. . . "Modula-2 je flexibiln\u00ED procedur\u00E1ln\u00ED programovac\u00ED jazyk s podporou multiprogramov\u00E1n\u00ED. V roce 1978 ho vytvo\u0159il Niklaus Wirth na Spolkov\u00E9 vysok\u00E9 technick\u00E1 \u0161kole v Curychu jako n\u00E1stupce jazyka Modula. V roce 1980 byl jazyk implementov\u00E1n pro po\u010D\u00EDta\u010D Lilith, kter\u00FD byl uveden na trh roku 1982 spole\u010Dnost\u00ED (Data Image Sound Procesor and Emitter Receiver System) pod jm\u00E9ny mC1 a mC2 (po cel\u00E9m sv\u011Bt\u011B prod\u00E1no 120 kus\u016F). Jazyk vych\u00E1zel podobn\u011B jako Modula z jazyka Pascal stejn\u00E9ho autora. Jazyk byl ovlivn\u011Bn jazykem Mesa a nov\u00FDmi programovac\u00EDmi mo\u017Enostmi osobn\u00EDho po\u010D\u00EDta\u010De ."@cs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Modula-2"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "Modula-2"@de . . . . . . "Modula-2"@ja . . . . . "Modula-2 \u00E4r ett programspr\u00E5k konstruerat av professorn i datalogi Niklaus Wirth vid ETH runt 1978, som uppf\u00F6ljare till Modula, ett annat av hans programspr\u00E5k (som dock aldrig implementerades). Modula-2 \u00E4r l\u00F6st baserat p\u00E5 programspr\u00E5ket fr\u00E5n Xerox, som Wirth s\u00E5g under sitt \u00E5r p\u00E5 Xerox PARC 1976."@sv . . "Modula-2\uFF0C\u662F\u4E00\u79CD\u901A\u7528\u7684\u7ED3\u6784\u5316\u8FC7\u7A0B\u5F0F\u7F16\u7A0B\u8BED\u8A00\uFF0C\u7531\u5C3C\u514B\u52B3\u65AF\u00B7\u7EF4\u5C14\u7279\u57281978\u5E74\u81F31985\u5E74\u95F4\u4E8E\u82CF\u9ECE\u4E16\u8054\u90A6\u7406\u5DE5\u5B66\u9662\u5F00\u53D1\u3002\u5B83\u5177\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u7075\u6D3B\u6027\u7528\u4E8E\u7CFB\u7EDF\u7F16\u7A0B\uFF0C\u548C\u66F4\u52A0\u5E7F\u9614\u5E94\u7528\u9886\u57DF\u3002\u7279\u522B\u662F\uFF0C\u5B83\u88AB\u8BBE\u8BA1\u4E3A\u4EE5\u4E00\u79CD\u76F4\u63A5\u7684\u65B9\u5F0F\u652F\u6301\u5206\u79BB\u7F16\u8BD1\u548C\u6570\u636E\u62BD\u8C61\u3002\u5B83\u7684\u5F88\u591A\u8BED\u6CD5\u57FA\u4E8E\u4E86\u7EF4\u5C14\u7279\u65E9\u5148\u7684\u5468\u77E5\u8BED\u8A00Pascal\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Modula-2 is a structured, procedural programming language developed between 1977 and 1985/8 by Niklaus Wirth at ETH Zurich. It was created as the language for the operating system and application software of the Lilith personal workstation. It was later used for programming outside the context of the Lilith. Wirth viewed Modula-2 as a successor to his earlier programming languages Pascal and Modula. The main concepts are: Modula-2 was followed by Modula-3, and later by the Oberon series of languages."@en . . . . "Modula-2"@zh . . . "Modula-2"@fr . . . . . "Modula-2 je flexibiln\u00ED procedur\u00E1ln\u00ED programovac\u00ED jazyk s podporou multiprogramov\u00E1n\u00ED. V roce 1978 ho vytvo\u0159il Niklaus Wirth na Spolkov\u00E9 vysok\u00E9 technick\u00E1 \u0161kole v Curychu jako n\u00E1stupce jazyka Modula. V roce 1980 byl jazyk implementov\u00E1n pro po\u010D\u00EDta\u010D Lilith, kter\u00FD byl uveden na trh roku 1982 spole\u010Dnost\u00ED (Data Image Sound Procesor and Emitter Receiver System) pod jm\u00E9ny mC1 a mC2 (po cel\u00E9m sv\u011Bt\u011B prod\u00E1no 120 kus\u016F). Jazyk vych\u00E1zel podobn\u011B jako Modula z jazyka Pascal stejn\u00E9ho autora. Jazyk byl ovlivn\u011Bn jazykem Mesa a nov\u00FDmi programovac\u00EDmi mo\u017Enostmi osobn\u00EDho po\u010D\u00EDta\u010De ."@cs . . "\uBAA8\uB4C8\uB77C-2"@ko . "32181"^^ . "Modula-2 \u00E8 un linguaggio di programmazione general-purpose creato da Niklaus Wirth ed \u00E8 il diretto successore di Pascal. Modula-2 corregge i problemi e le ambiguit\u00E0 del suo predecessore. Tra le caratteristiche principali vi \u00E8 il concetto di modulo, ossia di un'unit\u00E0 logica che incapsula al suo interno dati e procedure, limitandone la visibilit\u00E0 all'esterno. Questo permette una migliore organizzazione del programma (cfr. programmazione modulare)."@it . . . "Modula-2 is a structured, procedural programming language developed between 1977 and 1985/8 by Niklaus Wirth at ETH Zurich. It was created as the language for the operating system and application software of the Lilith personal workstation. It was later used for programming outside the context of the Lilith. Wirth viewed Modula-2 as a successor to his earlier programming languages Pascal and Modula. The main concepts are: 1. \n* The module as a compiling unit for separate compiling 2. \n* The coroutine as the basic building block for concurrent processes 3. \n* Types and procedures that allow access to machine-specific data The language design was influenced by the Mesa language and the Xerox Alto, both from Xerox PARC, that Wirth saw during his 1976 sabbatical year there. The computer magazine Byte devoted the August 1984 issue to the language and its surrounding environment. Modula-2 was followed by Modula-3, and later by the Oberon series of languages."@en . . . . . "Modula-2"@pt . . . . "Modula-2\uFF0C\u662F\u4E00\u79CD\u901A\u7528\u7684\u7ED3\u6784\u5316\u8FC7\u7A0B\u5F0F\u7F16\u7A0B\u8BED\u8A00\uFF0C\u7531\u5C3C\u514B\u52B3\u65AF\u00B7\u7EF4\u5C14\u7279\u57281978\u5E74\u81F31985\u5E74\u95F4\u4E8E\u82CF\u9ECE\u4E16\u8054\u90A6\u7406\u5DE5\u5B66\u9662\u5F00\u53D1\u3002\u5B83\u5177\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u7075\u6D3B\u6027\u7528\u4E8E\u7CFB\u7EDF\u7F16\u7A0B\uFF0C\u548C\u66F4\u52A0\u5E7F\u9614\u5E94\u7528\u9886\u57DF\u3002\u7279\u522B\u662F\uFF0C\u5B83\u88AB\u8BBE\u8BA1\u4E3A\u4EE5\u4E00\u79CD\u76F4\u63A5\u7684\u65B9\u5F0F\u652F\u6301\u5206\u79BB\u7F16\u8BD1\u548C\u6570\u636E\u62BD\u8C61\u3002\u5B83\u7684\u5F88\u591A\u8BED\u6CD5\u57FA\u4E8E\u4E86\u7EF4\u5C14\u7279\u65E9\u5148\u7684\u5468\u77E5\u8BED\u8A00Pascal\u3002"@zh . . . . . . "\u041C\u043E\u0301\u0434\u0443\u043B\u0430-2 (Modula-2) \u2014 \u044F\u0437\u044B\u043A \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0430\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044F \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043C \u041F\u0430\u0441\u043A\u0430\u043B\u044F, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u041D\u0438\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0443\u0441\u043E\u043C \u0412\u0438\u0440\u0442\u043E\u043C \u0432 1978 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443."@ru . . . "Modula-2\uFF08\u30E2\u30B8\u30E5\u30E9\u30FB\u30C4\u30FC\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30B3\u30F3\u30D4\u30E5\u30FC\u30BF\u306E\u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30DF\u30F3\u30B0\u8A00\u8A9E\u306E\u4E00\u7A2E\u3067\u30011978\u5E74\u9803\u306B\u30C1\u30E5\u30FC\u30EA\u30C3\u30D2\u5DE5\u79D1\u5927\u5B66\u306E\u30CB\u30AF\u30E9\u30A6\u30B9\u30FB\u30F4\u30A3\u30EB\u30C8\u306B\u3088\u308A\u3001\u5148\u7ACB\u3063\u3066\u69CB\u60F3\u3055\u308C\u305F\u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30DF\u30F3\u30B0\u8A00\u8A9E\u300C\u300D\u306E\u5F8C\u7D99\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5275\u6848\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u6C4E\u7528\u624B\u7D9A\u304D\u578B\u8A00\u8A9E\u3067\u3001\u69CB\u6587\u306E\u591A\u304F\u306F\u540C\u69D8\u306B\u30F4\u30A3\u30EB\u30C8\u306E\u624B\u639B\u3051\u305FPascal\u8A00\u8A9E\u306B\u57FA\u3044\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3068\u306A\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u540D\u524D\u300CModula-2\u300D\u306F\u300C\u30E2\u30B8\u30E5\u30FC\u30EB\u306E\u300D\u3092\u610F\u5473\u3059\u308B\u82F1\u8A9E\u300Cmodular\u300D\u306B\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . "ETH compiler written by Niklaus Wirth"@en . . "Modula 2 \u2013 j\u0119zyk programowania wysokiego poziomu stworzony przez Niklausa Wirtha."@pl . "24102707"^^ . "Modula-2"@nl . . . . . . . . "Modula-2"@en . . . . . . . . "Modula-2"@en . . . . . . . . . . "Modula-2 es un lenguaje de programaci\u00F3n cuyo autor es Niklaus Wirth, autor tambi\u00E9n del lenguaje Pascal. Como novedad respecto a este \u00FAltimo lenguaje, introduce el concepto de m\u00F3dulo, y de encapsulaci\u00F3n. Del c\u00F3digo contenido en un m\u00F3dulo, s\u00F3lo se facilita una interfaz p\u00FAblica denominada m\u00F3dulo de definici\u00F3n, permaneciendo el resto oculto (encapsulado) para un desarrollador ajeno, lo que facilita el mantenimiento de dichas estructuras de programaci\u00F3n a la vez que imposibilita la modificaci\u00F3n de las mismas a cualquiera que no posea el c\u00F3digo de su m\u00F3dulo de implementaci\u00F3n."@es . . . . "Modula est un langage de programmation cr\u00E9\u00E9 en 1977 par Niklaus Wirth \u00E0 l'\u00C9cole polytechnique f\u00E9d\u00E9rale de Zurich. Sa syntaxe est une am\u00E9lioration de celle du langage Pascal dont il reprend bon nombre de principes. Modula est un langage de programmation compil\u00E9, proc\u00E9dural, fortement typ\u00E9, modulaire, facile \u00E0 lire et \u00E0 apprendre. Il est con\u00E7u pour enseigner la programmation et faciliter le d\u00E9veloppement des projets de grande ampleur. Par rapport \u00E0 Pascal, il ajoute : Wirth a d\u00E9clar\u00E9 que ce langage \u00E9tait \u00AB celui qu'il aurait aim\u00E9 concevoir quand il avait con\u00E7u Pascal \u00BB."@fr . . . "1116331109"^^ . "Modula est un langage de programmation cr\u00E9\u00E9 en 1977 par Niklaus Wirth \u00E0 l'\u00C9cole polytechnique f\u00E9d\u00E9rale de Zurich. Sa syntaxe est une am\u00E9lioration de celle du langage Pascal dont il reprend bon nombre de principes. Modula est un langage de programmation compil\u00E9, proc\u00E9dural, fortement typ\u00E9, modulaire, facile \u00E0 lire et \u00E0 apprendre. Il est con\u00E7u pour enseigner la programmation et faciliter le d\u00E9veloppement des projets de grande ampleur. Par rapport \u00E0 Pascal, il ajoute : \n* l'encapsulation en modules \u2014 d'o\u00F9 le nom du langage, \n* la notion d'interface, de biblioth\u00E8que, d'unit\u00E9 de compilation ; avec celle-ci, la programmation de haut et de \u00AB bas niveau \u00BB (permettant la d\u00E9finition de primitives ou fonctions de base au niveau le plus physique). \n* la programmation concurrente et une bien meilleure portabilit\u00E9. En r\u00E9sum\u00E9, Modula-2 est plus puissant et plus complet que Pascal. La modularit\u00E9 \u00E9tant mieux con\u00E7ue et trait\u00E9e qu'en C, Modula-2 s'av\u00E8re plus fiable dans les grosses applications. Wirth a d\u00E9clar\u00E9 que ce langage \u00E9tait \u00AB celui qu'il aurait aim\u00E9 concevoir quand il avait con\u00E7u Pascal \u00BB."@fr . "Modula-2 \u00E8 un linguaggio di programmazione general-purpose creato da Niklaus Wirth ed \u00E8 il diretto successore di Pascal. Modula-2 corregge i problemi e le ambiguit\u00E0 del suo predecessore. Tra le caratteristiche principali vi \u00E8 il concetto di modulo, ossia di un'unit\u00E0 logica che incapsula al suo interno dati e procedure, limitandone la visibilit\u00E0 all'esterno. Questo permette una migliore organizzazione del programma (cfr. programmazione modulare). Essendo un linguaggio tipizzato non ammette conversioni implicite fra tipi di dati diversi, come per esempio REAL e INTEGER, e ci vuole una funzione di conversione apposita. I linguaggi fortemente tipizzati producono un codice pi\u00F9 corretto e per questo motivo sono i linguaggi pi\u00F9 utilizzati nel settore mission-critical come ad esempio l'aerospaziale e il nucleare. Dato che in tempi passati non vi era un set standard di librerie ogni produttore offriva il proprio, come ad esempio Logitech e TopSpeed, e vi erano grossi problemi nella migrazione del software da un sistema all'altro. Lo standard ISO promise di risolvere questi problemi ma usc\u00EC troppo tardi e i produttori di compilatori persero interesse nel linguaggio Modula-2. Molti utenti e societ\u00E0 spostarono il loro ambiente di sviluppo in versioni modificate del predecessore come Turbo Pascal o il pi\u00F9 nuovo Delphi. Per questo motivo oggi \u00E8 largamente sconosciuto.Tuttavia, Modula-2 sta riemergendo gradualmente in questi ultimi anni grazie alla nascita del compilatore open source GNU Modula-2."@it . . . . . . . "Modula 2 \u2013 j\u0119zyk programowania wysokiego poziomu stworzony przez Niklausa Wirtha."@pl . . . . . . . . "Modula-2 is een programmeertaal die in 1978 werd ontwikkeld aan het instituut ETH Z\u00FCrich (Eidgen\u00F6ssische Technische Hochschule Z\u00FCrich) door Niklaus Wirth. De naam verwijst naar een eerder ontwikkelde programmeertaal die gewoon Modula heette."@nl . . . . . . "Modula-3, Oberon, Ada, Fortran 90, Lua, Seed7, Zonnon, Modula-GM"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Modula-2\uFF08\u30E2\u30B8\u30E5\u30E9\u30FB\u30C4\u30FC\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30B3\u30F3\u30D4\u30E5\u30FC\u30BF\u306E\u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30DF\u30F3\u30B0\u8A00\u8A9E\u306E\u4E00\u7A2E\u3067\u30011978\u5E74\u9803\u306B\u30C1\u30E5\u30FC\u30EA\u30C3\u30D2\u5DE5\u79D1\u5927\u5B66\u306E\u30CB\u30AF\u30E9\u30A6\u30B9\u30FB\u30F4\u30A3\u30EB\u30C8\u306B\u3088\u308A\u3001\u5148\u7ACB\u3063\u3066\u69CB\u60F3\u3055\u308C\u305F\u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30DF\u30F3\u30B0\u8A00\u8A9E\u300C\u300D\u306E\u5F8C\u7D99\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5275\u6848\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u6C4E\u7528\u624B\u7D9A\u304D\u578B\u8A00\u8A9E\u3067\u3001\u69CB\u6587\u306E\u591A\u304F\u306F\u540C\u69D8\u306B\u30F4\u30A3\u30EB\u30C8\u306E\u624B\u639B\u3051\u305FPascal\u8A00\u8A9E\u306B\u57FA\u3044\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3068\u306A\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u540D\u524D\u300CModula-2\u300D\u306F\u300C\u30E2\u30B8\u30E5\u30FC\u30EB\u306E\u300D\u3092\u610F\u5473\u3059\u308B\u82F1\u8A9E\u300Cmodular\u300D\u306B\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308B\u3002"@ja . . "Lilith"@en . . . . . . "Modula-2 \u00E9 uma linguagem de programa\u00E7\u00E3o projetada e criada por Niklaus Wirth no Instituto Federal de Tecnologia de Zurique (ETH), em torno de 1978."@pt . . . "Modula-2 es un lenguaje de programaci\u00F3n cuyo autor es Niklaus Wirth, autor tambi\u00E9n del lenguaje Pascal. Como novedad respecto a este \u00FAltimo lenguaje, introduce el concepto de m\u00F3dulo, y de encapsulaci\u00F3n. Del c\u00F3digo contenido en un m\u00F3dulo, s\u00F3lo se facilita una interfaz p\u00FAblica denominada m\u00F3dulo de definici\u00F3n, permaneciendo el resto oculto (encapsulado) para un desarrollador ajeno, lo que facilita el mantenimiento de dichas estructuras de programaci\u00F3n a la vez que imposibilita la modificaci\u00F3n de las mismas a cualquiera que no posea el c\u00F3digo de su m\u00F3dulo de implementaci\u00F3n. Este concepto de m\u00F3dulo constituye el antecedente de las clases u objetos que se observan en el concepto moderno de Programaci\u00F3n Orientada a Objetos (POO); sin embargo, la incapacidad de declarar m\u00FAltiples instancias de los m\u00F3dulos, as\u00ED como la ausencia de todo tipo de herencia, impiden afirmar que Modula-2 sea un lenguaje orientado a objetos propiamente dicho. Modula-2 se utiliza principalmente en las universidades por su excelente adaptaci\u00F3n a la ense\u00F1anza de lenguajes estructurados, pero en el \u00E1mbito laboral su difusi\u00F3n ha sido escasa frente al predominio de C, lo que ha contribuido a crear un distanciamiento entre universidad y mercado laboral. Existen compiladores de Modula-2 como o GNU Modula-2 (para GNU/Linux y resto de sistemas soportados por GCC), (para MS-DOS) o (para Windows) entre otros."@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Modula-2 \u00E4r ett programspr\u00E5k konstruerat av professorn i datalogi Niklaus Wirth vid ETH runt 1978, som uppf\u00F6ljare till Modula, ett annat av hans programspr\u00E5k (som dock aldrig implementerades). Modula-2 \u00E4r l\u00F6st baserat p\u00E5 programspr\u00E5ket fr\u00E5n Xerox, som Wirth s\u00E5g under sitt \u00E5r p\u00E5 Xerox PARC 1976."@sv . ".mod, .m2, .def, .MOD, .DEF, .mi, .md"@en . . . . . . . . . "Modula-2"@cs . . . . . . . . . . . "Modula-2"@sv . . "PIM2, PIM3, PIM4, ISO"@en . . . . "Modula-2 ist eine 1978 entstandene Weiterentwicklung der Programmiersprache Pascal und wurde wie diese von Niklaus Wirth entwickelt. Hauptkennzeichen von Modula-2 sind die Sprachmerkmale zur Modularisierung von Programmen. Modula-2 selbst diente sp\u00E4ter als Vorlage f\u00FCr die Programmiersprache Oberon."@de . . . . . . "Modula-2"@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Modula-2"@pl . . . . "Modula-2 \u00E9 uma linguagem de programa\u00E7\u00E3o projetada e criada por Niklaus Wirth no Instituto Federal de Tecnologia de Zurique (ETH), em torno de 1978."@pt . . . . . "\u041C\u043E\u0301\u0434\u0443\u043B\u0430-2 (Modula-2) \u2014 \u044F\u0437\u044B\u043A \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0430\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044F \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043C \u041F\u0430\u0441\u043A\u0430\u043B\u044F, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u041D\u0438\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0443\u0441\u043E\u043C \u0412\u0438\u0440\u0442\u043E\u043C \u0432 1978 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443."@ru . "Modula-2 is een programmeertaal die in 1978 werd ontwikkeld aan het instituut ETH Z\u00FCrich (Eidgen\u00F6ssische Technische Hochschule Z\u00FCrich) door Niklaus Wirth. De naam verwijst naar een eerder ontwikkelde programmeertaal die gewoon Modula heette."@nl . . . . . . . . "\u041C\u043E\u0434\u0443\u043B\u0430-2"@ru . . . "Modula-2"@it . . . "Modula-2 ist eine 1978 entstandene Weiterentwicklung der Programmiersprache Pascal und wurde wie diese von Niklaus Wirth entwickelt. Hauptkennzeichen von Modula-2 sind die Sprachmerkmale zur Modularisierung von Programmen. Modula-2 selbst diente sp\u00E4ter als Vorlage f\u00FCr die Programmiersprache Oberon."@de . . . . . . . . .