Ester , dbr:Breast_cancer , dbr:Nicotinamide_adenine_dinucleotide , dbr:Tretinoin , dbr:Nicotinamide_adenine_dinucleotide_phosphate , dbr:Macrophage , dbr:Beta-carotene , , , dbr:Rhone-Poulenc , dbr:International_unit , dbr:Chordate , dbr:Teratogen , dbr:RPE65 , , dbr:Gene , dbr:Yale_University , dbr:Colorectal_cancer , , dbr:Cervical_cancer , dbr:Cryptoxanthin , dbr:Immune_system , dbr:Chlorophyll , dbr:Toll-like_receptors , dbr:Cell_nucleus , dbr:Harry_Steenbock , dbr:RBP4 , dbr:Retinoic_acid_receptor_alpha , , dbr:Carrot , dbr:Millennium_Development_Goals , dbr:Color_vision , dbr:Veganism , dbr:Phytoene , dbr:Ethanol , dbr:Omnivore , dbr:Lymphatic_system , dbr:Butter , , dbr:Lymphocyte , dbr:Allergen , dbr:Chylomicron , dbr:Wheat , dbr:Lung_cancer , dbr:Grignard_reaction , dbr:CYP26A1 , dbr:Digestive_tract , dbr:CYP26B1 , dbr:CYP26C1 , dbr:Child_mortality , dbr:Mesenteric_lymph_node , dbr:Frederick_Gowland_Hopkins , dbr:Topical_medication , dbr:Felidae , dbr:Tazarotene , dbr:Lycopene , dbr:Acitretin , dbr:Marguerite_Davis , dbr:Cooking_oil , dbr:Nyctalopia , dbr:Cytochrome_P450 , dbr:Biomarker , dbr:Ionone , dbr:Spinach , dbr:Rod_cell , dbr:Lafayette_Mendel , dbr:Vegetarianism , dbr:European_Food_Safety_Authority , dbr:David_Adriaan_van_Dorp , dbr:RBP2 , dbr:Retinoic_acid_receptor_gamma , dbr:T_cell , dbc:Vitamin_A , , , dbr:Cytokine , , , dbr:Adaptive_immune_system , dbr:Fetal_alcohol_spectrum_disorder , dbr:Retinoid , dbr:Bioavailability , dbr:Retinol_dehydrogenase , dbr:Lecithin_retinol_acyltransferase , dbr:Antimicrobial_peptides , dbr:Carotenoid , dbr:Carotenosis , dbr:Alpha-carotene , dbr:Journal_of_Biological_Chemistry , dbr:Opsin , dbr:Carnivore , dbr:Cone_cell , dbr:Sclera , dbr:Tetraterpene , dbr:Euro , dbr:Cod_liver_oil , dbr:Genital_warts , dbr:SCARB1 , dbc:Biomolecules , dbr:Gastric_cancer , dbr:Invertebrate , , dbr:Microbiome ; dbo:wikiPageExternalLink . @prefix ns11: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs ns11:Vitamina_A . @prefix dbpedia-ca: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-ca:Vitamina_A , . @prefix dbpedia-da: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-da:Vitamin_A . @prefix dbpedia-az: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-az:A_vitamini . @prefix ns15: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs ns15:Vitamin_A , , , . @prefix dbpedia-tr: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-tr:A_vitamini , , . @prefix ns17: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs ns17:DB00162 , , . @prefix dbpedia-vi: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-vi:Vitamin_A , , . @prefix dbpedia-no: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-no:Vitamin_A , , , . @prefix dbpedia-de: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-de:Vitamin_A , . @prefix dbpedia-sq: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-sq:Vitamina_A . @prefix dbpedia-pt: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-pt:Vitamina_A . @prefix ns23: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs ns23:A_vitamin . @prefix dbpedia-fr: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-fr:Vitamine_A , , , . @prefix dbpedia-sw: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-sw:Vitamini_A . @prefix dbpedia-hr: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-hr:Vitamin_A . @prefix dbpedia-eu: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-eu:A_bitamina , . @prefix ns28: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs ns28:Vitamene_A , , . @prefix dbpedia-ms: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-ms:Vitamin_A . @prefix dbpedia-es: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-es:Vitamina_A . @prefix ns31: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs ns31:Vitamin_A , , , , , , . @prefix dbpedia-pl: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-pl:Witamina_A . @prefix dbpedia-id: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-id:Vitamin_A , , . @prefix dbpedia-gl: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-gl:Vitamina_A . @prefix dbpedia-simple: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-simple:Vitamin_A , . @prefix dbpedia-ro: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-ro:Vitamina_A , wikidata:Q18225 . @prefix dbpedia-sh: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-sh:Vitamin_A . @prefix ns38: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs ns38:Vitaminas_A . @prefix ns39: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs ns39:Vitamin_A . @prefix dbpedia-oc: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-oc:Vitamina_A , . @prefix ns41: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs ns41:kbfX , . @prefix dbpedia-cy: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-cy:Fitamin_A , , , . @prefix dbpedia-nl: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-nl:Vitamine_A . @prefix dbpedia-af: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-af:Vitamien_A . @prefix dbpedia-sl: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-sl:Vitamin_A , . @prefix dbpedia-eo: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-eo:Vitamino_A . @prefix ns47: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs ns47:Vitamina_A . @prefix dbpedia-fi: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-fi:A-vitamiini . @prefix yago-res: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs yago-res:Vitamin_A , . @prefix dbpedia-et: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-et:A-vitamiin . @prefix dbpedia-hu: . dbr:Vitamin_A owl:sameAs dbpedia-hu:A-vitamin . @prefix dbp: . @prefix dbt: . dbr:Vitamin_A dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate dbt:Dietary_supplement , dbt:Eqm , dbt:Retinoid_receptor_modulators , dbt:See , dbt:Cascite , dbt:Vitamins , dbt:Fdacite , dbt:About , dbt:Abbr , dbt:Verify_spelling , dbt:Infobox_drug , dbt:Antioxidants , dbt:Reflist , dbt:ATC , dbt:Authority_control , , dbt:MeSH_name , dbt:Main , dbt:Good_article , dbt:Use_dmy_dates , dbt:Val , dbt:Stdinchicite , dbt:Citation_needed , dbt:Short_description ; dbo:thumbnail ; dbp:atcSuffix "CA01"@en ; dbp:atcPrefix "A11"@en ; dbp:c 20 ; dbp:caption "Retinol"@en ; dbp:casNumber 68 , 11103 ; dbp:chebi 17336 ; dbp:chembl 986 ; dbp:chemspiderid 393012 ; dbp:class dbr:Vitamin ; dbp:date "September 2022"@en ; dbp:h 30 ; dbp:image "Retinol 3D balls.png"@en ; dbp:index2Label "mixture"@en ; dbp:iupacName -37 ; dbp:legalUs "OTC"@en ; dbp:meltingPoint 62 ; dbp:o 1 ; dbp:pregnancyUs "X"@en ; dbp:pubchem 1071 ; dbp:reason "incidence is normally used only in the singular form, perhaps incidence, incidents, or instances was intended"@en ; dbp:routesOfAdministration "by mouth, IM"@en ; dbp:smiles "OC/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C1=C/CCCC1C"@en ; dbp:stdinchi 1 ; dbp:stdinchikey "FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N"@en ; dbp:unii "G2SH0XKK91"@en , 81 ; dbo:abstract "A bitamina bitamina lipodisolbagarria da eta elikagaietan hainbat estruktura desberdin izan ditzake. Animalia jatorriko elikagaietan, erretinol izeneko alkohola da bitamina honen forma nagusia, baina erretinal aldehido bezala ere ager daiteke, eta baita azido erretinoiko bezala ere. Landareetatik eratorritako jakietan berriz daude, A bitaminaren aitzindariak alegia, konposatu karotenoideen familiakoak."@eu , 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\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043B\u0443 \u0430\u0446\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430.\u0417\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0424\u0430\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0435\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0456 \u0423\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0438 1 \u041C\u041E \u0432\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0456\u043D\u0443 A \u2014 \u0446\u0435 \u0431\u0456\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u043A\u0432\u0456\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0442: \n* 0,3 \u043C\u043A\u0433 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043B\u0443 \n* 0,55 \u043C\u043A\u0433 \u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043B\u0443 \u043F\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043C\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \n* 0,34 \u043C\u043A\u0433 \u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043B\u0443 \u0430\u0446\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \n* 0,6 \u043C\u043A\u0433 \u03B2-\u043A\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0443."@uk , "Unter Vitamin A werden alle fettl\u00F6slichen chemischen Verbindungen (Vitamere) zusammengefasst, die die biologische Aktivit\u00E4t des Retinols entfalten und sich von den Carotinoiden ableiten. Zu Vitamin A z\u00E4hlen neben Retinol selbst (Vitamin A1), seine Ester (wie Retinylacetat, -palmitat, -propionat oder -stearat) sowie Provitamin A-Carotinoide (\u03B1-Carotin, \u03B2-Carotin und \u03B2-Cryptoxanthin). Chemisch handelt es sich um Retinoide, dies schlie\u00DFt auch synthetische Derivate des Retinols ein. In allen F\u00E4llen werden diese Verbindungen in Retinal und Retins\u00E4ure metabolisiert und entfalten dann ihre spezifische Vitamin-A-Wirkung. Sie k\u00F6nnen durch enzymatisch katalysierte Reaktionen ineinander \u00FCberf\u00FChrt werden, mit der einzigen Ausnahme, dass Retins\u00E4uren nicht mehr recycliert werden k\u00F6nnen. Vitamin A ist f\u00FCr alle Wirbeltiere essentiell und f\u00FCr den Sehvorgang, die Fortpflanzung und Embryonalentwicklung, die Zell- und Gewebedifferenzierung und Immunfunktionen von Bedeutung."@de , "La vitamina A es un grupo de compuestos org\u00E1nicos nutricionales insaturados que incluyen a retinoides preformados como el retinol y sus derivados, retinal y \u00E1cido retinoico; y varios carotenoides provitamina A (especialmente, el beta-caroteno).\u200B\u200B La vitamina A tiene m\u00FAltiples funciones: es importante para el crecimiento y el desarrollo, para el mantenimiento del sistema inmunitario y para una buena visi\u00F3n.\u200B\u200B Las diferentes funciones asociadas a la vitamina A est\u00E1n relacionadas con la funci\u00F3n de cada uno de los retinoides, i.e., el retinol tiene la funci\u00F3n de transporte y reproducci\u00F3n (en mam\u00EDferos), los \u00E9steres de retinilo son formas de almacenamiento, el retinal en la visi\u00F3n y el \u00E1cido retinoico, el cual es producido por oxidaci\u00F3n irreversible del retinal, es importante para las funciones sist\u00E9micas de la vitamina A (la diferenciaci\u00F3n de epitelios y la transcripci\u00F3n de genes) y la reproducci\u00F3n. Act\u00FAa de manera similar a una hormona y es un importante factor de crecimiento para las c\u00E9lulas epiteliales y otras. (1) La retina del ojo necesita la vitamina A en forma de retinal, que se combina con la prote\u00EDna opsina para formar rodopsina, la mol\u00E9cula que absorbe la luz\u200B necesaria para la visi\u00F3n con poca luz (visi\u00F3n escot\u00F3pica ) y en color.\u200B En los alimentos de origen animal, la principal forma de la vitamina A es un \u00E9ster, principalmente , que se convierte en retinol (qu\u00EDmicamente, un alcohol) en el intestino delgado. La forma de retinol funciona como una forma de almacenamiento de la vitamina, y se puede convertir hacia y desde su forma de aldeh\u00EDdo visualmente activa, la retinal.\u200B Todas las formas de vitamina A tienen un anillo beta-ionona al que se une una cadena isoprenoide, llamada .\u200B Ambas estructuras son esenciales para la actividad de la vitamina.\u200B Para que un carotenoide tenga actividad provitamina A, su estructura debe incorporar una mol\u00E9cula de retinol, i.e. un anillo beta-ionona y la cadena de isoprenoide. Por esta raz\u00F3n, es que de los m\u00E1s de 500 carotenoides identificados en la naturaleza, aproximadamente solo unos 50 poseen actividad provitamina A en alg\u00FAn grado. El betacaroteno es, el pigmento naranja de las zanahorias y presente en otros alimentos vegetales, est\u00E1 compuesto por dos grupos retinilo conectados, y es el que posee la actividad m\u00E1xima provitamina A (te\u00F3ricamente se le atribuye un 50 %), pero debe ser previamente convertido a retinal en las c\u00E9lulas intestinales.(1) El alfa-caroteno y el tambi\u00E9n tienen un solo grupo de retinilo, que les da cierta actividad de la vitamina. Ninguno de los otros carotenos tiene actividad vitam\u00EDnica. La carotenoide beta- criptoxantina posee un grupo ionona y tiene actividad vitam\u00EDnica en los seres humanos.[cita requerida] La vitamina A puede encontrarse en dos formas principales en los alimentos: \n* El retinol, la forma de vitamina A que se absorbe al comer fuentes de alimentos para animales, es una sustancia amarilla, soluble en grasa. Como la forma de alcohol puro es inestable, la vitamina se encuentra en los tejidos en forma de \u00E9ster de retinilo. Tambi\u00E9n se produce comercialmente y se administra como \u00E9steres tales como acetato de retinilo o palmitato.\u200B \n* Los carotenos alfa-caroteno, beta-caroteno, gamma-caroteno y la xantofila beta-criptoxantina (que contiene todos los anillos beta-ionona) pero no otros carotenoides, funcionan como provitamina A en animales herb\u00EDvoros y omn\u00EDvoros, que poseen la enzima beta-caroteno 15,15'-dioxigenasa, que escinde el beta-caroteno en la mucosa intestinal y lo convierte en retinol.\u200B"@es , "\u0412\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438\u0301\u043D A \u2014 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043F\u043F\u0430 \u0431\u043B\u0438\u0437\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u043E \u0445\u0438\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044E \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u0432\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043B 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\u043D\u0430\u043A\u0430\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0442\u043A\u0430\u043D\u044F\u0445. \u041F\u0440\u0438 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043A\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043E\u043A\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C. \u0412\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043D \u0431\u044B\u043B \u043E\u0442\u043A\u0440\u044B\u0442 \u0432 1913 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443. \u0412 1931 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0431\u044B\u043B\u0430 \u043E\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430, \u0430 \u0432 1937 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0435\u0433\u043E \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044C \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044C. \u0412\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043D \u0410 \u0432\u044B\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043D\u044F\u0435\u0442 \u043C\u043D\u043E\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E \u0431\u0438\u043E\u0445\u0438\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0444\u0443\u043D\u043A\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043E\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0437\u043C\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043A\u0430 \u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043E\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445. \u0420\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043C \u0440\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043F\u0441\u0438\u043D\u0430 \u2014 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0438\u0433\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430. \u0412 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043A\u0438\u0441\u043B\u043E\u0442\u044B \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043D \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0443\u043B\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435. \u0420\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043B \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043D\u044B\u043C \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043C \u043A\u043B\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u0435\u043C\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043D, \u043E\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438\u043E\u043A\u0441\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043D\u0442\u043D\u0443\u044E \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0443 \u043E\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0437\u043C\u0430. \u041F\u0440\u0438 \u043D\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043A\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043D\u0430 A \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043B\u0438\u0447\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u044D\u043F\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0438\u044F, \u0443\u0445\u0443\u0434\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435, \u043D\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0441\u043C\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u043E\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0446\u044B. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0431\u043B\u044E\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0441\u043D\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043C\u043C\u0443\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u0443\u043D\u043A\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043C\u0435\u0434\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430."@ru , "\uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uB294 \uC2DC\uAC01 \uAE30\uB2A5\uC5D0 \uAD00\uC5EC\uD558\uACE0, \uC131\uC7A5 \uC778\uC790\uB85C \uC791\uC6A9\uD558\uB294 \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC\uC774\uB2E4. \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uB294 \uB208\uC758 \uB9DD\uB9C9\uC5D0\uC11C \uB300\uC0AC \uC0B0\uBB3C\uC778, \uD761\uAD11 \uBD84\uC790 \uB808\uD2F0\uB0A0\uC758 \uD615\uD0DC\uB85C \uC791\uC6A9\uD558\uB294\uB370, \uB808\uD2F0\uB0A0\uC740 \uBC15\uBA85\uC2DC(\uC5B4\uB450\uC6B4 \uD658\uACBD\uC5D0\uC11C \uBB3C\uCCB4\uB97C \uBCF4\uB294 \uB2A5\uB825)\uC640 \uC0C9\uC870\uAC10\uAC01\uC5D0 \uC808\uB300\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uD544\uC694\uD558\uB2E4. \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uB294 \uB610\uD55C \uB808\uD2F0\uB180\uC774 \uBE44\uAC00\uC5ED\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uC0B0\uD654\uB41C \uD615\uD0DC\uC778 \uC758 \uD615\uD0DC\uB85C \uC0C1\uD53C \uC138\uD3EC \uB4F1\uC5D0\uC11C \uD638\uB974\uBAAC\uACFC \uAC19\uC774 \uC911\uC694\uD55C \uC131\uC7A5 \uC778\uC790\uB85C\uC11C \uAE30\uB2A5\uC744 \uD55C\uB2E4. \uB3D9\uBB3C\uC131 \uC74C\uC2DD\uC5D0 \uB4E4\uC5B4\uC788\uB294 \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uB294 \uB300\uBD80\uBD84 (retinyl palmitate)\uC640 \uAC19\uC740 \uC5D0\uC2A4\uD130 \uD615\uD0DC\uB85C \uC874\uC7AC\uD558\uBA70, \uC74C\uC2DD\uC73C\uB85C \uC12D\uCDE8\uB41C \uB4A4 \uC791\uC740 \uCC3D\uC790\uC5D0\uC11C \uC54C\uCF54\uC62C\uC758 \uC77C\uC885\uC778 \uB808\uD2F0\uB180\uB85C \uBCC0\uD658\uB41C\uB2E4. \uC778\uCCB4\uB294 \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uB97C \uB808\uD2F0\uB180 \uD615\uD0DC\uB85C \uC800\uC7A5\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4\uAC00 \uD544\uC694\uD560 \uB54C\uB9C8\uB2E4 \uC2DC\uAC01\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uC791\uC6A9\uD558\uB294 \uC54C\uB370\uD788\uB4DC\uC778 \uB808\uD2F0\uB0A0\uB85C \uBCC0\uD658\uD558\uC5EC \uC0AC\uC6A9\uD55C\uB2E4. \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uC5D0\uC11C \uBE44\uAC00\uC5ED\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uD569\uC131\uB418\uB294 \uB300\uC0AC \uC0B0\uBB3C\uC778 \uB808\uD2F0\uB178 \uC0B0\uC740, \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uB85C\uC11C \uBD80\uBD84\uC801\uC778 \uAE30\uB2A5\uB9CC \uD558\uBA70, \uB9DD\uB9C9\uC758 \uC2DC\uAC01 \uD68C\uB85C(visual cycle)\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uC544\uBB34\uB7F0 \uAE30\uB2A5\uB3C4 \uD558\uC9C0 \uBABB\uD55C\uB2E4. \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uD615\uD0DC\uC758 \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uB294 \uB808\uD2F0\uB2D0 \uAD70\uC774\uB77C \uBD88\uB9AC\uB294, \uC774\uC18C\uD504\uB80C\uC774 \uBD80\uCC29\uB41C \uC774\uC624\uB17C(ionone) \uACE0\uB9AC\uAC00 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC774 \uB450\uAC00\uC9C0 \uAD6C\uC870\uC801 \uD2B9\uC9D5\uC740 \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC \uD6A8\uACFC(vitamin activity)\uC5D0 \uD544\uC218\uC801\uC774\uB2E4. \uB2F9\uADFC\uC5D0 \uD568\uC720\uB418\uC5B4 \uC788\uB294 \uD669\uC0C9 \uC0C9\uC18C\uCCB4\uC778 \uBCA0\uD0C0 \uCE74\uB85C\uD2F4\uC740 \uB450 \uAC1C\uC758 \uB808\uD2F0\uB2D0 \uAD70\uC774 \uACB0\uD569\uD55C \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C, \uADF8 \uB450 \uAC1C\uC758 \uB808\uD2F0\uB2D0 \uAD70\uC774 \uCCB4\uB0B4 \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A \uB18D\uB3C4\uC5D0 \uAE30\uC5EC\uD55C\uB2E4. \uACFC \uC740 \uB808\uD2F0\uB2D0 \uAD70\uC774 \uD558\uB098\uC529 \uC788\uACE0, \uC774\uAC83\uC774 \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC \uD6A8\uACFC\uB97C \uB098\uD0C0\uB0B8\uB2E4. \uCE74\uB974\uD2F0\uB178\uC774\uB4DC \uBCA0\uD0C0 \uD06C\uB9BD\uD1A0\uC794\uD2F4\uC740 \uC774\uC624\uB17C \uAD70\uC744 \uAC00\uC9C0\uACE0 \uC788\uACE0 \uC778\uCCB4\uC5D0\uC11C \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC \uD6A8\uACFC\uB97C \uAC00\uC9C4\uB2E4. \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uB294 \uC74C\uC2DD\uC5D0\uC11C \uB450 \uAC00\uC9C0\uC758 \uC8FC\uC694\uD55C \uD615\uD0DC\uB85C \uBC1C\uACAC\uB41C\uB2E4. \n* \uB808\uD2F0\uB180: \uB3D9\uBB3C\uC131 \uC74C\uC2DD\uC744 \uBA39\uC744 \uB54C \uD761\uC218\uB418\uB294 \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uC758 \uD615\uD0DC\uC778 \uB808\uD2F0\uB180\uC740 \uD669\uC0C9\uC774\uACE0, \uC9C0\uC6A9\uC131 \uBB3C\uC9C8\uC774\uB2E4. \uC21C\uC218\uD55C \uC54C\uCF54\uC62C \uD615\uD0DC\uB294 \uBD88\uC548\uC815\uD558\uAE30 \uB54C\uBB38\uC5D0, \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC\uC740 \uC138\uD3EC \uC870\uC9C1\uC5D0\uC11C \uB808\uD2F0\uB2D0 \uC5D0\uC2A4\uD130 \uD615\uD0DC\uB85C \uBC1C\uACAC\uB41C\uB2E4. \uB808\uD2F0\uB180\uC740 \uB808\uD2F0\uB2D0 \uC544\uC138\uD14C\uC774\uD2B8 \uB610\uB294 \uB808\uD2F0\uB2D0 \uD314\uBBF8\uD14C\uC774\uD2B8\uC640 \uAC19\uC740 \uC5D0\uC2A4\uD130 \uD615\uD0DC\uB85C \uC0C1\uC5C5\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uC81C\uC870\uB418\uACE0, \uD22C\uC57D\uB41C\uB2E4. \n* \uCE74\uB85C\uD2F4(\uC54C\uD30C \uCE74\uB85C\uD2F4, \uBCA0\uD0C0 \uCE74\uB85C\uD2F4, \uAC10\uB9C8 \uCE74\uB85C\uD2F4) \uADF8\uB9AC\uACE0 \uC794\uD1A0\uD544(\uBCA0\uD0C0 \uD06C\uB9BD\uD1A0\uC794\uD2F4, \uC774\uAC83\uB4E4\uC740 \uBAA8\uB450 \uBCA0\uD0C0 \uC774\uC624\uB17C \uACE0\uB9AC\uB97C \uD3EC\uD568\uD55C\uB2E4)\uC740 \uC774 \uBB3C\uC9C8\uB4E4\uC744 \uB808\uD2F0\uB0A0\uB85C \uBCC0\uD658\uD558\uB294 \uB370\uC5D0 \uD544\uC694\uD55C \uD6A8\uC18C\uB97C \uAC00\uC9C0\uACE0 \uC788\uB294 \uCD08\uC2DD\uB3D9\uBB3C\uACFC \uC7A1\uC2DD\uB3D9\uBB3C\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uB85C\uC11C \uC791\uC6A9\uD55C\uB2E4. \uB2E8, \uB2E4\uB978 \uCE74\uB974\uD2F0\uB178\uC774\uB4DC\uB294 \uC81C\uC678\uB41C\uB2E4. \uC77C\uBC18\uC801\uC73C\uB85C, \uC721\uC2DD\uB3D9\uBB3C\uC740 \uC774\uC624\uB17C\uC744 \uD3EC\uD568\uD55C \uCE74\uB974\uD2F0\uB178\uC774\uB4DC\uB97C \uC798 \uBCC0\uD658\uD558\uC9C0 \uBABB\uD558\uACE0, \uACE0\uC591\uC774\uC640 \uD770\uC871\uC81C\uBE44\uC640 \uAC19\uC740 \uC21C\uC218\uD55C \uC721\uC2DD\uB3D9\uBB3C\uC740 \uBCA0\uD0C0 \uCE74\uB85C\uD2F4 15,15'-\uBAA8\uB178\uC625\uC2DC\uAC8C\uB098\uC544\uC81C(beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase)\uAC00 \uBD80\uC871\uD558\uACE0 \uC5B4\uB5A4 \uCE74\uB974\uD2F0\uB178\uC774\uB4DC\uB3C4 \uB808\uD2F0\uB0A0\uB85C \uBCC0\uD658\uD558\uC9C0 \uBABB\uD55C\uB2E4.(\uB530\uB77C\uC11C \uC774\uB7EC\uD55C \uB3D9\uBB3C\uC740 \uCE74\uB974\uD2F0\uB178\uC774\uB4DC\uB97C \uBE44\uD0C0\uBBFC A\uC758 \uD615\uD0DC\uB85C \uB9CC\uB4E4\uC9C0 \uBABB\uD55C\uB2E4)"@ko , "Vitamin A merupakan salah satu jenis vitamin larut dalam lemak yang berperan penting dalam pembentukan sistem penglihatan yang baik. Terdapat beberapa senyawa yang digolongkan ke dalam kelompok vitamin A, antara lain retinol, , dan retinil asetat. Akan tetapi, istilah vitamin A sering kali merujuk pada senyawa retinol dibandingkan dengan senyawa lain karena senyawa inilah yang paling banyak berperan aktif di dalam tubuh. Vitamin A banyak ditemukan pada wortel, minyak ikan, susu, keju, dan hati. Rumus kimia untuk Vitamin A adalah C20H30O."@in , "Witaminy A \u2013 grupa organicznych zwi\u0105zk\u00F3w chemicznych zaliczanych do retinoid\u00F3w (z kt\u00F3rych najwa\u017Cniejszy jest retinol), pe\u0142ni\u0105cych w organizmie funkcj\u0119 niezb\u0119dnego sk\u0142adnika pokarmowego, rozpuszczalnej w t\u0142uszczach witaminy. W po\u017Cywieniu pochodzenia zwierz\u0119cego podstawow\u0105 form\u0105, w jakiej ona wyst\u0119puje, jest ester \u2013 , kt\u00F3ry w jelicie cienkim ulega deestryfikacji do alkoholu \u2013 retinolu. Zawarto\u015B\u0107 witaminy A w po\u017Cywieniu lub suplementach diety podawana jest zazwyczaj w tzw. jednostkach mi\u0119dzynarodowych (j.m.; ang. International Units, IU). Naukowcy opracowuj\u0105cy normy zalecanego dziennego spo\u017Cycia pos\u0142uguj\u0105 si\u0119 z kolei najcz\u0119\u015Bciej inn\u0105 jednostk\u0105: mikrogramami r\u00F3wnowa\u017Cnika retinolu (ang. Retinol Activity Equivalents, RAE). Przeliczanie jednych jednostek na drugie nie jest proste (zr\u00F3\u017Cnicowana dieta zawieraj\u0105ca 900 \u00B5g r\u00F3wnowa\u017Cnika retinolu mo\u017Ce zawiera\u0107 3\u201336 tys. j.m. witaminy A): \n* 1 IU retinolu = 0,3 \u00B5g RAE \n* 1 IU \u03B2-karotenu w suplemencie diety = 0,15 \u00B5g RAE \n* 1 IU \u03B2-karotenu w po\u017Cywieniu = 0,05 \u00B5g RAE \n* 1 IU lub kryptoksantyny = 0,025 \u00B5g RAE Witamina A jest odporna na dzia\u0142anie wysokiej temperatury, jednak kontakt z \u017Celazem lub miedzi\u0105 powoduje jej zanik."@pl , "A vitamina A ou retinol \u00E9 um micronutriente pertencente ao grupo das vitaminas lipossol\u00FAveis, podendo ser encontrada no tecido animal sob a forma de retin\u00F3ides ou como pr\u00F3-vitamina em tecidos vegetais, sob a forma de carotenoide. No organismo humano a vitamina A pode ser encontrada de tr\u00EAs formas, o retinol, retinal e o \u00E1cido retinoico, sendo o \u00FAltimo o principal e mais abundante metab\u00F3lito intracelular em mam\u00EDferos."@pt , "Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin and an essential nutrient for humans. It is a group of organic compounds that includes retinol, retinal (also known as retinaldehyde), retinoic acid, and several provitamin A carotenoids (most notably beta-carotene [\u03B2-carotene]). Vitamin A has multiple functions: it is essential for embryo development and growth, for maintenance of the immune system, and for vision, where it combines with the protein opsin to form rhodopsin \u2013 the light-absorbing molecule necessary for both low-light (scotopic vision) and color vision. Vitamin A occurs as two principal forms in foods: A) retinol, found in animal-sourced foods, either as retinol or bound to a fatty acid to become a retinyl ester, and B) the carotenoids alpha-carotene, \u03B2-carotene, gamma-carotene, and the xanthophyll beta-cryptoxanthin (all of which contain \u03B2-ionone rings) that function as provitamin A in herbivore and omnivore animals which possess the enzymes that cleave and convert provitamin carotenoids to retinal and then to retinol. Some carnivore species lack this enzyme. The other carotenoids have no vitamin activity. Dietary retinol is absorbed from the digestive tract via passive diffusion. Unlike retinol, \u03B2-carotene is taken up by enterocytes by the membrane transporter protein scavenger receptor B1 (SCARB1), which is upregulated in times of vitamin A deficiency. Storage of retinol is in lipid droplets in the liver. A high capacity for long-term storage of retinol means that well-nourished humans can go months on a vitamin A- and \u03B2-carotene-deficient diet, while maintaining blood levels in the normal range. Only when the liver stores are nearly depleted will signs and symptoms of deficiency show. Retinol is reversibly converted to retinal, then irreversibly to retinoic acid, which activates hundreds of genes. Vitamin A deficiency is common in developing countries, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. Deficiency can occur at any age but is most common in pre-school-age children and pregnant women, the latter due to a need to transfer retinol to the fetus. Vitamin A deficiency is estimated to affect approximately one-third of children under the age of five around the world, resulting in hundreds of thousands of cases of blindness and deaths from childhood diseases because of immune system failure. Reversible night blindness is an early indicator of low vitamin A status. Plasma retinol is used as a biomarker to confirm vitamin A deficiency. Breast milk retinol can indicate a deficiency in nursing mothers. Neither of these measures indicates the status of liver reserves. The European Union and various countries have set recommendations for dietary intake, and upper limits for safe intake. Vitamin A toxicity also referred to as hypervitaminosis A, occurs when there is too much vitamin A accumulating in the body. Symptoms may include nervous system effects, liver abnormalities, fatigue, muscle weakness, bone, and skin changes, and others. The adverse effects of both acute and chronic toxicity are reversed after consumption of high dose supplements is stopped."@en , "\u0641\u064A\u062A\u0627\u0645\u064A\u0646 \u0623 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064A\u062A\u064A\u0646\u0648\u0644 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Vitamin A)\u200F \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062A \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062F\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0627\u0628\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0644\u0648\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0644\u0648\u064A 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\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0651\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u062A\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062A\u062C \u0639\u0631\u0636\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0623\u064A\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062C\u064A\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0642\u062F \u062A\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064A \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629."@ar , "La vitamine A est une vitamine liposoluble. Dans l'organisme, elle existe sous forme de r\u00E9tinol, de r\u00E9tinal, d'acide r\u00E9tino\u00EFque (tr\u00E9tino\u00EFne) et de . Ces mol\u00E9cules sont alt\u00E9r\u00E9es par l'oxyg\u00E8ne de l'air, alt\u00E9rations acc\u00E9l\u00E9r\u00E9es par la lumi\u00E8re et la chaleur. Les aliments d'origine animale (viandes, produits laitiers et surtout foie) contiennent du r\u00E9tinol et des esters de r\u00E9tinol alors que les v\u00E9g\u00E9taux contiennent essentiellement des carot\u00E8nes qui sont des pr\u00E9curseurs du r\u00E9tinol. Une mol\u00E9cule de b\u00EAta-carot\u00E8ne, par hydrolyse de la liaison 15-15\u2032 sous l'influence d'un carot\u00E9no\u00EFde mono-oxyg\u00E9nase (\u03B2\u03B2-carot\u00E8ne 15,15\u2032 mono-oxyg\u00E9nase), donne deux mol\u00E9cules de vitamine A. Par contre, les deux autres carot\u00E8nes (alpha et gamma) ne donnent naissance qu'\u00E0 une seule mol\u00E9cule de vitamine A. Les besoins quotidiens en vitamine A pour un adulte sont estim\u00E9s \u00E0 2 400 UI (femme, femme enceinte except\u00E9e) ou \u00E0 3 400 UI (homme) soit de 0,7 \u00E0 1 mg environ. Une unit\u00E9 internationale de vitamine A correspond \u00E0 0,3 \u03BCg de r\u00E9tinol. Le r\u00E9tinol est consid\u00E9r\u00E9 comme l'unit\u00E9 de base, le r\u00E9tinol-\u00E9quivalent, ce qui permet de comparer l'activit\u00E9 vitaminique des diff\u00E9rents d\u00E9riv\u00E9s de la vitamine A. La vitamine A est impliqu\u00E9e dans la croissance des os et la synth\u00E8se de pigments de l'\u0153il. Le r\u00E9tinol est parfois utilis\u00E9 dans le traitement des acn\u00E9s s\u00E9v\u00E8res."@fr , "\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A (Vitamin A) \u3068\u306F\u3001\u7269\u8CEA\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306F\u4E00\u822C\u306B\u30EC\u30C1\u30CE\u30FC\u30EB\uFF08Retinol\u3001\u30A2\u30EB\u30B3\u30FC\u30EB\u4F53\uFF09\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3001\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A1\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002\u5E83\u7FA9\u306B\u306F\u30EC\u30C1\u30CA\u30FC\u30EB\uFF08Retinal\u3001\u30A2\u30EB\u30C7\u30D2\u30C9\u4F53\uFF09\u3001\u30EC\u30C1\u30CE\u30A4\u30F3\u9178\uFF08Retinoic Acid\u3001\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A\u9178\u3068\u3082\uFF09\u304A\u3088\u3073\u3053\u308C\u3089\u306E3-\u30C7\u30D2\u30C9\u30ED\u4F53\uFF08\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A2\u3068\u547C\u3076\uFF09\u3084\u95A2\u9023\u7269\u8CEA\u3092\u542B\u3081\u3001\u8A98\u5C0E\u4F53\u3092\u542B\u3081\u3066\u30EC\u30C1\u30CE\u30A4\u30C9\u3068\u7DCF\u79F0\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002\u30EC\u30C1\u30CE\u30FC\u30EB\u306F\u5FC5\u9808\u6804\u990A\u7D20\u3067\u76AE\u819A\u7D30\u80DE\u306E\u5206\u5316\u3092\u4FC3\u9032\u3059\u308B\u3002\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A\u3084\u03B2-\u30AB\u30ED\u30C6\u30F3\u306F\u6804\u990A\u7D20\u306E\u3072\u3068\u3064\u3067\u3001\u8102\u6EB6\u6027\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3\u306B\u5206\u985E\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A\u306F\u52D5\u7269\u306E\u4F53\u5185\u306B\u5B58\u5728\u3057\u3001\u03B2-\u30AB\u30ED\u30C6\u30F3\u306A\u3069\u52D5\u7269\u306E\u4F53\u5185\u3067\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A\u306B\u5909\u63DB\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3082\u306E\u306F\u7DCF\u79F0\u3057\u3066\u30D7\u30ED\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A\u3068\u547C\u3076\u3002\u30D3\u30BF\u30DF\u30F3A\u306E\u904E\u5270\u75C7\u3068\u6B20\u4E4F\u75C7\u304C\u3042\u308A\u3001\u598A\u5A66\u3067\u306F\u5FC5\u8981\u6442\u53D6\u91CF\u304C\u5897\u52A0\u3059\u308B\u3002\u65E5\u672C\u3067\u533B\u85AC\u90E8\u5916\u54C1\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5316\u7CA7\u54C1\u306B\u914D\u5408\u3055\u308C\u305F\u30EC\u30C1\u30CE\u30FC\u30EB\u306E\u30B7\u30EF\u6539\u5584\u4F5C\u7528\u306E\u52B9\u80FD\u8868\u793A\u304C\u627F\u8A8D\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u304C\u3001\u76AE\u819A\u523A\u6FC0\u6027\u3068\u7269\u8CEA\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306E\u4E0D\u5B89\u5B9A\u306A\u6027\u8CEA\u306F\u554F\u984C\u8996\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja , "Vitam\u00EDn A (axeroftol) je v tuc\u00EDch rozpustn\u00FD vitam\u00EDn. Existuje ve dvou p\u0159irozen\u00FDch form\u00E1ch \u2013 vitam\u00EDn A1 (retinol) a vitam\u00EDn A2 (3-dehydroretin). Vitam\u00EDn A je nutn\u00FD pro tvorbu rodopsinu, zrakov\u00E9ho pigmentu pou\u017E\u00EDvan\u00E9ho za n\u00EDzk\u00E9ho osv\u011Btlen\u00ED. Nedostatek vitam\u00EDnu proto vede k \u0161erosleposti. Vitam\u00EDn A je tak\u00E9 d\u016Fle\u017Eit\u00FD antioxidant. Rovn\u011B\u017E je nezbytn\u00FD pro v\u00FDvoj , p\u0159i jeho nedostatku bu\u0148ky rohovat\u00ED. Zdrojem vitaminu A je , beta-karoten a lykopen, co\u017E jsou oran\u017Eov\u00E1 a \u010Derven\u00E1 barviva. Vitam\u00EDn A vznik\u00E1 z provitam\u00EDnu A, tedy p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm z betakarotenu."@cs , "Vitamino A estas grupo da sennitrogenaj, nesaturitaj organikaj kombina\u0135oj (kiel alkoholo), kiu esti\u011Das el karotenoj (fandopunkto 63-64 \u00B0C). Retinolo estas unu formo de vitamino A. Vitamino necesas por la kresko de bestoj, la bonstato de la epidermaj histoj kaj la esti\u011Do de la rodopsino. \u011Ci deponi\u011Das en la hepato. Vitamine A estas grava por vidado, \u011Dia ekscesa manko povas provoki blindecon. Malsanoj pro manko estas: \n* Seka ha\u016Dto \n* Hemeralopio Enhavas \u011Din: \n* Ovo \n* Butero \n* Karoto \n* Hepato \n* (granda kukurbo) (enhavas multan karotenon)."@eo , "La vitamina A \u00E9s un grup de components org\u00E0nics nutricionals no saturats, que inclouen retinol, retinal, \u00E0cid retinoic, i diversos carotenoides de provitamines A (especialment, el beta-carot\u00E8). La vitamina A t\u00E9 diverses funcions: \u00E9s important pel creixement i desenvolupament, pel manteniment del sistema immunitari i per la vista. La vitamina A \u00E9s necess\u00E0ria per a la retina de l'ull on es combina amb la prote\u00EFna opsina per formar rodopsina, la mol\u00E8cula lleugerament absorbent necess\u00E0ria per a la visi\u00F3 escot\u00F2pica i del color. La vitamina A tamb\u00E9 t\u00E9 altres funcions com a \u00E0cid retinoic, una hormona important relacionada amb el factor de creixement a trav\u00E9s del teixit epitelial i altres c\u00E8l\u00B7lules. Totes les formes de vitamina A formen part del grup dels isoprenoides que presenten dues estructures essencials per a l'activitat vitam\u00EDnica: un anell i una cadena lateral isoprenoide amb dobles enlla\u00E7os conjugats i un grup funcional terminal. Els dobles enlla\u00E7os poden tenir configuraci\u00F3 trans o cis."@ca , "H \u03B2\u03B9\u03C4\u03B1\u03BC\u03AF\u03BD\u03B7 \u0391 \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BF\u03BC\u03AC\u03B4\u03B1 \u03B1\u03BA\u03CC\u03C1\u03B5\u03C3\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BB\u03B9\u03C0\u03BF\u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03BB\u03C5\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD \u03B8\u03C1\u03B5\u03C0\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03B5\u03BD\u03CE\u03C3\u03B5\u03C9\u03BD \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BB\u03B1\u03BC\u03B2\u03AC\u03BD\u03BF\u03C5\u03BD \u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 , \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03AD\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C1\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BD\u03BF\u03B5\u03B9\u03B4\u03B5\u03AF\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03B2\u03B9\u03C4\u03B1\u03BC\u03AF\u03BD\u03B5\u03C2 \u0391 (\u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF ). \u0397 \u03B2\u03B9\u03C4\u03B1\u03BC\u03AF\u03BD\u03B7 \u0391 \u03AD\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03AD\u03C2 \u03BB\u03B5\u03B9\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2: \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B1\u03BD\u03AC\u03C0\u03C4\u03C5\u03BE\u03B7, \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03C4\u03AE\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03BD\u03BF\u03C3\u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03B9\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C3\u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03BB\u03AE \u03CC\u03C1\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7. \u0397 \u03B2\u03B9\u03C4\u03B1\u03BC\u03AF\u03BD\u03B7 \u0391 \u03B1\u03C0\u03B1\u03B9\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03B1\u03BC\u03C6\u03B9\u03B2\u03BB\u03B7\u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03BF\u03B5\u03B9\u03B4\u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BF\u03C6\u03B8\u03B1\u03BB\u03BC\u03BF\u03CD \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03BC\u03BF\u03C1\u03C6\u03AE \u03C1\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BD\u03AC\u03BB\u03B7\u03C2, \u03B7 \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03B4\u03C5\u03AC\u03B6\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03C1\u03C9\u03C4\u03B5\u0390\u03BD\u03B7 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C7\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03AF\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7 , \u03C4\u03BF \u03BC\u03CC\u03C1\u03B9\u03BF \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C1\u03C1\u03BF\u03C6\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF \u03C6\u03C9\u03C2 \u03B1\u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03B1\u03AF\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03BF \u03C4\u03CC\u03C3\u03BF \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C7\u03B1\u03BC\u03B7\u03BB\u03CC \u03C6\u03C9\u03C2 (\u03BD\u03C5\u03C7\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BD\u03AE \u03CC\u03C1\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7) \u03CC\u03C3\u03BF \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03AD\u03B3\u03C7\u03C1\u03C9\u03BC\u03B7 \u03CC\u03C1\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7. \u0397 \u03B2\u03B9\u03C4\u03B1\u03BC\u03AF\u03BD\u03B7 \u0391 \u03AD\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9 \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03CD \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03C1\u03CC\u03BB\u03BF \u03C9\u03C2 (\u03BC\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B7 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03AD\u03C8\u03B9\u03BC\u03B7 \u03BF\u03BE\u03B5\u03B9\u03B4\u03C9\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B7 \u03BC\u03BF\u03C1\u03C6\u03AE \u03C1\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC\u03BB\u03B7\u03C2), \u03C4\u03BF \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BF \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03AC\u03B3\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BC\u03BF\u03B9\u03AC\u03B6\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03BF\u03C1\u03BC\u03CC\u03BD\u03B7 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B1 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03B8\u03B7\u03BB\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03AC \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AC\u03BB\u03BB\u03B1 \u03BA\u03CD\u03C4\u03C4\u03B1\u03C1\u03B1. \u03A3\u03B5 \u03C4\u03C1\u03CC\u03C6\u03B9\u03BC\u03B1 \u03B6\u03C9\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 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\u03B2\u03AE\u03C4\u03B1-\u03B9\u03BF\u03BD\u03CC\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2), \u03B1\u03BB\u03BB\u03AC \u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03AC\u03BB\u03BB\u03BF \u03BA\u03B1\u03C1\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BD\u03BF\u03B5\u03B9\u03B4\u03AD\u03C2, \u03BB\u03B5\u03B9\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03BF\u03CD\u03BD \u03C9\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03B2\u03B9\u03C4\u03B1\u03BC\u03AF\u03BD\u03B7 \u0391 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03C6\u03C5\u03C4\u03BF\u03C6\u03AC\u03B3\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03B1\u03BC\u03C6\u03AC\u03B3\u03B1 \u03B6\u03CE\u03B1, \u03C4\u03B1 \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03B8\u03AD\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03BD \u03C4\u03BF \u03AD\u03BD\u03B6\u03C5\u03BC\u03BF \u03B2\u03AE\u03C4\u03B1-\u03BA\u03B1\u03C1\u03BF\u03C4\u03AD\u03BD\u03B9\u03BF 15,15'-\u03B4\u03B9\u03BF\u03BE\u03C5\u03B3\u03B5\u03BD\u03AC\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03C3\u03C0\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF \u03B2\u03AE\u03C4\u03B1-\u03BA\u03B1\u03C1\u03BF\u03C4\u03AD\u03BD\u03B9\u03BF \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03B5\u03BD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03B2\u03BB\u03B5\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B3\u03CC\u03BD\u03BF \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03C4\u03C1\u03AD\u03C0\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03C1\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC\u03BB\u03B7."@el ; dbp:atcSupplemental ", ,"@en ; dbp:boilingNotes ""@en ; dbp:boilingPoint 137 ; dbp:dailymedid "Retinol"@en ; dbp:iupharLigand 4053 . @prefix gold: . dbr:Vitamin_A gold:hypernym dbr:Group . @prefix prov: . dbr:Vitamin_A prov:wasDerivedFrom . @prefix xsd: . dbr:Vitamin_A dbo:wikiPageLength "105057"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; dbo:casNumber "11103-57-4" , "68-26-8" ; dbo:chEBI "17336" ; dbo:chEMBL "986" ; dbo:fdaUniiCode "G2SH0XKK91" , "81G40H8B0T" ; dbo:pubchem "1071" ; dbo:atcCode ",," ; dbo:class dbr:Vitamin ; dbo:license dbr:Retinol . @prefix wikipedia-en: . dbr:Vitamin_A foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf wikipedia-en:Vitamin_A .