. . "Superficie di Marte"@it . "PIA16226-MarsCuriosityRover-FirstScoopOfSoil-20121007.jpg"@en . . . . . . . "1119948480"^^ . . . . . . . "2012-11-18"^^ . "210"^^ . . . . . . . "Locations of Opportunity and Curiosity rovers are noted"@en . . "49609"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "200"^^ . . . "Dust devils in Valles Marineris"@en . . . . . . . "center"@en . . . "El suelo marciano es la capa superficial de fino regolito que se encuentra en la superficie de Marte."@es . . "El suelo marciano es la capa superficial de fino regolito que se encuentra en la superficie de Marte."@es . "250"^^ . . . "Suelo marciano"@es . . "\u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E \u0647\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062E\u0631\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0642\u064A\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062C\u0648\u062F \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062D \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E. \u064A\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062A\u062E\u062A\u0644\u0641 \u062E\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064A\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062E\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0645\u064A\u062A\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u062C\u0648\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0631\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0641\u064A\u0647. \u064A\u0634\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E \u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629\u064B \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0642\u064A\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062E\u0631\u064A. \u062D\u062A\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060C \u0644\u0645 \u062A\u062A\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0623\u064A \u0639\u064A\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E\u064A\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060C \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0647\u062F\u0641 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0639\u064A\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E \u062F\u064F\u0631\u0633\u062A \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064F\u0639\u062F \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062C\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062F\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0629."@ar . . "PIA16454 Regional Dust Storm Weakening, Nov. 25, 2012.jpg"@en . . . . . . . "21025499"^^ . . . . "150"^^ . . "S\u00F2l de Mart"@ca . . . . . "\u041C\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0456\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Martian soil) \u2014 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043D\u0456 \u041C\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0430."@uk . "First use of the Curiosity rover's scooper as it sifts a load of sand at \"Rocknest\" ."@en . . "horizontal"@en . . . . "Dust storms on Mars"@en . . . "\u041C\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0456\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438"@uk . . "Martian soil is the fine regolith (a blanket of unconsolidated, loose, heterogeneous superficial deposits covering solid rock) found on the surface of Mars. Its properties can differ significantly from those of terrestrial soil, including its toxicity due to the presence of perchlorates. The term Martian soil typically refers to the finer fraction of regolith. So far, no samples have been returned to Earth, the goal of a Mars sample-return mission, but the soil has been studied remotely with the use of Mars rovers and Mars orbiters. On Earth, the term \"soil\" usually includes organic content. In contrast, planetary scientists adopt a functional definition of soil to distinguish it from rocks. Rocks generally refer to 10 cm scale and larger materials (e.g., fragments, breccia, and exposed outcrops) with high thermal inertia, with areal fractions consistent with the Viking Infrared Thermal Mapper (IRTM) data, and immobile under current aeolian (wind) conditions. Consequently, rocks classify as grains exceeding the size of cobbles on the Wentworth scale. This approach enables agreement across Martian remote sensing methods that span the electromagnetic spectrum from gamma to radio waves. \u2018\u2018Soil\u2019\u2019 refers to all other, typically unconsolidated, material including those sufficiently fine-grained to be mobilized by wind. Soil consequently encompasses a variety of regolith components identified at landing sites. Typical examples include: bedform (a feature that develops at the interface of fluid and a moveable bed such as ripples and dunes), clasts (fragments of pre-existing minerals and rock such as sediment deposits), concretions, drift, dust, rocky fragments, and sand. The functional definition reinforces a recently proposed generic definition of soil on terrestrial bodies (including asteroids and satellites) as an unconsolidated and chemically weathered surficial layer of fine-grained mineral or organic material exceeding centimeter scale thickness, with or without coarse elements and cemented portions. Martian dust generally connotes even finer materials than Martian soil, the fraction which is less than 30 micrometres in diameter. Disagreement over the significance of soil's definition arises due to the lack of an integrated concept of soil in the literature. The pragmatic definition \"medium for plant growth\" has been commonly adopted in the planetary science community but a more complex definition describes soil as \"(bio)geochemically/physically altered material at the surface of a planetary body that encompasses surficial extraterrestrial telluric deposits.\" This definition emphasizes that soil is a body that retains information about its environmental history and that does not need the presence of life to form."@en . . . "El s\u00F2l de Mart \u00E9s la regolita que es troba a la superf\u00EDcie de Mart. Les seves propietats poden diferir significativament de les del s\u00F2l terrestre, inclosa la seva toxicitat a causa de la pres\u00E8ncia de perclorats. El terme s\u00F2l marci\u00E0 normalment es refereix a la part m\u00E9s fina de la regolita. Fins ara, no s\u2019han retornat mostres a la Terra, tot i que existeix una missi\u00F3 amb aquest prop\u00F2sit, per\u00F2 el s\u00F2l s\u2019ha estudiat remotament amb l\u2019\u00FAs d'astrom\u00F2bils i . A la Terra, el terme \"s\u00F2l\" sol incloure contingut org\u00E0nic, per\u00F2 els cient\u00EDfics planetaris adopten una definici\u00F3 funcional del concepte s\u00F2l per distingir-lo de les roques. Les roques es refereixen generalment a materials de m\u00E9s de 10cm amb una in\u00E8rcia t\u00E8rmica elevada i imm\u00F2bils. En conseq\u00FC\u00E8ncia, les roques es classifiquen com a grans que superen la mida de les cobble a l'escala de Wentworth. Aquest enfocament permet l'acord entre els m\u00E8todes de teledetecci\u00F3 marci\u00E0 que abasten l'espectre electromagn\u00E8tic des de les ones gamma fins a les r\u00E0dios. \"S\u00F2l\" es refereix a tots els altres materials, t\u00EDpicament no consolidats, inclosos els de gra prou fi per ser moguts pel vent. En conseq\u00FC\u00E8ncia, el s\u00F2l compr\u00E8n una gran varietat de components com la pols, fragments rocosos i sorra. La definici\u00F3 funcional refor\u00E7a una definici\u00F3 gen\u00E8rica del s\u00F2l recentment proposada en cossos terrestres (inclosos asteroides i sat\u00E8l\u00B7lits) com una capa superficial no consolidada i resistida qu\u00EDmicament de material mineral o org\u00E0nic de gra fi que supera el gruix de l'escala dels cent\u00EDmetres, amb o sense elements gruixuts i porcions cimentades. La pols marciana es refereix a fraccions de meny de 30 micr\u00F2metres de di\u00E0metre. El desacord sobre la import\u00E0ncia de la definici\u00F3 del s\u00F2l sorgeix a causa de la manca d\u2019un concepte integrat de s\u00F2l a la literatura. La definici\u00F3 pragm\u00E0tica \"mitj\u00E0 per al creixement de les plantes\" s'ha adoptat habitualment a la comunitat de ci\u00E8ncies planet\u00E0ries, per\u00F2 una definici\u00F3 m\u00E9s complexa descriu el s\u00F2l com \"material (bio) alterat geoqu\u00EDmicament o geof\u00EDsicament a la superf\u00EDcie d'un cos planetari que engloba extraterrestres superficials\". Aquesta definici\u00F3 subratlla que el s\u00F2l \u00E9s un cos que conserva informaci\u00F3 sobre la seva hist\u00F2ria ambiental i que no necessita la pres\u00E8ncia de vida per formar-se."@ca . . . . . . . . . . . "PIA16450-MarsDustStorm-20121118.jpg"@en . . . . "El s\u00F2l de Mart \u00E9s la regolita que es troba a la superf\u00EDcie de Mart. Les seves propietats poden diferir significativament de les del s\u00F2l terrestre, inclosa la seva toxicitat a causa de la pres\u00E8ncia de perclorats. El terme s\u00F2l marci\u00E0 normalment es refereix a la part m\u00E9s fina de la regolita. Fins ara, no s\u2019han retornat mostres a la Terra, tot i que existeix una missi\u00F3 amb aquest prop\u00F2sit, per\u00F2 el s\u00F2l s\u2019ha estudiat remotament amb l\u2019\u00FAs d'astrom\u00F2bils i ."@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . "left"@en . . . . "175"^^ . "PIA20045-Mars-DustDevils-20151105.jpg"@en . "--06-06"^^ . . "Martian Dust Devil Trails.jpg"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E"@ar . "center"@en . . . . . . . "Dust devil on Mars"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Martian soil is the fine regolith (a blanket of unconsolidated, loose, heterogeneous superficial deposits covering solid rock) found on the surface of Mars. Its properties can differ significantly from those of terrestrial soil, including its toxicity due to the presence of perchlorates. The term Martian soil typically refers to the finer fraction of regolith. So far, no samples have been returned to Earth, the goal of a Mars sample-return mission, but the soil has been studied remotely with the use of Mars rovers and Mars orbiters."@en . . . "\u706B\u661F\u571F\u58E4\uFF08Martian soil\uFF09\u662F\u5728\u706B\u661F\u8868\u9762\u53D1\u73B0\u7684\u7EC6\u7C92\u8868\u5CA9\u5C51\uFF0C\u5B83\u7684\u7279\u6027\u53EF\u80FD\u4E0E\u5730\u7403\u571F\u58E4\u7684\u7279\u6027\u6709\u660E\u663E\u5DEE\u5F02\uFF0C\u5305\u62EC\u56E0\u9AD8\u6C2F\u9178\u76D0\u7684\u5B58\u5728\u800C\u4EA7\u751F\u7684\u6BD2\u6027\u3002\u201C\u706B\u661F\u571F\u58E4\u201D\u8FD9\u4E00\u672F\u8BED\u901A\u5E38\u6307\u66F4\u7EC6\u7684\u8868\u5CA9\u5C51\uFF0C\u5230\u76EE\u524D\u4E3A\u6B62\uFF0C\u8FD8\u6CA1\u6709\u91C7\u96C6\u7684\u6837\u672C\u88AB\u53D1\u56DE\u5730\u7403\uFF0C\u8FD9\u5C06\u662F\u706B\u661F\u91C7\u6837\u8FD4\u56DE\u4EFB\u52A1\u7684\u76EE\u6807\uFF0C\u4F46\u76EE\u524D\u5DF2\u901A\u8FC7\u706B\u661F\u8F66\u548C\u8F68\u9053\u5668\u5BF9\u706B\u661F\u571F\u58E4\u8FDB\u884C\u4E86\u8FDC\u7A0B\u7814\u7A76\u3002 \u5728\u5730\u7403\u4E0A\uFF0C\u201C\u571F\u58E4\u201D\u4E00\u8BCD\u901A\u5E38\u542B\u6709\u6709\u673A\u6210\u5206\u3002\u76F8\u6BD4\u4E4B\u4E0B\uFF0C\u884C\u661F\u79D1\u5B66\u5BB6\u91C7\u7528\u4E86\u571F\u58E4\u7684\u529F\u80FD\u5B9A\u4E49\u6765\u5C06\u5B83\u4EEC\u4E0E\u5CA9\u77F3\u533A\u5206\u5F00\u6765\u3002\u5CA9\u77F3\u901A\u5E38\u662F\u6307\u5177\u6709\u9AD8\u70ED\u60EF\u6027\u7684 10 \u5398\u7C73\u5927\u5C0F\u548C\u66F4\u5927\u6750\u6599\uFF08\u5982\u788E\u5757\u3001\u89D2\u783E\u5CA9\u548C\u88F8\u9732\u7684\u9732\u5934\uFF09\uFF0C\u5176\u9762\u79EF\u5206\u91CF\u4E0E\u6D77\u76D7\u53F7\u7EA2\u5916\u70ED\u6210\u50CF\u4EEA (IRTM) \u6570\u636E\u4E00\u81F4\uFF0C\u4E14\u5728\u5F53\u524D\u98CE\u6210\u6761\u4EF6\u4E0B\u4E0D\u53EF\u79FB\u52A8\u3002\u56E0\u6B64\uFF0C\u5CA9\u77F3\u88AB\u5F52\u7C7B\u4E3A\u8D85\u8FC7\u6E29\u6C0F\u5206\u7EA7\u8868\u4E0A\u9E45\u5375\u77F3\u5927\u5C0F\u7684\u9897\u7C92\u3002 \u8FD9\u4E00\u65B9\u6CD5\u4F7F\u5F97\u706B\u661F\u9065\u611F\u80FD\u5728\u4ECE\u4F3D\u9A6C\u5C04\u7EBF\u5230\u65E0\u7EBF\u7535\u6CE2\u8303\u56F4\u5185\u7684\u7535\u78C1\u9891\u8C31\u4FDD\u6301\u4E00\u81F4\u3002\u201C\u571F\u58E4\u201D\u4E00\u822C\u662F\u6307\u5176\u4ED6\u6240\u6709\u677E\u6563\u672A\u56FA\u7ED3\u3001\u80FD\u88AB\u98CE\u522E\u8D77\u7684\u7EC6\u7C92\u7269\u8D28\u3002\u56E0\u6B64\uFF0C\u571F\u58E4\u5305\u62EC\u4E86\u5728\u7740\u9646\u70B9\u8BC6\u522B\u5230\u7684\u5404\u79CD\u8868\u5CA9\u5C51\u6210\u5206\uFF0C\u5178\u578B\u7684\u79CD\u7C7B\u5305\u62EC\uFF1A\u5E95\u5E8A\u6C89\u79EF\u5C42\uFF08bedform armor\uFF09\u3001\u5CA9\u7C92\u3001\u7ED3\u6838\u3001\u6F02\u79FB\u7269\u3001\u5C18\u57C3\u3001\u5CA9\u77F3\u788E\u5C51\u548C\u6C99\u5B50\u3002\u529F\u80FD\u5B9A\u4E49\u5F3A\u5316\u4E86\u6700\u8FD1\u63D0\u51FA\u7684\u4E00\u79CD\u7C7B\u5730\u5929\u4F53\uFF08\u5305\u62EC\u5C0F\u884C\u661F\u548C\u536B\u661F\uFF09\u571F\u58E4\u7684\u901A\u7528\u5B9A\u4E49\uFF0C\u5373\u4E00\u79CD\u677E\u6563\u3001\u5316\u5B66\u98CE\u5316\u7684\u7EC6\u7C92\u77FF\u7269\u6216\u6709\u673A\u6750\u8D28\u8868\u5C42\uFF0C\u539A\u5EA6\u8D85\u8FC7\u5398\u7C73\u7EA7\uFF0C\u542B\u6709\u6216\u4E0D\u542B\u7C97\u7CD9\u6210\u5206\u548C\u80F6\u7ED3\u90E8\u5206\u3002"@zh . . "2012-11-25"^^ . . "Serpent Dust Devil of Mars"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Le sol martien est la fine couche de r\u00E9golithe (partie du sol recouvrant la roche m\u00E8re) trouv\u00E9e \u00E0 la surface de Mars. Ses propri\u00E9t\u00E9s diff\u00E8rent significativement du sol terrestre. Sur Terre, le terme \"sol\" renvoie g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement \u00E0 la pr\u00E9sence de mati\u00E8re organique. Les plan\u00E9tologues utilisent une d\u00E9finition fonctionnelle du sol pour le distinguer des roches. Les roches font, de mani\u00E8re g\u00E9n\u00E9rale, r\u00E9f\u00E9rence aux \u00E9l\u00E9ments de 10 cm d'\u00E9chelle et plus (par exemple des fragments, de la br\u00E8che et des affleurements). Par cons\u00E9quent, \u2018\u2018sol\u2019\u2019 fait r\u00E9f\u00E9rence \u00E0 toutes les particules plus petites, g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement non consolid\u00E9es, incluant celles suffisamment fines pour \u00EAtre soulev\u00E9es par le vent."@fr . . . . "Martian soil"@en . . . . . . "PIA22329-Mars-DustStorm-20180606.jpg"@en . "\u706B\u661F\u571F\u58E4\uFF08Martian soil\uFF09\u662F\u5728\u706B\u661F\u8868\u9762\u53D1\u73B0\u7684\u7EC6\u7C92\u8868\u5CA9\u5C51\uFF0C\u5B83\u7684\u7279\u6027\u53EF\u80FD\u4E0E\u5730\u7403\u571F\u58E4\u7684\u7279\u6027\u6709\u660E\u663E\u5DEE\u5F02\uFF0C\u5305\u62EC\u56E0\u9AD8\u6C2F\u9178\u76D0\u7684\u5B58\u5728\u800C\u4EA7\u751F\u7684\u6BD2\u6027\u3002\u201C\u706B\u661F\u571F\u58E4\u201D\u8FD9\u4E00\u672F\u8BED\u901A\u5E38\u6307\u66F4\u7EC6\u7684\u8868\u5CA9\u5C51\uFF0C\u5230\u76EE\u524D\u4E3A\u6B62\uFF0C\u8FD8\u6CA1\u6709\u91C7\u96C6\u7684\u6837\u672C\u88AB\u53D1\u56DE\u5730\u7403\uFF0C\u8FD9\u5C06\u662F\u706B\u661F\u91C7\u6837\u8FD4\u56DE\u4EFB\u52A1\u7684\u76EE\u6807\uFF0C\u4F46\u76EE\u524D\u5DF2\u901A\u8FC7\u706B\u661F\u8F66\u548C\u8F68\u9053\u5668\u5BF9\u706B\u661F\u571F\u58E4\u8FDB\u884C\u4E86\u8FDC\u7A0B\u7814\u7A76\u3002 \u5728\u5730\u7403\u4E0A\uFF0C\u201C\u571F\u58E4\u201D\u4E00\u8BCD\u901A\u5E38\u542B\u6709\u6709\u673A\u6210\u5206\u3002\u76F8\u6BD4\u4E4B\u4E0B\uFF0C\u884C\u661F\u79D1\u5B66\u5BB6\u91C7\u7528\u4E86\u571F\u58E4\u7684\u529F\u80FD\u5B9A\u4E49\u6765\u5C06\u5B83\u4EEC\u4E0E\u5CA9\u77F3\u533A\u5206\u5F00\u6765\u3002\u5CA9\u77F3\u901A\u5E38\u662F\u6307\u5177\u6709\u9AD8\u70ED\u60EF\u6027\u7684 10 \u5398\u7C73\u5927\u5C0F\u548C\u66F4\u5927\u6750\u6599\uFF08\u5982\u788E\u5757\u3001\u89D2\u783E\u5CA9\u548C\u88F8\u9732\u7684\u9732\u5934\uFF09\uFF0C\u5176\u9762\u79EF\u5206\u91CF\u4E0E\u6D77\u76D7\u53F7\u7EA2\u5916\u70ED\u6210\u50CF\u4EEA (IRTM) \u6570\u636E\u4E00\u81F4\uFF0C\u4E14\u5728\u5F53\u524D\u98CE\u6210\u6761\u4EF6\u4E0B\u4E0D\u53EF\u79FB\u52A8\u3002\u56E0\u6B64\uFF0C\u5CA9\u77F3\u88AB\u5F52\u7C7B\u4E3A\u8D85\u8FC7\u6E29\u6C0F\u5206\u7EA7\u8868\u4E0A\u9E45\u5375\u77F3\u5927\u5C0F\u7684\u9897\u7C92\u3002 \u8FD9\u4E00\u65B9\u6CD5\u4F7F\u5F97\u706B\u661F\u9065\u611F\u80FD\u5728\u4ECE\u4F3D\u9A6C\u5C04\u7EBF\u5230\u65E0\u7EBF\u7535\u6CE2\u8303\u56F4\u5185\u7684\u7535\u78C1\u9891\u8C31\u4FDD\u6301\u4E00\u81F4\u3002\u201C\u571F\u58E4\u201D\u4E00\u822C\u662F\u6307\u5176\u4ED6\u6240\u6709\u677E\u6563\u672A\u56FA\u7ED3\u3001\u80FD\u88AB\u98CE\u522E\u8D77\u7684\u7EC6\u7C92\u7269\u8D28\u3002\u56E0\u6B64\uFF0C\u571F\u58E4\u5305\u62EC\u4E86\u5728\u7740\u9646\u70B9\u8BC6\u522B\u5230\u7684\u5404\u79CD\u8868\u5CA9\u5C51\u6210\u5206\uFF0C\u5178\u578B\u7684\u79CD\u7C7B\u5305\u62EC\uFF1A\u5E95\u5E8A\u6C89\u79EF\u5C42\uFF08bedform armor\uFF09\u3001\u5CA9\u7C92\u3001\u7ED3\u6838\u3001\u6F02\u79FB\u7269\u3001\u5C18\u57C3\u3001\u5CA9\u77F3\u788E\u5C51\u548C\u6C99\u5B50\u3002\u529F\u80FD\u5B9A\u4E49\u5F3A\u5316\u4E86\u6700\u8FD1\u63D0\u51FA\u7684\u4E00\u79CD\u7C7B\u5730\u5929\u4F53\uFF08\u5305\u62EC\u5C0F\u884C\u661F\u548C\u536B\u661F\uFF09\u571F\u58E4\u7684\u901A\u7528\u5B9A\u4E49\uFF0C\u5373\u4E00\u79CD\u677E\u6563\u3001\u5316\u5B66\u98CE\u5316\u7684\u7EC6\u7C92\u77FF\u7269\u6216\u6709\u673A\u6750\u8D28\u8868\u5C42\uFF0C\u539A\u5EA6\u8D85\u8FC7\u5398\u7C73\u7EA7\uFF0C\u542B\u6709\u6216\u4E0D\u542B\u7C97\u7CD9\u6210\u5206\u548C\u80F6\u7ED3\u90E8\u5206\u3002 \u706B\u661F\u5C18\u57C3\u901A\u5E38\u610F\u5473\u7740\u6BD4\u706B\u661F\u571F\u58E4\uFF08\u76F4\u5F84\u5C0F\u4E8E30\u5FAE\u7C73\u7684\u788E\u5C51\uFF09\u66F4\u7EC6\u7684\u7269\u8D28\uFF0C\u4F46\u7531\u4E8E\u76EE\u524D\u7684\u6587\u732E\u5C1A\u7F3A\u4E4F\u5B8C\u6574\u7684\u571F\u58E4\u6982\u5FF5\uFF0C\u56E0\u6B64\u5BF9\u571F\u58E4\u5B9A\u4E49\u7684\u610F\u4E49\u4ECD\u5B58\u5728\u5206\u6B67\u3002\u884C\u661F\u79D1\u5B66\u754C\u73B0\u5DF2\u666E\u904D\u91C7\u7528\u201C\u690D\u7269\u751F\u957F\u4ECB\u8D28\u201D\u8FD9\u4E00\u5B9E\u7528\u5B9A\u4E49\uFF0C\u4F46\u4E00\u79CD\u66F4\u590D\u6742\u7684\u5B9A\u4E49\u5C06\u571F\u58E4\u63CF\u8FF0\u4E3A\u884C\u661F\u4F53\u8868\u9762\u7684\u201C\uFF08\u751F\u7269\uFF09\u5730\u7403\u5316\u5B66/\u7269\u7406\u53D8\u5316\u7269\u8D28\uFF0C\u5176\u4E2D\u5305\u62EC\u5916\u661F\u5730\u8868\u7684\u5927\u5730\u6C89\u79EF\u7269\u201D\u3002\u8BE5\u5B9A\u4E49\u5F3A\u8C03\uFF0C\u571F\u58E4\u662F\u4E00\u79CD\u4FDD\u7559\u76F8\u5173\u73AF\u5883\u5386\u53F2\u4FE1\u606F\u7684\u7269\u4F53\uFF0C\u65E0\u9700\u751F\u547D\u7684\u5B58\u5728\u5C31\u53EF\u4EE5\u5F62\u6210\u3002"@zh . . "La superficie di Marte apparve sin dalle prime esplorazioni mediante sonde automatiche come complessa e geologicamente diversificata. Mentre l'emisfero sud \u00E8 ricoperto da vasti crateri e si eleva al di sopra del livello topografico di riferimento, l'emisfero nord \u00E8 scarsamente craterizzato e situato generalmente al di sotto di tale livello (che corrisponde per convenzione alla quota ove la pressione atmosferica vale 6,1 hPa)."@it . . . "Dust devils cause twisting dark trails on the Martian surface"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "La superficie di Marte apparve sin dalle prime esplorazioni mediante sonde automatiche come complessa e geologicamente diversificata. Mentre l'emisfero sud \u00E8 ricoperto da vasti crateri e si eleva al di sopra del livello topografico di riferimento, l'emisfero nord \u00E8 scarsamente craterizzato e situato generalmente al di sotto di tale livello (che corrisponde per convenzione alla quota ove la pressione atmosferica vale 6,1 hPa)."@it . . "\u706B\u661F\u571F\u58E4"@zh . "vertical"@en . . . . . "center"@en . . . . "\u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E \u0647\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062E\u0631\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0642\u064A\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062C\u0648\u062F \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062D \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E. \u064A\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062A\u062E\u062A\u0644\u0641 \u062E\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064A\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062E\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0645\u064A\u062A\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u062C\u0648\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0631\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0641\u064A\u0647. \u064A\u0634\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E \u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629\u064B \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0642\u064A\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062E\u0631\u064A. \u062D\u062A\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060C \u0644\u0645 \u062A\u062A\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0623\u064A \u0639\u064A\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E\u064A\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060C \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0647\u062F\u0641 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0639\u064A\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E \u062F\u064F\u0631\u0633\u062A \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064F\u0639\u062F \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062C\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062F\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060C \u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629\u064B \u0645\u0627 \u064A\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u00AB\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629\u00BB \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062D\u062A\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064A. \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060C \u064A\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u062A\u0639\u0631\u064A\u0641\u064B\u0627 \u0648\u0638\u064A\u0641\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062A\u0645\u064A\u064A\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062E\u0648\u0631. \u064A\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062E\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064B\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062F \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 10 \u0633\u0646\u062A\u064A\u0645\u062A\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062B\u0631 (\u0645\u062B\u0644\u064B\u0627\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0638\u0627\u064A\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062F\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0641\u0629) \u0630\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062A\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062D\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064A\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0623\u062F\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062E\u0637\u064A\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064A \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062A\u062D\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u064A\u0643\u0646\u063A (\u0622\u064A \u064A \u062A\u064A \u0625\u0645)\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0644\u0627 \u062A\u062A\u062D\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064A \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064A\u062D\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0627\u0644\u064A\u060C \u062A\u064F\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062E\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062D\u0628\u064A\u0628\u0627\u062A \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0635\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064A\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u064A\u0646\u062A\u0648\u0648\u0631\u062B. \u064A\u062A\u064A\u062D \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062C \u062A\u0648\u062D\u064A\u062F \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063A\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064A\u0633\u064A \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062C\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u062C\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062F\u064A\u0648. \u064A\u0634\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u00AB\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629\u00BB \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062C\u0645\u064A\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062E\u0631\u0649\u060C \u063A\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062F\u0645\u062C\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629\u064B\u060C \u0630\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0628\u064A\u0628\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0642\u064A\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062F\u0631\u062C\u0629 \u062A\u0633\u0645\u062D \u0644\u0644\u0631\u064A\u0627\u062D \u0628\u062A\u062D\u0631\u064A\u0643\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062A\u0627\u0644\u064A \u062A\u0634\u062A\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062C\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062A\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062E\u0631\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u064F\u062D\u062F\u062F \u0641\u064A \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064A\u0629. \u062A\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062B\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062C\u064A\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062E\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062A\u0627\u062A\u064A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062C\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062C\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063A\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0638\u0627\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062E\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0644. \u064A\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0639\u0631\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064A\u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0639\u0631\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u0627\u0642\u062A\u064F\u0631\u062D \u0645\u0624\u062E\u0631\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062C\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064A\u0629 (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064A\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064A\u0629) \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062D\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u062A\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062A\u062C\u0648\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064A\u0645\u064A\u0627\u0626\u064A\u0629 \u063A\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u062F\u0645\u062C\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064A\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062F\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0628\u064A\u0628\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0642\u064A\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u062A\u062C\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u062A\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062A\u064A\u0645\u062A\u0631\u060C \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u062F\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062E\u0634\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062A\u062D\u062C\u0631\u0629. \u064A\u0634\u064A\u0631 \u063A\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064B\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062F \u062F\u0642\u064A\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062F\u0631\u062C\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064A\u062E\u060C \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u064A\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 30 \u0645\u064A\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062A\u0631. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062E\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062D\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u062A\u0639\u0631\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u062F\u0645 \u0648\u062C\u0648\u062F \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062A\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062A\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062D\u0627\u062B \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0629. \u0627\u0639\u062A\u064F\u0645\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0639\u0631\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062F\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064A \u00AB\u0648\u0633\u064A\u0637 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062A\u00BB \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064A \u0645\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u060C \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062A\u0639\u0631\u064A\u0641\u064B\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062B\u0631 \u062A\u0639\u0642\u064A\u062F\u064B\u0627 \u064A\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u00AB\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062F \u0645\u064F\u0639\u062F\u0644\u0629 \u062D\u064A\u0648\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u062C\u064A\u0648\u0643\u064A\u0645\u064A\u0627\u0626\u064A\u064B\u0627/\u0641\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0627\u0626\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062D \u062C\u0631\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064A \u064A\u062D\u062A\u0648\u064A \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062A\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0648\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u062E\u0627\u0631\u062C \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u00BB. \u064A\u0624\u0643\u062F \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0639\u0631\u064A\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u064A \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062F \u062A\u062D\u062A\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062A \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0627\u0631\u064A\u062E \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0626\u064A \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062A\u062D\u062A\u0627\u062C \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062C\u0648\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062D\u064A\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062A\u0634\u0643\u064A\u0644\u0647\u0627."@ar . . "center"@en . . . . "PIA16225-MarsCuriosityRover-ScooperTest-20121008.jpg"@en . . "\u041C\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0456\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Martian soil) \u2014 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043D\u0456 \u041C\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0430."@uk . . . . "The Serpent Dust Devil on Mars PIA15116.jpg"@en . "dust.devil.mars.arp.750pix.jpg"@en . "Le sol martien est la fine couche de r\u00E9golithe (partie du sol recouvrant la roche m\u00E8re) trouv\u00E9e \u00E0 la surface de Mars. Ses propri\u00E9t\u00E9s diff\u00E8rent significativement du sol terrestre. Sur Terre, le terme \"sol\" renvoie g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement \u00E0 la pr\u00E9sence de mati\u00E8re organique. Les plan\u00E9tologues utilisent une d\u00E9finition fonctionnelle du sol pour le distinguer des roches. Les roches font, de mani\u00E8re g\u00E9n\u00E9rale, r\u00E9f\u00E9rence aux \u00E9l\u00E9ments de 10 cm d'\u00E9chelle et plus (par exemple des fragments, de la br\u00E8che et des affleurements). Par cons\u00E9quent, \u2018\u2018sol\u2019\u2019 fait r\u00E9f\u00E9rence \u00E0 toutes les particules plus petites, g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement non consolid\u00E9es, incluant celles suffisamment fines pour \u00EAtre soulev\u00E9es par le vent."@fr . "Sol martien"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .