@prefix rdf: . @prefix dbr: . @prefix dbo: . dbr:Huns rdf:type dbo:Country . @prefix yago: . dbr:Huns rdf:type yago:WikicatAncientPeoples , yago:AdministrativeDistrict108491826 . @prefix owl: . dbr:Huns rdf:type owl:Thing , yago:WikicatAncientPeoplesOfRussia , yago:Genealogy108102402 , yago:WikicatTurkicPeoples , yago:Country108544813 , yago:WikicatTurkicDynasties , yago:SocialGroup107950920 , yago:Location100027167 , dbo:Band , yago:Domain108556491 , dbo:PopulatedPlace , yago:Object100002684 , yago:PhysicalEntity100001930 , yago:District108552138 , yago:Family107970721 , yago:Region108630985 , yago:WikicatNomadicGroupsInEurasia , yago:Kin107969695 , yago:WikicatEthnicGroups , yago:Event100029378 , yago:Act100030358 , yago:Empire108557482 , yago:People107942152 , yago:Battle100953559 , yago:GroupAction101080366 , yago:Group100031264 , yago:MilitaryAction100952963 , yago:Dynasty107971582 , yago:YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity , yago:Abstraction100002137 , yago:YagoLegalActorGeo , yago:YagoGeoEntity , dbo:Place . @prefix schema: . dbr:Huns rdf:type schema:Place , dbo:Location , yago:PsychologicalFeature100023100 , yago:WikicatFormerCountriesInEurope . @prefix wikidata: . dbr:Huns rdf:type wikidata:Q6256 . @prefix umbel-rc: . dbr:Huns rdf:type umbel-rc:Country , schema:Country , yago:WikicatFormerEmpires , yago:WikicatFormerEmpiresOfAsia , yago:WikicatFormerEmpiresOfEurope , yago:EthnicGroup107967382 , yago:Lineage108101937 , yago:WikicatBattlesInvolvingTheHuns . @prefix rdfs: . dbr:Huns rdfs:label "\u30D5\u30F3\u65CF"@ja , "Huns"@en , "Hunaigh"@ga , "Hunos"@es , "Hunos"@pt , "Hunowie"@pl , "\uD6C8\uC871"@ko , "Unni"@it , "Hunnen"@de , "Huno"@eu , "Hunoj"@eo , "\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0646"@ar , "Huns"@fr , "Hunnen"@nl , "Hunner"@sv , "\u0413\u0443\u043D\u0438"@uk , "Huns"@ca , "Hun"@in , "\u5308\u4EBA"@zh , "Hunov\u00E9"@cs , "\u039F\u03CD\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9"@el , "\u0413\u0443\u043D\u043D\u044B"@ru ; rdfs:comment "\uD6C8\uC871(-\u65CF, Huns)\uC740 4-6\uC138\uAE30 \uC911\uC559 \uC544\uC2DC\uC544\uC640 \uCF54\uCE74\uC11C\uC2A4\uC5D0 \uC874\uC7AC\uD558\uB358 \uBBFC\uC871\uC73C\uB85C, \uD280\uB974\uD06C \uACC4\uC5F4\uB85C \uCD94\uC815\uB418\uB294 \uC720\uBAA9\uBBFC\uC871\uC774\uB2E4.\uC720\uB7FD\uC758 \uC804\uC2B9\uC5D0 \uB530\uB974\uBA74, \uD6C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC740 \uB2F9\uC2DC\uC5D0 \uC2A4\uD0A4\uD2F0\uC544\uB77C\uACE0 \uC54C\uB824\uC9C4 \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC758 \uC77C\uBD80\uC600\uB358 \uBCFC\uAC00\uAC15 \uB3D9\uCABD\uC5D0\uC11C \uC0B4\uACE0 \uC788\uC5C8\uB358 \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uCC98\uC74C \uAE30\uB85D\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC758 \uC815\uCC29\uC740 \uC778\uB3C4\uC774\uB780\uC778 \uACC4\uC5F4 \uBBFC\uC871\uC778 \uC54C\uB77C\uB2C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC758 \uC11C\uCABD\uC73C\uB85C \uC774\uC8FC\uC5D0\uB3C4 \uAD00\uB828\uC774 \uC788\uB2E4. 370\uB144\uC5D0, \uD6C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC740 \uBCFC\uAC00\uAC15\uC5D0 \uC774\uB974\uB800\uACE0, \uB85C\uB9C8 \uC81C\uAD6D\uC758 \uAD6D\uACBD \uBC16\uC5D0 \uC0B4\uACE0 \uC788\uB358 \uACE0\uD2B8\uC871\uACFC \uB2E4\uB978 \uAC8C\uB974\uB9CC\uC871\uB4E4\uC744 \uC815\uBCF5\uD558\uACE0, \uB9CE\uC740 \uAC8C\uB974\uB9CC\uC871\uB4E4\uC744 \uB85C\uB9C8 \uC601\uD1A0\uB85C \uB3C4\uB9DD\uCE58\uAC8C \uD55C, \uC774\uB4E4\uC740 430\uB144\uC5D0 \uBE44\uB85D \uC9E7\uC740 \uAE30\uAC04\uC774\uAE34 \uD558\uC9C0\uB9CC \uC720\uB7FD\uC5D0 \uAC70\uB300\uD55C \uC601\uD1A0\uB97C \uC138\uC6E0\uB2E4. \uD2B9\uD788\uB098 \uC544\uD2F8\uB77C \uC655\uC758 \uC9C0\uB3C4\uD558\uC5D0\uC11C, \uD6C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC740 \uB3D9\uB85C\uB9C8 \uC81C\uAD6D\uC5D0 \uC7A6\uACE0 \uD30C\uAD34\uC801\uC778 \uC57D\uD0C8\uC744 \uBC8C\uC600\uB2E4. 451\uB144\uC5D0\uB294 \uC11C\uB85C\uB9C8 \uC81C\uAD6D\uC758 \uAC08\uB9AC\uC544 \uC18D\uC8FC\uB97C \uCE68\uC785\uD558\uC5EC, \uCE74\uD0C8\uB77C\uC6B0\uB214 \uC804\uD22C\uC5D0\uC11C \uB85C\uB9C8\uC640 \uC11C\uACE0\uD2B8 \uC5F0\uD569\uAD70\uACFC \uAD50\uC804\uD588\uC73C\uBA70, 452\uB144\uC5D0\uB294 \uC774\uD0C8\uB9AC\uC544\uB97C \uCE68\uC785\uD588\uB2E4. 453\uB144\uC5D0 \uC544\uD2F8\uB77C\uAC00 \uC8FD\uC740 \uD6C4\uB85C, \uD6C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC740 \uB85C\uB9C8\uB97C \uD5A5\uD55C \uC704\uD611\uC744 \uBA48\uCD94\uC5C8\uACE0 \uD328\uBC30 \uD6C4\uB85C \uC601\uD1A0\uC758 \uC0C1\uB2F9\uB7C9\uC744 \uC0C1\uC2E4\uD588\uB2E4. \uD6C8\uC871\uC758 \uD6C4\uC608\uB4E4\uC774\uB098 \uC720\uC0AC\uD55C \uBA85\uCE6D\uC744 \uAC00\uC9C4 \uD6C4\uACC4\uC790\uB4E4\uC740 \uB300\uB7B5 4-6\uC138\uAE30\uC5D0 \uB3D9\uC720\uB7FD\uACFC \uC911\uC559 \uC544\uC2DC\uC544\uC758 \uC77C\uBD80\uB97C \uCC28\uC9C0\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uC5C8\uB2E4\uACE0 \uB0A8\uCABD\uACFC \uB3D9\uCABD, \uC11C\uCABD\uC758 \uC774\uC6C3\uD55C \uBBFC\uC871\uB4E4\uC5D0\uAC8C \uAE30\uB85D\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uD6C8\uC871\uC758 \uBCC0\uD615\uC801 \uBA85\uCE6D\uB4E4\uC740 \uCF54\uCE74\uC11C\uC2A4\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 8\uC138\uAE30 \uCD08\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uAE30\uB85D\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4."@ko , "Los hunos (lat\u00EDn vulgar: huni; tambi\u00E9n como chuni; griego medieval: O\u00FAnnoi / \u039F\u1F55\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9) fueron una confederaci\u00F3n de pueblos n\u00F3madas y semin\u00F3madas, formada a partir de varios grupos \u00E9tnicos procedentes del \u00E1rea esteparia del Asia Central, junto con grupos conquistados o asimilados en el \u00E1rea balc\u00E1nica. La importancia de los hunos estaba en la creaci\u00F3n tard\u00EDa de un aut\u00E9ntico aparato de poder, capaz de rivalizar, en atribuciones e influencias, con las dos mitades divididas del Imperio romano, atemorizando al mismo tiempo tanto a Constantinopla como a Roma. A ello, debemos sumarle la reincidencia de estudiosos desde los a\u00F1os del mil setecientos hasta la actualidad, encabezados por Edward Gibbon, que tomando como testigo los primeros testimonios de las fuentes cl\u00E1sicas desde Amiano Marcelino, cons"@es , "The Huns were a nomadic people who lived in Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Eastern Europe between the 4th and 6th century AD. According to European tradition, they were first reported living east of the Volga River, in an area that was part of Scythia at the time; the Huns' arrival is associated with the migration westward of an Iranian people, the Alans. By 370 AD, the Huns had arrived on the Volga, and by 430, they had established a vast, if short-lived, dominion in Europe, conquering the Goths and many other Germanic peoples living outside of Roman borders and causing many others to flee into Roman territory. The Huns, especially under their King Attila, made frequent and devastating raids into the Eastern Roman Empire. In 451, they invaded the Western Roman province of Gaul, where the"@en , "\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062D\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0641\u064A \u0622\u0633\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0632\u060C \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062F\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0644\u0627\u062F\u064A. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062A\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064A\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062F\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062D\u0627\u062B \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0628\u062F\u0627\u064A\u0629 \u0639\u0647\u062F\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064A \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u063A\u0627\u060C \u0641\u064A \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u062C\u0632\u0621\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u064A\u062B\u064A\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062A. \u064A\u0631\u062A\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u062C\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064A\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064A\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060C \u063A\u0631\u0628\u064B\u0627. \u0628\u062D\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 370 \u0645\u064A\u0644\u0627\u062F\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u063A\u0627\u060C \u0648\u0628\u062D\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 430\u060C \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u064A\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u062A\u062F\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u064A\u0644\u064B\u0627\u060C \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u060C \u0648\u0642\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062F\u064A\u062F \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062E\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0639\u064A\u0634 \u062E\u0627\u0631\u062C \u0627\u0644\u062D\u062F\u0648\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0648\u062A\u0633\u0628\u0651\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u063A\u064A\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629. \u0623\u0642\u062F\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0646\u060C \u062E\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0647\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u062A\u064A\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0646\u064A\u060C \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0646\u0651 \u063A\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0645\u062A\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062F\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064A\u0629. \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 451\u060C \u063A\u0632\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0631\u0628\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0625\u0630 \u0642\u0627\u062A\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u062C\u064A\u0634\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062A\u0631\u0643\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0631\u0628\u064A\u064A\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u062A"@ar , "Hunov\u00E9 byli ko\u010Dovn\u00FD kmen \u010Di kmenov\u00FD svaz, kter\u00FD mezi 4. a 6. stolet\u00EDm \u017Eil ve st\u0159edn\u00ED Asii, na Kavkaze a ve v\u00FDchodn\u00ED Evrop\u011B. Podle evropsk\u00E9 tradice byli poprv\u00E9 hl\u00E1\u0161eni na v\u00FDchod od \u0159eky Volhy v oblasti, kter\u00E1 byla v t\u00E9 dob\u011B sou\u010D\u00E1st\u00ED Sk\u00FDtie; p\u0159\u00EDchod Hun\u016F je spojen s p\u0159esunem \u00EDr\u00E1nsk\u00FDch Alan\u016F z\u00E1padn\u00EDm sm\u011Brem. V roce 370 Hunov\u00E9 dorazili k Volze a p\u0159ibli\u017En\u011B od roku 430 zalo\u017Eili v Evrop\u011B obrovskou, by\u0165 kr\u00E1tkodobou Hunskou \u0159\u00ED\u0161i, zahrnuj\u00EDc\u00ED \u00FAzem\u00ED od Volhy a\u017E k \u0159\u00EDmsk\u00FDm hranic\u00EDm na R\u00FDnu. Porazili G\u00F3ty a dal\u0161\u00ED germ\u00E1nsk\u00E9 n\u00E1rody \u017Eij\u00EDc\u00ED mimo hranice \u0159\u00EDmsk\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e na v\u00FDchod\u011B a zp\u016Fsobili migraci mnoha dal\u0161\u00EDch, kte\u0159\u00ED uprchli na \u0159\u00EDmsk\u00E1 \u00FAzem\u00ED. Hunov\u00E9 podnikali, zejm\u00E9na za vl\u00E1dy kr\u00E1le Attily, \u010Dast\u00E9 a ni\u010Div\u00E9 n\u00E1jezdy na \u00FAzem\u00ED v\u00FDchodo\u0159\u00EDmsk\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e. V roce 451 napadli z\u00E1pado\u0159\u00EDmskou provincii Galii, kde bojovali s komb"@cs , "\u039F\u03B9 \u039F\u03CD\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9 \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03B4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03BB\u03B1\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03AD\u03B6\u03B7\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u039A\u03B5\u03BD\u03C4\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u0391\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1, \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u039A\u03B1\u03CD\u03BA\u03B1\u03C3\u03BF \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u0391\u03BD\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u0395\u03C5\u03C1\u03CE\u03C0\u03B7 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BE\u03CD \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 6\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD\u03B1 \u03BC.\u03A7. \u03A3\u03CD\u03BC\u03C6\u03C9\u03BD\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B5\u03C5\u03C1\u03C9\u03C0\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03AE \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03AC\u03B4\u03BF\u03C3\u03B7 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C6\u03AD\u03C1\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03C4\u03B7 \u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03AC \u03CC\u03C4\u03B9 \u03B6\u03BF\u03CD\u03C3\u03B1\u03BD \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B1\u03BC\u03BF\u03CD \u0392\u03CC\u03BB\u03B3\u03B1 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03BC\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BF\u03C7\u03AE \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B5\u03BA\u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B5\u03C0\u03BF\u03C7\u03AE \u03B1\u03BD\u03AE\u03BA\u03B5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7 \u03A3\u03BA\u03C5\u03B8\u03AF\u03B1. \u0397 \u03AC\u03C6\u03B9\u03BE\u03B7 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u039F\u03CD\u03BD\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03B4\u03AD\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD\u03AC\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03C5\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B1 \u03B4\u03C5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03B5\u03BD\u03CC\u03C2 \u0399\u03C1\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03BB\u03B1\u03BF\u03CD, \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u0391\u03BB\u03B1\u03BD\u03CE\u03BD. \u03A4\u03BF 370 \u03BC.\u03A7. \u03BF\u03B9 \u039F\u03CD\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9 \u03B5\u03AF\u03C7\u03B1\u03BD \u03C6\u03C4\u03AC\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u0392\u03CC\u03BB\u03B3\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF 430 \u03BF\u03B9 \u039F\u03CD\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9 \u03B5\u03AF\u03C7\u03B1\u03BD \u03B4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03AE\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03AC\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03B1, \u03B1\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B2\u03C1\u03B1\u03C7\u03CD\u03B2\u03B9\u03B1, \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03BA\u03C1\u03AC\u03C4\u03B5\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u0395\u03C5\u03C1\u03CE\u03C0\u03B7, \u03C5\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03AC\u03C3\u03C3\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u0393\u03CC\u03C4\u03B8\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03AC\u03BB\u03BB\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B5\u03C1\u03BC\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03BB\u03B1\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B6\u03BF\u03CD\u03C3\u03B1\u03BD \u03AD\u03BE\u03C9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B1 \u03C1\u03C9\u03BC\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03AC \u03C3\u03CD\u03BD\u03BF\u03C1\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03B3\u03BA\u03AC\u03B6\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03AC\u03BB\u03BB\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03C6\u03CD\u03B3\u03BF\u03C5\u03BD \u03C3\u03C4\u03B1 \u03A1\u03C9\u03BC\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03AC \u03B5\u03B4\u03AC\u03C6\u03B7. \u039F\u03B9 \u039F\u03CD\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9, \u03B5\u03B9\u03B4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03C5\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF \u03B2\u03B1\u03C3\u03B9\u03BB\u03B9\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u0391\u03C4\u03C4\u03AF\u03BB\u03B1, \u03AD\u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03BD \u03C3\u03C5\u03C7\u03BD\u03AD\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03BF\u03C6\u03B9\u03BA\u03AD\u03C2 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03B4\u03C1\u03BF\u03BC\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u0391\u03BD\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03A1\u03C9\u03BC\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03AE \u0391"@el , "Gli Unni erano un popolo guerriero nomade, proveniente dalla Siberia meridionale, che giunse in Europa nel IV secolo. Sono particolarmente conosciuti per le incursioni compiute a met\u00E0 del V secolo contro l'Impero romano d'Occidente. Tra il 447 e il 454, sotto Attila, formarono un impero nomade che fu il pi\u00F9 vasto del suo tempo, con una superficie di 4,0 milioni di km\u00B2 all'apice."@it , "Hun (bahasa Mongol: \u0425\u04AF\u043D; bahasa Rusia: \u0425\u0443\u043D) adalah kumpulan suku dan bangsa nomaden yang bermukim di Asia Tengah, Kaukasus, dan Eropa Timur antara abad ke-4 dan ke-6 M. Menurut tradisi Eropa, mereka pertama kali dilaporkan tinggal di timur Sungai Volga, di daerah yang merupakan bagian dari Scythia pada saat itu. Kedatangan Hun umumnya dikaitkan dengan migrasi ke barat bangsa Iran dari suku ."@in , "Els huns eren un poble n\u00F2mada de l'estepa que, a partir de finals del segle iv dC, va fer profundes incursions per Europa i \u00C0sia i fins a l'\u00CDndia. S\u00F3n probablement dues branques d'un mateix poble, d'origen turc, els huns blancs (dits tamb\u00E9 heftalites), que cap a la fi del s. IV dC baixaren, l'una cap a la vall del Volga i l'altra cap a l'Oxus (Amur Darya). Van apar\u00E8ixer a Europa al segle iv, i el seu l\u00EDder m\u00E9s reconegut va ser \u00C0tila. Els huns van ser anomenats \"b\u00E0rbars\" pels romans quan van envair l'Imperi Rom\u00E0 entre els segles IV i V."@ca , "Les Huns sont un ancien peuple (ou, selon certaines sources, une conf\u00E9d\u00E9ration) nomade originaire de l\u2019Asie centrale, dont la pr\u00E9sence en Europe est attest\u00E9e \u00E0 partir du IVe si\u00E8cle et qui y \u00E9tablirent le vaste empire hunnique. L'origine des Huns est discut\u00E9e : bien que d\u00E8s le XVIIIe si\u00E8cle, l'orientaliste fran\u00E7ais Joseph de Guignes les ait reli\u00E9s aux Xiongnu, nomades pr\u00E9sum\u00E9s turcs ou mongols voisins septentrionaux des Chinois, sugg\u00E9rant qu'ils \u00E9taient leurs descendants jusqu'au Ier si\u00E8cle et que de nombreuses \u00E9tudes ult\u00E9rieures se soient attach\u00E9es \u00E0 d\u00E9montrer ou infirmer cette parent\u00E9, aucun consensus n'a encore \u00E9t\u00E9 \u00E9tabli sur le sujet. N\u00E9anmoins, la plupart des \u00E9tudes de pal\u00E9og\u00E9n\u00E9tique \u00E9voquent un lien entre les Xiongnu et les Huns."@fr , "La hunoj estas popolo origine el Centra Azio, kiu kreis imperion en orienta E\u016Dropo en la unuaj jarcentoj de nia erao. Oni foje rilatigas ilin al pli antikva popolo \u015Diungnuoj. La unuaj \u0109inaj fontoj skribas pri ili jam en la 12-a jarcento a.K. kiel hsiung-nu (hiung-nu), kiam ili da\u016Dre penetris Nord-\u0108inion kaj prirabis la areon. Ilia \u0109efa okupi\u011Do estis la nomada bestobredado kaj la \u0109asado. En la 3-a jarcento a.K. formi\u011Dis la asocio de 24 hunaj triboj, kiu kondukis prirabajn militirojn en Orient-Azion. La \u0109inoj ekkonstruis la Grandan \u0108inan Muron \u0109efe pro tiuj militiroj dum la Dinastio de \u0108in. La sukcesaj militiroj de \u0108inio kaj la ribeloj de la konkeritaj popoloj kondukis al la disfalo de la huna asocio en la 1-a jarcento a. K. 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Hunni) \u2014 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434, \u0441\u043B\u043E\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043F\u044F\u0445 \u0412\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043E\u043F\u044B \u0432\u043E II-IV \u0432\u0432. \u043D\u0430 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435 \u043C\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437 \u0426\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0410\u0437\u0438\u0438 \u0445\u0443\u043D\u043D\u0443 \u0441 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043C \u043C\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0443\u0433\u0440\u043E\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0432. \u0418\u0445 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043B\u043E \u0442\u043E\u043B\u0447\u043A\u043E\u043C \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0432. \u0423\u043F\u043E\u043C\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043E \u0433\u0443\u043D\u043D\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0432 (\u0410\u043C\u043C\u0438\u0430\u043D \u041C\u0430\u0440\u0446\u0435\u043B\u043B\u0438\u043D, \u041F\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043A, \u0418\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043D \u0438 \u0434\u0440.), \u0442\u0430\u043A \u0438 \u0432 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C \u044D\u043F\u043E\u0441\u0435 (\u041F\u0435\u0441\u043D\u044C \u043E \u041D\u0438\u0431\u0435\u043B\u0443\u043D\u0433\u0430\u0445, \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0430\u044F \u042D\u0434\u0434\u0430). \u0418\u043C\u044F \u0433\u0443\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043B\u043E \u044D\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0438\u043C\u043E\u043C \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0434\u0430 ."@ru , "\u0413\u0443\u043D\u0438 (\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0446. \u039F\u03CD\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9, \u043B\u0430\u0442. Hunni) \u2014 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043E\u044E\u0437\u0443 \u043A\u043E\u0447\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u043B\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D \u0435\u043F\u043E\u0445\u0438 \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0456\u0432 II\u2014VII \u0441\u0442\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u044C. \u041F\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0433\u0443\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u043E \u043A\u0456\u043D\u0446\u044F \u043D\u0435 \u0437'\u044F\u0441\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043E \u2014 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043F\u0430 \u0432\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0457\u0445 \u0434\u043E \u0442\u044E\u0440\u043A\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0456\u0432 \u043E\u0431'\u0454\u0434\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0443 III \u0441\u0442. \u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0430\u0445 \u041F\u0456\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u041A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044E, \u0456\u043D\u0448\u0430 \u2014 \u0434\u043E \u0444\u0456\u043D\u043E-\u0443\u0433\u043E\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445; \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0457\u0445\u043D\u0454 \u0435\u0442\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0432\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0432\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0442\u044C \u0456\u0437 \u0446\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0430\u0442\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0445\u0443\u043D\u043D\u0443 (\u0441\u044E\u043D\u043D\u0443), \u044F\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0443 \u0406\u0406 \u0441\u0442. \u043D. \u0435. \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434. \u0425\u0443\u043D\u043D\u0443 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0441\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0456 \u041D\u0438\u0436\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0412\u043E\u043B\u0437\u0456 (\u0412\u043E\u043B\u0437\u044C\u043A\u043E-\u0423\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0435 \u043C\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0447\u0447\u044F) \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0456\u043D\u0446\u0456 II \u0441\u0442. \u043D. \u0435., \u043F\u0456\u0434\u043A\u043E\u0440\u044E\u044E\u0447\u0438 \u0444\u0456\u043D\u043E-\u0443\u0433\u043E\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u043F\u043B\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u043C\u0456\u0448\u0443\u044E\u0447\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0456\u0437 \u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438. \u0423 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0456 IV \u0441\u0442. \u043E\u0431'\u0454\u0434\u043D\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043F\u043B\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D, \u043E\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043D\u043E, \u043E\u0447\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0435 \u0445\u0443\u043D\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u0456\u0432\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0435 \u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u043C \u043F\u0456\u0434 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043E\u044E \u0433\u0443\u043D\u0456\u0432, \u0440\u0443\u0448\u0438\u043B\u043E \u0434\u043E \u041F\u0456\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u041F\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043E\u0440\u043D\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0440'\u044F, \u0430 \u0437\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0438 \u2014 \u0432 \u043C\u0435\u0436\u0456 \u0420\u0438\u043C\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0457."@uk , "Hunnen ist ein Sammelbegriff f\u00FCr eine Gruppe der zentralasiatischen Reiterv\u00F6lker mit nomadischer, sp\u00E4ter halbnomadischer Lebensweise. Ihre genaue Herkunft und Ethnizit\u00E4t ist in der modernen Forschung umstritten."@de , "Hunowie (gr. \u039F\u1FE6\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9, \u03A7\u03BF\u1FE6\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9; \u0142ac. Huni, Hunni, Chuni, Unni) \u2013 lud koczowniczy, kt\u00F3ry ok. roku 370 najecha\u0142 Europ\u0119 i przyczyni\u0142 si\u0119 do upadku Cesarstwa zachodniorzymskiego."@pl , "Ba phobal f\u00E1in iad na Hunaigh a bh\u00ED ina gc\u00F3na\u00ED in Oirthear na hEorpa, an Chugais agus L\u00E1r na h\u00C1ise idir an 4\u00FA haois AD agus an 7\u00FA haois AD. De r\u00E9ir thraidisi\u00FAn na hEorpa, tuairisc\u00EDodh, ar dt\u00FAs, go raibh siad ina gc\u00F3na\u00ED taobh thoir d' Abhainn na Volga, i gceantar a bh\u00ED mar chuid de Scitia ag an am; t\u00E1 teacht na Hunach bainteach le himirce siar an chine Scitiach, na nAlanach. Faoi 370 AD, bh\u00ED an Volga bainte amach ag na Hunaigh, agus faoi 430 AD bh\u00ED tiarnas ollmh\u00F3r san Eoraip bunaithe acu, c\u00E9 nach raibh s\u00E9 fada buan."@ga , "Os hunos foram uma antiga confedera\u00E7\u00E3o eurasi\u00E1tica de n\u00F4mades ou semin\u00F4mades equestres, com a aristocracia de n\u00FAcleo altaico. Algumas dessas tribos moveram-se para a Europa no s\u00E9culo IV provavelmente devido a mudan\u00E7as clim\u00E1ticas. Eles eram excelentes criadores de cavalos e adeptos de combates a cavalo (com espada, lan\u00E7as e arco). Como n\u00E3o constru\u00EDam casas, viviam em suas carro\u00E7as e tamb\u00E9m em barracas que armavam nos caminhos que percorriam."@pt , "Hunoak Erdialdeko Asiako tribu nomada edo erdi-nomaden konfederazioa izan ziren, turkieraren familiako hizkuntza batean mintzatzen zen aristokraziak zuzenduta. Deskribapen zaharrenetan esaten denez, ez zuten etxe finkorik eta ez zuten nekazaritza ezagutzen. Arkua ongi erabiltzen zuten, zaldi gainean oso trebeak ziren eta ausartak eta basatiak ziren borrokan. K.o. 370. urtean Europari eraso zion herri nomada horrek jatorria Asiako erdialdean zuen eta ondorengo zazpi hamarkadetan inperio handi bat eratu zuten. Azken hunoak Kaukasian bizi izan ziren VIII. mendean."@eu , "\u30D5\u30F3\u65CF\uFF08\u30D5\u30F3\u305E\u304F\u3001Hun\uFF09\u306F\u30014\u4E16\u7D00\u304B\u30896\u4E16\u7D00\u306B\u304B\u3051\u3066\u4E2D\u592E\u30A2\u30B8\u30A2\u3001\u30B3\u30FC\u30AB\u30B5\u30B9\u3001\u6771\u30E8\u30FC\u30ED\u30C3\u30D1\u306B\u4F4F\u3093\u3067\u3044\u305F\u904A\u7267\u6C11\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u30E8\u30FC\u30ED\u30C3\u30D1\u306E\u4F1D\u627F\u306B\u3088\u308C\u3070\u3001\u5F7C\u3089\u306F\u30F4\u30A9\u30EB\u30AC\u5DDD\u306E\u6771\u306B\u4F4F\u3093\u3067\u304A\u308A\u3001\u5F53\u6642\u30B9\u30AD\u30BF\u30A4\u306E\u4E00\u90E8\u3060\u3063\u305F\u5730\u57DF\u3067\u521D\u3081\u3066\u5831\u544A\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002\u30D5\u30F3\u65CF\u306E\u5230\u6765\u306F\u3001\u30A4\u30E9\u30F3\u306E\u4EBA\u3005\u3001\u30A2\u30E9\u30F3\u4EBA\u306E\u897F\u65B9\u3078\u306E\u79FB\u4F4F\u306B\u95A2\u9023\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002370\u5E74\u307E\u3067\u306B\u30D5\u30F3\u65CF\u306F\u30F4\u30A9\u30EB\u30AC\u5DDD\u306B\u5230\u7740\u3057\u3001430\u5E74\u307E\u3067\u306B\u30E8\u30FC\u30ED\u30C3\u30D1\u306B\u5E83\u5927\u3067\u77ED\u547D\u306E\u652F\u914D\u6A29\u3092\u78BA\u7ACB\u3057\u3001\u30ED\u30FC\u30DE\u56FD\u5883\u306E\u5916\u306B\u4F4F\u3080\u30B4\u30FC\u30C8\u65CF\u3084\u4ED6\u306E\u591A\u304F\u306E\u30B2\u30EB\u30DE\u30F3\u6C11\u65CF\u3092\u5F81\u670D\u3057\u3001\u4ED6\u306E\u591A\u304F\u306E\u6C11\u65CF\u306E\u30ED\u30FC\u30DE\u9818\u571F\u3078\u306E\u9003\u4EA1\u3092\u5F15\u304D\u8D77\u3053\u3057\u305F\u3002\u30D5\u30F3\u65CF\u306F\u3001\u7279\u306B\u5F7C\u3089\u306E\u30A2\u30C3\u30C6\u30A3\u30E9\u738B\u306E\u4E0B\u3067\u3001\u6771\u30ED\u30FC\u30DE\u5E1D\u56FD\u306B\u983B\u7E41\u306B\u7834\u58CA\u7684\u306A\u8972\u6483\u3092\u884C\u3063\u305F\u3002451\u5E74\u3001\u30D5\u30F3\u65CF\u306F\u897F\u30ED\u30FC\u30DE\u5E1D\u56FD\u306E\u30AC\u30EA\u30A2\u5DDE\u306B\u4FB5\u653B\u3057\u3001\u30AB\u30BF\u30E9\u30A6\u30CC\u30E0\u306E\u6226\u3044\u3067\u30ED\u30FC\u30DE\u4EBA\u3068\u30B4\u30FC\u30C8\u65CF\u306E\u9023\u5408\u8ECD\u3068\u6226\u3044\u3001452\u5E74\u306B\u30A4\u30BF\u30EA\u30A2\u534A\u5CF6\u306B\u4FB5\u653B\u3057\u305F\u3002453\u5E74\u306E\u30A2\u30C3\u30C6\u30A3\u30E9\u306E\u6B7B\u5F8C\u3001\u30D5\u30F3\u65CF\u306F\u30ED\u30FC\u30DE\u306B\u3068\u3063\u3066\u5927\u304D\u306A\u8105\u5A01\u3068\u306A\u308B\u3053\u3068\u306F\u7121\u304F\u306A\u308A\u3001\uFF08454\u5E74\uFF09\u3067\u5E1D\u56FD\u306E\u9818\u571F\u306E\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u3092\u5931\u3063\u305F\u3002\u30D5\u30F3\u65CF\u306E\u5B50\u5B6B\u3001\u307E\u305F\u306F\u540C\u69D8\u306E\u540D\u524D\u3092\u6301\u3064\u5F8C\u7D99\u8005\u304C\u7D044\u301C6\u4E16\u7D00\u306B\u6771\u30E8\u30FC\u30ED\u30C3\u30D1\u3068\u4E2D\u592E\u30A2\u30B8\u30A2\u306E\u4E00\u90E8\u3092\u5360\u9818\u3057\u305F\u3068\u3059\u308B\u8A18\u9332\u304C\u3001\u5357\u3001\u6771\u3001\u304A\u3088\u3073\u897F\u306E\u8FD1\u96A3\u306E\u4F4F\u6C11\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306A\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u30D5\u30F3\u7CFB\u306E\u540D\u524D\u306E\u5909\u7A2E\u306F\u30018\u4E16\u7D00\u521D\u982D\u307E\u3067\u30B3\u30FC\u30AB\u30B5\u30B9\u3067\u8A18\u9332\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja , "De Hunnen waren een confederatie van Euraziatische nomaden, waarschijnlijk van meest Alta\u00EFsche en Oeraalse afkomst, maar later ook met Oost-Germaanse onderdanen. Deze nomadenstammen, die in de 5e eeuw vanuit Centraal-Azi\u00EB door Europa trokken, waren in hun tijd berucht om de verwoestingen die ze aanrichtten."@nl , "Hunnerna var en centralasiatisk befolkningsgrupp som ingick i de eurasiska nomaderna. De h\u00E4rstammande fr\u00E5n omr\u00E5det kring sj\u00F6n Issyk-Kul i nuvarande Kirgizistan, emigrerade successivt v\u00E4sterut, f\u00F6r att expandera sitt rike."@sv ; rdfs:seeAlso dbr:Rouran_Khaganate , dbr:Hungarian_prehistory , dbr:List_of_terms_used_for_Germans . @prefix foaf: . dbr:Huns foaf:name "The Huns"@en , "Huns"@en ; foaf:depiction , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . @prefix dcterms: . @prefix dbc: . dbr:Huns dcterms:subject dbc:Nomadic_groups_in_Eurasia , dbc:States_and_territories_disestablished_in_the_5th_century , dbc:Ancient_Hungary , dbc:Huns , dbc:States_and_territories_established_in_the_370s , dbc:Barbarian_kingdoms , , dbc:Invasions_of_Europe , dbc:Migration_Period ; dbo:wikiPageID 13519 ; dbo:wikiPageRevisionID 1124334723 ; dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Hagiography , dbr:Syria , dbr:Kreka , dbr:Hungarian_language , dbr:Eastern_Roman , dbr:Joseph_de_Guignes , dbr:Cambridge_University_Press , dbr:Flavius_Aetius , dbr:Battle_of_the_Utus , dbr:Uldin , , dbr:Late_Roman_army , dbr:Late_Roman_ridge_helmet , , dbr:Halmyris , dbr:Theodosius_II , dbr:War_god , dbr:Peter_Heather , dbr:Hungary , dbr:Kingdom_of_Hungary , dbr:Qing_dynasty , dbr:Thervingi , dbr:Utigurs , dbr:Ernak , dbr:Central_Asia , dbr:Cologne , dbr:No_quarter , dbr:Human_sacrifice , dbr:Scythian_languages , dbr:Scythians , dbr:University_of_California_Press , dbr:Singidunum , dbr:Bucellarii , dbc:Nomadic_groups_in_Eurasia , dbr:Alans , dbr:Gaul , dbr:Gepids , , dbr:Lake_Baikal , dbr:Persian_Empire , dbr:Priscus , dbr:Mongolian_Plateau , dbr:Battle_of_Nedao , dbr:Basiq , dbr:Yakuts , dbr:Scythia , dbr:Scythian_cultures , dbr:List_of_Hunnic_rulers , , dbr:Scythian , dbr:Hervarar_Saga , dbr:Getica , dbr:Attila , dbr:Avestan , dbr:Prophecy , dbr:Germanic_peoples , dbr:Germanic_heroic_legend , dbr:Polygamy , dbr:Kutrigurs , dbr:Lingua_franca , dbr:Geldings , dbr:Charaton , dbr:Kaiser , , dbr:Bactrian_camel , dbr:German_Empire , , dbr:Modena , dbr:Paganism , dbr:Megalith , dbr:Harvard_Ukrainian_Research_Institute , dbr:Kursich , dbr:Scientific_Reports , dbr:Roman_army , dbr:Westphalia , dbr:Hephthalites , , dbr:Mongolic_languages , dbr:Nibelung , dbr:Nibelungenlied , dbr:Salvian , dbr:Rugila , dbr:Seax , dbr:Divination , dbr:The_Battle_of_the_Goths_and_Huns , dbr:Valamir , dbr:Goths , dbr:Lamellar_armour , dbr:Pope_Leo_I , dbr:Saint_Peter , , dbr:Origin_of_the_Huns , dbr:Arianism , dbr:Hyun_Jin_Kim , dbr:Mounted_archery , dbr:Nicene_Christianity , dbr:Gothic_language , dbr:Cappadocia , dbr:Alp_Ilteber , dbr:Kumis , , dbr:Syvash , dbr:Finno-Ugric , dbr:Khwarezm , dbr:Mincio , dbr:John_Malalas , dbr:Eastern_Europe , dbr:Kerch_Strait , dbr:Iranian_Huns , dbr:Conversion_to_Christianity , dbr:Kidarites , dbr:Arrow_Cross_Party , dbr:Armenia , , dbr:Latin_language , , dbr:Aquileia , dbr:Octar , dbr:East_Asia , dbr:Hun_Invasion_of_Persia , dbr:Caucasus , dbr:Dengizich , dbr:North_Caucasian_Huns , dbr:Hunnic_language , dbr:Hun_speech , dbc:States_and_territories_disestablished_in_the_5th_century , dbr:Transylvania , dbr:Huna_people , dbr:Ecclesiastical_History_of_the_English_People , dbr:Haplogroup_R1a , dbr:Haplogroup_R1b , dbr:Akatziri , , dbr:Servatius_of_Tongeren , dbr:Xionites , dbr:Reims , dbr:Xiongnu , dbr:Peace_of_Anatolius , dbr:Onegesius , dbr:Indo-European_languages , dbr:Caucasian_race , dbr:Baldric , dbr:Diadem , , dbr:Shamanism , dbr:Volga , dbr:Theoderic_the_Great , dbr:Pannonia , dbr:Pannonian_Avars , dbr:Migration_period , dbr:Ob_River , , dbr:Hunor_and_Magor , , , dbr:Byzantine_Empire , dbr:Rabenschlacht , dbr:Sabirs , dbr:Anglo-Saxons , dbr:Metz , dbc:Ancient_Hungary , dbr:Paul_the_Apostle , dbr:Tocharian_languages , dbr:Ardaric , dbr:Bede , dbr:Old_Norse , dbr:Treaty_of_Margus , , , dbr:World_War_II , dbr:Zerco , dbr:Nature_Research , dbr:Burgundians , dbr:World_War_I , dbc:Huns , dbr:Boxer_Rebellion , dbr:Orosius , dbr:Massagetae , dbr:Pontic_steppes , , dbc:States_and_territories_established_in_the_370s , dbr:Cataphracts , dbr:Sarmatians , dbr:Western_Roman_Empire , , dbr:Mantua , , dbr:Eurasian_Steppe , dbr:Marcian , dbr:Jester , dbr:Greuthungi , dbr:Agathias , dbr:Saint_Ursula , , dbr:Iranian_peoples , dbr:Salian_Franks , dbr:Strategikon_of_Maurice , , dbr:Romania , , dbr:Yeniseian_languages , dbr:Old_English , dbr:Totem , dbr:Haplogroup_Q-M242 , dbr:Iranian_languages , dbr:Zhongyuan , dbr:Tungusic_peoples , dbr:Borders_of_the_Roman_Empire , , dbr:Danube , dbr:Sogdian_people , dbr:Archaeogenetics , dbr:Jobbik , dbr:Onogurs , dbr:Ongi_River , dbr:Ammianus_Marcellinus , dbr:Cimmerians , dbr:Amal_dynasty , dbr:List_of_rulers_of_the_Huns , dbr:Gesta_Hungarorum , , dbr:Caspian_Sea , dbr:Gesta_Hunnorum_et_Hungarorum , dbc:Barbarian_kingdoms , dbr:Roman_Empire , dbr:Confederation , dbr:Turkic_languages , , dbr:List_of_Huns , dbr:Constantinople , dbr:Pope_Leo_the_Great , dbr:Atakam , dbr:Dietrich_von_Bern , dbr:Turanism , dbr:Battle_of_the_Catalaunian_Plains , dbr:Thidrekssaga , dbr:Balkans , dbr:Buda , , dbr:Nomad , dbr:Gainas , dbr:Migration_Period , dbr:Ellac , dbr:Silk_Road , dbr:Viminacium , , dbr:Shaman , , dbr:Magister_militum , dbr:Balamber , dbr:Walter_of_Aquitaine , dbr:Tribe , dbr:Eastern_Roman_Empire , dbr:Mongoloid , dbr:South_Asia , , dbr:Ctesiphon , , dbr:Ammianus , dbr:Saragurs , dbr:Bulgars , dbr:Troyes , , dbr:Bleda , dbr:Spatha , dbr:Aspar , dbr:Birch_tar , , dbr:Euphratesia , dbr:Saka , dbr:Chersonesus , dbr:Amali_dynasty , dbr:Maenchen-Helfen , dbr:World_History_Encyclopedia , dbr:Esztergom , , dbc:Invasions_of_Europe , dbr:Tacitus , dbr:Visigoths , dbr:Artificial_cranial_deformation , dbr:Honoria , dbr:Crimea , dbr:Widsith , dbr:Valentinian_III , dbr:Genetic_history_of_Europe , dbr:Siege_engine , dbr:Fascism , dbr:Nomadic_empire , dbr:Nomadic_pastoralism , , dbr:Water_spirit , dbr:Jordanes , dbr:Procopius , dbr:Antioch , dbc:Migration_Period , dbr:Pannonian_Basin , , dbr:Dieuze , dbr:Sasanian_Empire , dbr:Current_Biology , dbr:Poetic_Edda , dbr:Hungarians , dbr:Black_Sea , , dbr:Tengri , dbr:Gallipoli , dbr:Sadages ; dbo:wikiPageExternalLink . @prefix ns12: . dbr:Huns dbo:wikiPageExternalLink ns12:hunspeoplesofeur00eath , , . @prefix ns13: . dbr:Huns dbo:wikiPageExternalLink ns13:huns , . @prefix ns14: . dbr:Huns dbo:wikiPageExternalLink ns14:s41586-018-0094-2 . @prefix ns15: . dbr:Huns dbo:wikiPageExternalLink ns15:huns , , , , . @prefix ns16: . dbr:Huns dbo:wikiPageExternalLink ns16:s00439-020-02209-4 , , , , , ns12:hungarians00paul , , , . @prefix ns17: . dbr:Huns dbo:wikiPageExternalLink ns17:n207 ; owl:sameAs . @prefix ns18: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs ns18:Hunne . @prefix dbpedia-lmo: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-lmo:Uni . @prefix dbpedia-ca: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-ca:Huns , . @prefix dbpedia-eo: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-eo:Hunoj . @prefix dbpedia-gl: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-gl:Hunos , . @prefix dbpedia-eu: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-eu:Huno , , . @prefix dbpedia-ms: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-ms:Hun . @prefix dbpedia-az: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-az:Hunlar . @prefix ns26: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs ns26:Hunos , . @prefix dbpedia-no: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-no:Hunere , . @prefix dbpedia-da: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-da:Hunnere , . @prefix yago-res: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs yago-res:Huns . @prefix dbpedia-br: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-br:Huned . @prefix dbpedia-la: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-la:Hunni , , . @prefix dbpedia-fy: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-fy:Hunnen , . @prefix dbpedia-sw: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-sw:Wahunni . @prefix ns34: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs ns34:Mga_Huno , . @prefix dbpedia-ga: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-ga:Hunaigh . @prefix dbpedia-bar: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-bar:Hunnen , , , , . @prefix dbpedia-cy: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-cy:Hyniaid , . @prefix dbpedia-simple: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-simple:Huns . @prefix dbpedia-sl: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-sl:Huni . @prefix dbpedia-fi: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-fi:Hunnit . @prefix dbpedia-de: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-de:Hunnen , . @prefix dbpedia-pl: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-pl:Hunowie . @prefix dbpedia-sv: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-sv:Hunner , . @prefix ns44: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs ns44:Hunlar . @prefix dbpedia-sh: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-sh:Huni , , . @prefix dbpedia-tr: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-tr:Hunlar . @prefix dbpedia-pt: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-pt:Hunos , . @prefix dbpedia-als: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-als:Hunnen , . @prefix dbpedia-ro: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-ro:Huni . @prefix dbpedia-io: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-io:Huni , . @prefix dbpedia-sk: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-sk:Huni . @prefix ns52: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs ns52:Hona , . @prefix dbpedia-an: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-an:Hunnos , . @prefix dbpedia-es: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-es:Hunos . @prefix dbpedia-af: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-af:Hunne , . @prefix dbpedia-et: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-et:Hunnid , , , . @prefix dbpedia-hr: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-hr:Huni , . @prefix dbpedia-commons: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-commons:Huns . @prefix ns59: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs ns59:Hunai , . @prefix dbpedia-id: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-id:Hun . @prefix dbpedia-war: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-war:Hun , . @prefix dbpedia-fr: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-fr:Huns . @prefix dbpedia-nl: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-nl:Hunnen , , , . @prefix dbpedia-hu: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-hu:Hunok , wikidata:Q45813 . @prefix dbpedia-lb: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-lb:Hunnen , . @prefix dbpedia-it: . dbr:Huns owl:sameAs dbpedia-it:Unni . @prefix dbp: . dbr:Huns dbp:titleLeader dbr:List_of_Hunnic_rulers ; dbp:yearEnd 469 ; dbp:yearLeader "c. 400\u2013409"@en , "c. 420s\u2013430"@en , 370 , 453 , 469 , 430 , "c. 395 \u2013 ?"@en , 435 , 445 , "c. 412 \u2013 ?"@en . @prefix dbd: . dbr:Huns dbp:yearStart "370.0"^^dbd:second . @prefix dbt: . dbr:Huns dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate dbt:Short_description , dbt:Sfn , dbt:Sfnm , dbt:Huns , dbt:Pp-protect , dbt:Authority_control , dbt:Notelist , dbt:Multiple_image , dbt:Infobox_country , dbt:See_also , dbt:Barbarian_kingdoms , dbt:Use_dmy_dates , dbt:Colorsample , dbt:Efn , dbt:Commons_category , dbt:Refend , dbt:Reflist , dbt:Refbegin , dbt:Redirect , dbt:Harvid , dbt:Harvnb , dbt:Cvt , dbt:More_information , dbt:Pp-move-indef , dbt:Circa , dbt:Cite_EB1911 , dbt:Citation , dbt:Clear , dbt:Cite_book , dbt:Cite_journal , dbt:Cite_encyclopedia , dbt:Further , dbt:Main ; dbo:thumbnail ; "Sinor"@en , "Maenchen-Helfen"@en , "R\u00F3na-Tas"@en ; 208 , 178 , 386 ; 1990 , 1999 , 1973 ; dbp:commonName "Huns"@en ; "Kim"@en , "Thompson"@en , "Heather"@en , "Doerfer"@en , "Wright"@en , "Sz\u0171cs"@en , "Schottky"@en , "Sinor"@en , "Maenchen-Helfen"@en , "Wolfram"@en ; 502 , "xliv"@en , 50 , 60 , 31 , 5 , 254 , 202 , 177 , 165 , 136 ; 423 , 56 , 169 , 164 ; 1996 , 1999 , 1990 , 2013 , 2015 , 2010 , 2011 , 2004 , 1973 ; "Golden"@en , "Thompson"@en , "de la Vaissi\u00E8re"@en , "Heather"@en , "Engel"@en , "Sinor"@en , "Maenchen-Helfen"@en , "Pohl"@en , "Wolfram"@en , "Kim"@en ; 363 , 4228 , 176 , 142 , 209 , 200 , 202 , 30 , 16 , 1 , 2 ; 501 , 202 , 46 , 6 , 88 ; 1973 , 2001 , 2005 , 2010 , 2013 , 2015 , 1990 , 1992 , 1995 , 1996 , 1997 , 1999 ; "Heather"@en , "J\u00E1nos"@en , "Lendvai"@en , "Szathm\u00E1ry"@en , "Moln\u00E1r"@en , "Maenchen-Helfen"@en , "Sinor"@en , "Schottky"@en , "Sz\u0171cs"@en , "Kim"@en ; 329 , 336 , 363 , 2 , 7 ; 1973 , 1997 , 2014 , 2015 , 2010 , 2004 , 2003 ; dbp:align "right"@en ; dbp:caption "Detail of a horserider of probable Xiongnu origin, c. 1st century BC. The Xiongnu are the ancestors of the European Huns according to one historic theory, widely confirmed by genetic studies"@en , "Picture of White Hun king from a 5th-century seal. The Hephthalites are considered related to the European Huns, if not the same people, by a part of modern historians, though consensus has yet to be reached. Contemporary scholar Procopius described them as of the \"same stock\"."@en ; dbp:direction "vertical"@en ; dbp:event "Attila and Bleda become co-rulers of the united tribes"@en , dbr:Battle_of_the_Catalaunian_Plains , "Invasion of northern Italy"@en , dbr:Battle_of_Nedao , "Death of Bleda, Attila becomes sole ruler"@en ; dbp:governmentType dbr:Tribe , dbr:Confederation ; dbp:image "Xiongnu head three angles .jpg"@en , "Hephtalite king seal.jpg"@en ; dbp:imageMap "Huns450.png"@en ; dbp:leader "Octar and Rugila"@en , dbr:Uldin , "Attila and Bleda"@en , dbr:Balamber , dbr:Ernak , dbr:Charaton , "Kursich and Basich"@en , dbr:Rugila , "Attila"@en , "Dengizich and Ernak"@en ; dbp:p "Greuthungi"@en , "Pannonia"@en , "Alans"@en , "Thervingi"@en ; dbp:s "Ostrogothic Kingdom"@en , "Kingdom of the Suebi"@en , "Rugiland"@en , "Gepids"@en ; "Heather"@en ; 148 ; 2005 ; dbp:imageMapCaption "Territory under Hunnic control circa 450 AD"@en ; dbo:abstract "Ba phobal f\u00E1in iad na Hunaigh a bh\u00ED ina gc\u00F3na\u00ED in Oirthear na hEorpa, an Chugais agus L\u00E1r na h\u00C1ise idir an 4\u00FA haois AD agus an 7\u00FA haois AD. De r\u00E9ir thraidisi\u00FAn na hEorpa, tuairisc\u00EDodh, ar dt\u00FAs, go raibh siad ina gc\u00F3na\u00ED taobh thoir d' Abhainn na Volga, i gceantar a bh\u00ED mar chuid de Scitia ag an am; t\u00E1 teacht na Hunach bainteach le himirce siar an chine Scitiach, na nAlanach. Faoi 370 AD, bh\u00ED an Volga bainte amach ag na Hunaigh, agus faoi 430 AD bh\u00ED tiarnas ollmh\u00F3r san Eoraip bunaithe acu, c\u00E9 nach raibh s\u00E9 fada buan. Sa 18\u00FA haois, ba e an scol\u00E1ire Francach Joseph de Guignes a ch\u00E9ad mhol go raibh nasc idir na Hunaigh agus cine na X\u012Bongn\u00FAan, a bh\u00ED in aice l\u00E1imhe leo i dtuaisceart na S\u00EDne san 3\u00FA haois RC. \u00D3 shin i leith, rinneadh iarracht mh\u00F3r scol\u00E1rtha d\u00EDrithe ar imscr\u00FAd\u00FA a dh\u00E9anamh ar a leith\u00E9id de nasc. Mar sin f\u00E9in, n\u00EDl aon comhdhearcadh l\u00E9annta ar nasc d\u00EDreach idir ghn\u00E9 cheannasach na X\u012Bongn\u00FAan agus na Hunaigh.Luaigh Priscus, taidhleoir R\u00F3mh\u00E1nach agus stara\u00ED Gr\u00E9agach , san 5\u00FA haois go raibh teanga d\u00E1 gcuid f\u00E9in ag na Hunaigh; ach is beag di a th\u00E1inig sl\u00E1n agus s\u00EDltear go bhfui caidrimh aici den chuid is m\u00F3 leis na teangacha Tuirciceach n\u00F3 Mong\u00F3lach. Bh\u00ED go leor gr\u00FApa\u00ED eitneacha eile san \u00E1ireamh faoi riail Attila, lena n-\u00E1ir\u00EDtear an-chuid cainteoir\u00ED na Gotaise, agus tugann roinnt scol\u00E1ir\u00ED nua-aimseartha cur s\u00EDos uirthi mar lingua franca na hImpireachta.[./Huns#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeather2010228-3 [3]] Ba \u00ED an bhoghd\u00F3ireach an theicn\u00EDc mh\u00EDleata is m\u00F3 a bhain leo."@ga , 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, "The Huns were a nomadic people who lived in Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Eastern Europe between the 4th and 6th century AD. According to European tradition, they were first reported living east of the Volga River, in an area that was part of Scythia at the time; the Huns' arrival is associated with the migration westward of an Iranian people, the Alans. By 370 AD, the Huns had arrived on the Volga, and by 430, they had established a vast, if short-lived, dominion in Europe, conquering the Goths and many other Germanic peoples living outside of Roman borders and causing many others to flee into Roman territory. The Huns, especially under their King Attila, made frequent and devastating raids into the Eastern Roman Empire. In 451, they invaded the Western Roman province of Gaul, where they fought a combined army of Romans and Visigoths at the Battle of the Catalaunian Fields, and in 452, they invaded Italy. After the death of Attila in 453, the Huns ceased to be a major threat to Rome and lost much of their empire, following the Battle of Nedao (c. 454). Descendants of the Huns, or successors with similar names, are recorded by neighboring populations to the south, east, and west as having occupied parts of Eastern Europe and Central Asia from about the 4th to 6th centuries. Variants of the Hun name are recorded in the Caucasus until the early 8th century. In the 18th century, French scholar Joseph de Guignes became the first to propose a link between the Huns and the Xiongnu people, who lived in northern China from the 3rd century BC to the late 1st century AD. Since Guignes' time, considerable scholarly effort has been devoted to investigating such a connection. The issue remains controversial, but recent archaeogenetic studies suggest their Xiongnu origin from Mongolia as well as admixture with Scythian and Germanic peoples. Their relationships with other entities, such as the Iranian Huns and the Huna people of South Asia, have also been disputed. Very little is known about Hunnic culture, and very few archaeological remains have been conclusively associated with the Huns. They are believed to have used bronze cauldrons and to have performed artificial cranial deformation. No description exists of the Hunnic religion of the time of Attila, but practices such as divination are attested, and the existence of shamans is likely. It is also known that the Huns had a language of their own; however, only three words and personal names attest to it. Economically, they are known to have practiced a form of nomadic pastoralism. As their contact with the Roman world grew, their economy became increasingly tied with Rome through tribute, raiding, and trade. They do not seem to have had a unified government when they entered Europe but rather to have developed a unified tribal leadership in the course of their wars with the Romans. The Huns ruled over a variety of peoples who spoke numerous languages, and some maintained their own rulers. Their main military technique was mounted archery. The Huns may have stimulated the Great Migration, a contributing factor in the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. The memory of the Huns also lived on in various Christian saints' lives, where the Huns play the roles of antagonists, as well as in Germanic heroic legend, where the Huns are variously antagonists or allies to the Germanic main figures. In Hungary, a legend developed based on medieval chronicles that the Hungarians, and the Sz\u00E9kely ethnic group in particular, are descended from the Huns. However, mainstream scholarship dismisses a close connection between the Hungarians and Huns. Modern culture generally associates the Huns with extreme cruelty and barbarism."@en , "\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062D\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0641\u064A \u0622\u0633\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0632\u060C \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062F\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0644\u0627\u062F\u064A. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062A\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064A\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062F\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062D\u0627\u062B \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0628\u062F\u0627\u064A\u0629 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\u0648\u062C\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060C \u062A\u0646\u062D\u062F\u0631 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060C \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A\u062C\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062D\u0627\u062B \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064A\u0629 \u064A\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0648\u062C\u0648\u062F \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062B\u064A\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0631\u064A\u064A\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0646. \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064B\u0627\u060C \u062A\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u062F\u064A\u062B\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u062C\u064A\u0629."@ar , "Les Huns sont un ancien peuple (ou, selon certaines sources, une conf\u00E9d\u00E9ration) nomade originaire de l\u2019Asie centrale, dont la pr\u00E9sence en Europe est attest\u00E9e \u00E0 partir du IVe si\u00E8cle et qui y \u00E9tablirent le vaste empire hunnique. L'origine des Huns est discut\u00E9e : bien que d\u00E8s le XVIIIe si\u00E8cle, l'orientaliste fran\u00E7ais Joseph de Guignes les ait reli\u00E9s aux Xiongnu, nomades pr\u00E9sum\u00E9s turcs ou mongols voisins septentrionaux des Chinois, sugg\u00E9rant qu'ils \u00E9taient leurs descendants jusqu'au Ier si\u00E8cle et que de nombreuses \u00E9tudes ult\u00E9rieures se soient attach\u00E9es \u00E0 d\u00E9montrer ou infirmer cette parent\u00E9, aucun consensus n'a encore \u00E9t\u00E9 \u00E9tabli sur le sujet. N\u00E9anmoins, la plupart des \u00E9tudes de pal\u00E9og\u00E9n\u00E9tique \u00E9voquent un lien entre les Xiongnu et les Huns. Les Huns ont jou\u00E9 un r\u00F4le important dans le cadre des grandes invasions qui contribu\u00E8rent \u00E0 l'\u00E9croulement de l'Empire romain d'Occident. Sous le r\u00E8gne d'Attila, l'empire est unifi\u00E9 mais ne lui survit pas plus d'un an. Les descendants et successeurs des Huns occupent encore diverses parties de l'Europe de l'Est et d'Asie centrale entre les IVe et VIe si\u00E8cles, et laissent encore quelques traces dans le Caucase jusqu'au d\u00E9but du VIIIe si\u00E8cle. Il semble que les Huns parlaient un langage propre, mais peu de traces en demeurent et sa famille linguistique est encore sujette \u00E0 d\u00E9bat. Selon les th\u00E9ories dominantes, il s'agirait d'une langue turque, mais d'autres langues \u00E9taient parl\u00E9es dans l'espace hunnique, y compris des langues germaniques orientales. Leur puissance militaire \u00E9tait principalement bas\u00E9e sur l'emploi d'archers mont\u00E9s."@fr , "Los hunos (lat\u00EDn vulgar: huni; tambi\u00E9n como chuni; griego medieval: O\u00FAnnoi / \u039F\u1F55\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9) fueron una confederaci\u00F3n de pueblos n\u00F3madas y semin\u00F3madas, formada a partir de varios grupos \u00E9tnicos procedentes del \u00E1rea esteparia del Asia Central, junto con grupos conquistados o asimilados en el \u00E1rea balc\u00E1nica. La importancia de los hunos estaba en la creaci\u00F3n tard\u00EDa de un aut\u00E9ntico aparato de poder, capaz de rivalizar, en atribuciones e influencias, con las dos mitades divididas del Imperio romano, atemorizando al mismo tiempo tanto a Constantinopla como a Roma. A ello, debemos sumarle la reincidencia de estudiosos desde los a\u00F1os del mil setecientos hasta la actualidad, encabezados por Edward Gibbon, que tomando como testigo los primeros testimonios de las fuentes cl\u00E1sicas desde Amiano Marcelino, consideraban a los hunos como el verdadero punto desde el cual se habr\u00EDa producido el llamado per\u00EDodo de las grandes migraciones, precipitando de forma paulatina el colapso y ca\u00EDda final del Imperio Romano de Occidente en el 476,\u200B al mismo tiempo que el propio Imperio Romano de Oriente mantuvo una dif\u00EDcil situaci\u00F3n en todos sus dominios europeos, llegando a perder su autoridad en partes significativas de los mismos, especialmente en la zona de Tracia, donde se concentraba gran parte de los ostrogodos hasta su marcha a Italia a finales del siglo V. Paralelamente a esta noci\u00F3n tradicional sobre el papel hist\u00F3rico de los hunos, se debe hacer necesariamente una divisi\u00F3n sociopol\u00EDtica en torno a su propia evoluci\u00F3n, advertida a trav\u00E9s de las fuentes documentales desde el propio Amiano Marcelino: as\u00ED, un estatus inicial de los hunos, pasa por ser una horda pujante, expansiva y amenazante hacia sus vecinos situados en las estepas occidentales o p\u00F3nticas, erigi\u00E9ndose en este estatus original, como una confederaci\u00F3n n\u00F3mada al uso, distingui\u00E9ndose una figura jer\u00E1rquica o l\u00EDder de la misma, acompa\u00F1ado de una red clientelar, adl\u00E1teres y ciertos estratos superiores. Una segunda etapa, la constituye ya su reubicaci\u00F3n y asentamiento a lo largo de las estepas, proyectando n\u00FAcleos de estacionamiento temporal, e incluso observ\u00E1ndose ya un monarca, comparable a la imagen posterior del reiks (rex) de la zona de Germania, lo que evidencia una perennidad, apareciendo un cargo sucesorio que se heredaba, semejante al funcionamiento de los dominios de los se\u00F1ores o a los estados. Esta distinci\u00F3n es sumamente importante, de cara a tener en cuenta los cambios notorios que los hunos experimentaron desde su aparici\u00F3n en el escenario europeo a finales del siglo IV y su repliegue generalizado hacia las estepas y la p\u00E9rdida de su poder, ya a mitad del siglo V, en tan solo unas d\u00E9cadas."@es , "\u0413\u0443\u0301\u043D\u043D\u044B (\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0447. \u039F\u03CD\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9, \u043B\u0430\u0442. Hunni) \u2014 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434, \u0441\u043B\u043E\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043F\u044F\u0445 \u0412\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043E\u043F\u044B \u0432\u043E II-IV \u0432\u0432. \u043D\u0430 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435 \u043C\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437 \u0426\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0410\u0437\u0438\u0438 \u0445\u0443\u043D\u043D\u0443 \u0441 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043C \u043C\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0443\u0433\u0440\u043E\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0432. \u0418\u0445 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043B\u043E \u0442\u043E\u043B\u0447\u043A\u043E\u043C \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0432. \u0423\u043F\u043E\u043C\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043E \u0433\u0443\u043D\u043D\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0432 (\u0410\u043C\u043C\u0438\u0430\u043D \u041C\u0430\u0440\u0446\u0435\u043B\u043B\u0438\u043D, \u041F\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043A, \u0418\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043D \u0438 \u0434\u0440.), \u0442\u0430\u043A \u0438 \u0432 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C \u044D\u043F\u043E\u0441\u0435 (\u041F\u0435\u0441\u043D\u044C \u043E \u041D\u0438\u0431\u0435\u043B\u0443\u043D\u0433\u0430\u0445, \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0430\u044F \u042D\u0434\u0434\u0430). \u0412 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0410\u0442\u0442\u0438\u043B\u044B (434\u2014453) \u0433\u0443\u043D\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u043E\u0431\u044A\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0432 \u041F\u0430\u043D\u043D\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043B\u043E \u043C\u0430\u043A\u0441\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u044D\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0441\u0438\u0438, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0432 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E \u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043D\u0434\u043E\u0432 \u043D\u0430 \u0420\u0435\u0439\u043D\u0435 (435) \u0438 \u0431\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0438\u0432 \u0432\u044B\u0437\u043E\u0432 \u0420\u0438\u043C\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438. \u041F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435 \u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u0410\u0442\u0442\u0438\u043B\u044B \u0432 453 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0418\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044F \u0433\u0443\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043F\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044C, \u0438 \u0433\u0443\u043D\u043D\u044B \u0431\u044B\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0433\u043B\u043E\u0449\u0435\u043D\u044B \u043D\u043E\u0432\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043F\u043F\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044B\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0441 \u0432\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043A\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u0447\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432. \u041D\u0430 \u0433\u0443\u043D\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0412\u0435\u043D\u0433\u0440\u0438\u044F. \u0418\u043C\u044F \u0433\u0443\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043B\u043E \u044D\u043F\u043E\u043D\u0438\u043C\u043E\u043C \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0434\u0430 ."@ru , "Els huns eren un poble n\u00F2mada de l'estepa que, a partir de finals del segle iv dC, va fer profundes incursions per Europa i \u00C0sia i fins a l'\u00CDndia. S\u00F3n probablement dues branques d'un mateix poble, d'origen turc, els huns blancs (dits tamb\u00E9 heftalites), que cap a la fi del s. IV dC baixaren, l'una cap a la vall del Volga i l'altra cap a l'Oxus (Amur Darya). Van apar\u00E8ixer a Europa al segle iv, i el seu l\u00EDder m\u00E9s reconegut va ser \u00C0tila. Els huns van ser anomenats \"b\u00E0rbars\" pels romans quan van envair l'Imperi Rom\u00E0 entre els segles IV i V."@ca , "Gli Unni erano un popolo guerriero nomade, proveniente dalla Siberia meridionale, che giunse in Europa nel IV secolo. Sono particolarmente conosciuti per le incursioni compiute a met\u00E0 del V secolo contro l'Impero romano d'Occidente. Tra il 447 e il 454, sotto Attila, formarono un impero nomade che fu il pi\u00F9 vasto del suo tempo, con una superficie di 4,0 milioni di km\u00B2 all'apice."@it , "Os hunos foram uma antiga confedera\u00E7\u00E3o eurasi\u00E1tica de n\u00F4mades ou semin\u00F4mades equestres, com a aristocracia de n\u00FAcleo altaico. Algumas dessas tribos moveram-se para a Europa no s\u00E9culo IV provavelmente devido a mudan\u00E7as clim\u00E1ticas. Eles eram excelentes criadores de cavalos e adeptos de combates a cavalo (com espada, lan\u00E7as e arco). Movendo-se com suas fam\u00EDlias e grandes rebanhos de animais domesticados e cavalos, eles migraram em busca de novos pastos para se estabelecerem. Devido a sua proeza militar e disciplina, mostraram-se imbat\u00EDveis, tirando todos do seu caminho. Eles come\u00E7aram uma corrente migrat\u00F3ria anterior a deles pois outros povos mudaram-se para sair do caminho dos hunos. Esse efeito domin\u00F3 de grandes popula\u00E7\u00F5es contornou Constantinopla e o Imp\u00E9rio Bizantino e chegou aos rios Dan\u00FAbio e Reno e resultou na tomada do Imp\u00E9rio Romano do Ocidente em 476, pelos h\u00E9rulos chefiados por Odoacro. Encontrando terras a seu gosto, os hunos estabeleceram-se nas plan\u00EDcies h\u00FAngaras, na Europa Central, tomando a cidade de Szeged, no T\u00EDsia, como seu quartel general. Eles precisavam de vastas \u00E1reas de pasto para obter forragem para os cavalos e outros animais. Dessas \u00E1reas de pastagens, os hunos controlavam, atrav\u00E9s de alian\u00E7as ou conquistas, um imp\u00E9rio que se estenderia dos Montes Urais (na R\u00FAssia) ao rio Reno (na Fran\u00E7a) e do B\u00E1ltico ao Dan\u00FAbio. Como n\u00E3o constru\u00EDam casas, viviam em suas carro\u00E7as e tamb\u00E9m em barracas que armavam nos caminhos que percorriam."@pt , "Hunov\u00E9 byli ko\u010Dovn\u00FD kmen \u010Di kmenov\u00FD svaz, kter\u00FD mezi 4. a 6. stolet\u00EDm \u017Eil ve st\u0159edn\u00ED Asii, na Kavkaze a ve v\u00FDchodn\u00ED Evrop\u011B. Podle evropsk\u00E9 tradice byli poprv\u00E9 hl\u00E1\u0161eni na v\u00FDchod od \u0159eky Volhy v oblasti, kter\u00E1 byla v t\u00E9 dob\u011B sou\u010D\u00E1st\u00ED Sk\u00FDtie; p\u0159\u00EDchod Hun\u016F je spojen s p\u0159esunem \u00EDr\u00E1nsk\u00FDch Alan\u016F z\u00E1padn\u00EDm sm\u011Brem. V roce 370 Hunov\u00E9 dorazili k Volze a p\u0159ibli\u017En\u011B od roku 430 zalo\u017Eili v Evrop\u011B obrovskou, by\u0165 kr\u00E1tkodobou Hunskou \u0159\u00ED\u0161i, zahrnuj\u00EDc\u00ED \u00FAzem\u00ED od Volhy a\u017E k \u0159\u00EDmsk\u00FDm hranic\u00EDm na R\u00FDnu. Porazili G\u00F3ty a dal\u0161\u00ED germ\u00E1nsk\u00E9 n\u00E1rody \u017Eij\u00EDc\u00ED mimo hranice \u0159\u00EDmsk\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e na v\u00FDchod\u011B a zp\u016Fsobili migraci mnoha dal\u0161\u00EDch, kte\u0159\u00ED uprchli na \u0159\u00EDmsk\u00E1 \u00FAzem\u00ED. Hunov\u00E9 podnikali, zejm\u00E9na za vl\u00E1dy kr\u00E1le Attily, \u010Dast\u00E9 a ni\u010Div\u00E9 n\u00E1jezdy na \u00FAzem\u00ED v\u00FDchodo\u0159\u00EDmsk\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e. V roce 451 napadli z\u00E1pado\u0159\u00EDmskou provincii Galii, kde bojovali s kombinovanou arm\u00E1dou \u0158\u00EDman\u016F a Vizig\u00F3t\u016F v bitv\u011B na Katalaunsk\u00FDch pol\u00EDch a roku 452 napadli It\u00E1lii. Po Attilov\u011B smrti v roce 453 p\u0159estali b\u00FDt Hunov\u00E9 pro \u0158\u00EDm hlavn\u00ED hrozbou a po bitv\u011B na \u0159ece Nedao (454?) p\u0159i\u0161li o velkou \u010D\u00E1st \u0159\u00ED\u0161e a jej\u00ED \u00FAzem\u00ED obsadily germ\u00E1nsk\u00E9 kmeny, kter\u00E9 p\u0159edt\u00EDm byly vazaly Hun\u016F. Potomci Hun\u016F nebo n\u00E1sledovn\u00EDci s podobn\u00FDmi jm\u00E9ny jsou zmi\u0148ov\u00E1ni sousedn\u00EDmi populacemi sm\u011Brem na jih, v\u00FDchod a z\u00E1pad jako okupovan\u00E9 \u010D\u00E1sti v\u00FDchodn\u00ED Evropy a st\u0159edn\u00ED Asie od asi 4. do 6. stolet\u00ED. Varianty jm\u00E9na Hun jsou na Kavkaze zaznamen\u00E1ny a\u017E do za\u010D\u00E1tku 8. stolet\u00ED. Hunov\u00E9 p\u0159i\u0161li z Asie, p\u0159esto dodnes nen\u00ED zcela zn\u00E1m\u00E9 m\u00EDsto jejich p\u0159esn\u00E9ho p\u016Fvodu. N\u011Bkte\u0159\u00ED historikov\u00E9 pova\u017Euj\u00ED za pravlast tohoto bojovn\u00E9ho kmene Korejsk\u00FD poloostrov. V 18. stolet\u00ED p\u0159i\u0161el jako prvn\u00ED francouzsk\u00FD u\u010Denec s my\u0161lenkou spojitosti mezi Huny a Siungny, kte\u0159\u00ED byli ve 3. stolet\u00ED p\u0159. n. l. severn\u00EDmi sousedy \u010C\u00EDny, (n\u00E1jezdn\u00EDci z Mongolska, kv\u016Fli nim\u017E byla z\u0159ejm\u011B tak\u00E9 budov\u00E1na Velk\u00E1 \u010D\u00EDnsk\u00E1 ze\u010F). Od Guignesovy doby bylo v\u011Bnov\u00E1no zna\u010Dn\u00E9 \u00FAsil\u00ED v\u011Bdeck\u00E9mu v\u00FDzkumu v t\u00E9to souvislosti. Tato ot\u00E1zka v\u0161ak z\u016Fst\u00E1v\u00E1 st\u00E1le p\u0159edm\u011Btem debaty. Jejich vztahy k jin\u00FDm n\u00E1rod\u016Fm, kter\u00E9 jsou souhrnn\u011B ozna\u010Dov\u00E1ny jako \u00EDr\u00E1n\u0161t\u00ED Hunov\u00E9, jsou tak\u00E9 sporn\u00E9. P\u0159edpokl\u00E1d\u00E1 se, \u017Ee zahrnovali turkick\u00E9, mongolsk\u00E9 a ugrofinsk\u00E9 kmeny, ale tak\u00E9 n\u011Bkter\u00E1 indoevropsk\u00E1 etnika. O kultu\u0159e Hun\u016F je zn\u00E1mo jen velmi m\u00E1lo a p\u0159esv\u011Bd\u010Div\u011B s nimi bylo spojeno jen n\u011Bkolik archeologick\u00FDch n\u00E1lez\u016F. P\u0159edpokl\u00E1d\u00E1 se, \u017Ee prov\u00E1d\u011Bli um\u011Bl\u00E9 deformace lebek a pou\u017E\u00EDvali bronzov\u00E9 kotle, v nich\u017E patrn\u011B va\u0159ili ko\u0148sk\u00E9 maso pro ob\u0159adn\u00ED hostiny. Neexistuje popis hunsk\u00E9ho n\u00E1bo\u017Eenstv\u00ED z Attilovy doby, ale jsou potvrzeny praktiky jako v\u011B\u0161t\u011Bn\u00ED a s nejv\u011Bt\u0161\u00ED pravd\u011Bpodobnost\u00ED i existence \u0161aman\u016F. Je tak\u00E9 zn\u00E1mo, \u017Ee m\u011Bli sv\u016Fj vlastn\u00ED jazyk, nejsp\u00ED\u0161e turkick\u00FD, je v\u0161ak dolo\u017Een pouze t\u0159emi slovy a n\u011Bkolika osobn\u00EDmi jm\u00E9ny. Z ekonomick\u00E9ho hlediska je zn\u00E1mo, \u017Ee praktikovali podobu ko\u010Dovn\u00E9ho pastevectv\u00ED: chovali kon\u011B, skot a ovce, chyb\u00ED v\u0161ak zpr\u00E1vy o velbloudech dvouhrb\u00FDch. Tradi\u010Dn\u00EDm obydl\u00EDm byly jurty, kter\u00E9 mohly b\u00FDt upevn\u011Bny na vozech, ale existovaly i d\u0159ev\u011Bn\u00E9 stavby. S rostouc\u00EDm kontaktem s \u0159\u00EDmsk\u00FDm sv\u011Btem se jejich ekonomika stala s \u0159\u00EDmskou sv\u00E1zan\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED skrze tribut, n\u00E1jezdy a obchod. P\u0159ed vstupem do Evropy nem\u011Bli patrn\u011B sjednocenou vl\u00E1du, ale b\u011Bhem v\u00E1lky s \u0158\u00EDmany si vyvinuli jednotn\u00E9 kmenov\u00E9 veden\u00ED. Hunov\u00E9 vl\u00E1dli nad \u0159adou n\u00E1rod\u016F, kter\u00E9 pou\u017E\u00EDvaly r\u016Fzn\u00E9 jazyky a n\u011Bkter\u00E9 z nich udr\u017Eovaly sv\u00E9 vlastn\u00ED panovn\u00EDky. Hlavn\u00ED vojenskou technikou Hun\u016F byla j\u00EDzdn\u00ED lukost\u0159elba. Hunov\u00E9 v\u00FDrazn\u011B zas\u00E1hli do st\u011Bhov\u00E1n\u00ED n\u00E1rod\u016F, co\u017E byl faktor, kter\u00FD p\u0159isp\u011Bl ke kolapsu z\u00E1pado\u0159\u00EDmsk\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e. Vzpom\u00EDnka na Huny tak\u00E9 \u017Eije v n\u011Bkolika \u017Eivotopisech k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00FDch svat\u00FDch, kde Hunov\u00E9 hraj\u00ED roli zaryt\u00FDch protivn\u00EDk\u016F, stejn\u011B jako v germ\u00E1nsk\u00FDch hrdinsk\u00FDch legend\u00E1ch, kde jsou Hunov\u00E9 nej\u010Dast\u011Bji odp\u016Frci, m\u00E9n\u011B \u010Dasto v\u0161ak i spojenci, germ\u00E1nsk\u00FDch hlavn\u00EDch postav (nap\u0159. Dietricha z Bernu). V Uhr\u00E1ch vznikla legenda zalo\u017Een\u00E1 na st\u0159edov\u011Bk\u00FDch kronik\u00E1ch, v nich\u017E Ma\u010Fa\u0159i a zejm\u00E9na etnick\u00E1 skupina Sikul\u016F poch\u00E1z\u00ED z Hun\u016F. Hlavn\u00ED proud historick\u00E9 v\u011Bdy v\u0161ak odm\u00EDt\u00E1 \u00FAzk\u00E9 spojen\u00ED mezi Ma\u010Fary a Huny. Modern\u00ED kultura obecn\u011B spojuje Huny s extr\u00E9mn\u00ED krutost\u00ED a barbarstv\u00EDm."@cs , "\u5308\u4EBA\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1AHuns\uFF09\u662F\u4E00\u652F\u7D04\u5728\u897F\u51434\u4E16\u7D00\u52306\u4E16\u7D00\u5728\u4E2D\u4E9E\u3001\u9AD8\u52A0\u7D22\u3001\u6771\u6B50\u7B49\u5730\u5340\u6D3B\u52D5\u7684\u904A\u7267\u6C11\u65CF\u6216\u90E8\u843D\u806F\u76DF\u3002\u6B50\u6D32\u50B3\u7D71\u4E0A\u8A8D\u70BA\u4ED6\u5011\u6700\u65E9\u5728\u4F0F\u723E\u52A0\u6CB3\u6771\u5CB8\u4E00\u5E36\u6D3B\u52D5\uFF0C\u8A72\u5730\u5340\u5728\u7576\u6642\u662F\u65AF\u57FA\u6CF0\u4EBA\u7684\u52E2\u529B\u7BC4\u570D\u3002\u5308\u4EBA\u6700\u65E9\u8207\u4F0A\u6717\u8A9E\u65CF\u7684\u963F\u862D\u4EBA\u4E00\u540C\u897F\u9077\u3002\u897F\u5143370\u5E74\uFF0C\u4ED6\u5011\u5230\u9054\u4F0F\u723E\u52A0\u6CB3\u3002430\u5E74\uFF0C\u4ED6\u5011\u5C31\u5DF2\u7D93\u5728\u6B50\u6D32\u5EFA\u7ACB\u4E86\u4E00\u500B\u5EE3\u5927\u537B\u77ED\u66AB\u7684\u5E1D\u570B\uFF0C\u5F81\u670D\u4E86\u54E5\u7279\u4EBA\u548C\u5176\u4ED6\u751F\u6D3B\u5728\u7F85\u99AC\u5E1D\u570B\u908A\u9672\u7684\u65E5\u8033\u66FC\u4EBA\u90E8\u843D\uFF0C\u4E26\u9020\u6210\u5927\u91CF\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u883B\u65CF\u9003\u5165\u7F85\u99AC\u5E1D\u570B\u5883\u5167\u3002\u5728\u963F\u63D0\u62C9\u7684\u5E36\u9818\u4E0B\uFF0C\u5308\u4EBA\u5BC6\u96C6\u5730\u6D17\u52AB\u6771\u7F85\u99AC\u5E1D\u570B\u3002451\u5E74\uFF0C\u5308\u4EBA\u5165\u4FB5\u4E86\u897F\u7F85\u99AC\u5E1D\u570B\u7684\u9AD8\u76E7\u884C\u7701\uFF0C\u4E26\u8207\u897F\u7F85\u99AC\u53CA\u897F\u54E5\u7279\u7684\u806F\u8ECD\u4EA4\u6230\uFF0C\u53F2\u7A31\u6C99\u9686\u6230\u5F79\u3002452\u5E74\uFF0C\u5308\u4EBA\u5165\u4FB5\u610F\u5927\u5229\u3002453\u5E74\uFF0C\u5728\u963F\u63D0\u62C9\u66B4\u6583\u5F8C\uFF0C\u5308\u4EBA\u4E0D\u518D\u662F\u7F85\u99AC\u5E1D\u570B\u7684\u4E3B\u8981\u5A01\u8105\uFF0C\u5176\u5E1D\u570B\u5728\u5F8C\u74E6\u89E3\u3002\u5308\u4EBA\u7684\u5F8C\u4EBA\u6216\u5176\u7E7C\u627F\u8005\u5F8C\u4F86\u76E4\u64DA\u5728\u6771\u6B50\u8207\u4E2D\u4E9E\u4E00\u5E36\uFF0C\u76F4\u52308\u4E16\u7D00\u65E9\u671F\u4ECD\u6709\u5728\u9AD8\u52A0\u7D22\u4E00\u5E36\u6D3B\u52D5\u7684\u7D00\u9304\u3002 18\u4E16\u7D00\u6CD5\u570B\u6771\u65B9\u5B78\u5B78\u8005\u5FB7\u91D1\uFF08Joseph de Guignes\uFF09\u9996\u6B21\u5C07\u5308\u4EBA\u548C\u5308\u5974\u4EBA\u4E32\u9023\u5728\u4E00\u8D77\uFF0C\u81EA\u6B64\u5B78\u8853\u754C\u4FBF\u7A4D\u6975\u5C0B\u627E\u9019\u5169\u500B\u6C11\u65CF\u4E4B\u9593\u7684\u95DC\u806F\uFF0C\u4F46\u5230\u73FE\u5728\u4ECD\u672A\u6709\u78BA\u5BE6\u7684\u7B54\u6848\u3002\u800C\u4ED6\u5011\u8207\u5176\u4ED6\u6C11\u65CF\u53E3\u4E2D\u6240\u8B1B\u7684\uFF08\u5373\u5308\u5C3C\u7279\u4EBA\u548C\u5688\u5660\u4EBA\uFF09\u662F\u5426\u5C6C\u540C\u4E00\u500B\u96C6\u5718\u76EE\u524D\u4EA6\u5728\u722D\u8B70\u4E2D\u3002 1902\u5E74\u82F1\u570B\u8003\u53E4\u5B78\u8005\u9A6C\u5C14\u514B\u00B7\u5965\u83B1\u5C14\u00B7\u65AF\u5766\u56E0\u5728\u4E2D\u570B\u6566\u714C\u897F\u90E8\u7684\u7389\u9580\u95DC\u907A\u8E5F\u6316\u6398\u5230\u51FA4\u4E16\u7D00\u521D\u4F86\u81EA\u4E2D\u4E9E\u7684\u7C9F\u7279\u5546\u4EBA\u7684\u66F8\u7C21\uFF0C\u7A31\u70BA\u300A\u7C9F\u7279\u6587\u53E4\u4FE1\u672D\u300B\uFF08Sogdian Ancient Letters\uFF09\u3002\u66F8\u7C21\u88E1\u9762\u63CF\u8FF04\u4E16\u7D00\u4E2D\u570B\u897F\u6649\u6C38\u5609\u4E4B\u798D\u7684\u6230\u4E82\u60C5\u6CC1\u6642\u662F\u4EE5\u5308\u4EBA\u7A31\u547C\u5308\u5974\u4EBA\uFF0C\u8B49\u5BE6\u5308\u4EBA\u5728\u4E2D\u4E9E\u662F\u5308\u5974\u4EBA\u7684\u5225\u7A31\u3002 7\u4E16\u7D00\u521D\u62DC\u5360\u5EAD\u53F2\u5BB6\u897F\u6469\u5361\u5854\uFF08Theophylacus Simocatta\uFF09\u8A8D\u70BA\uFF0C\u6B50\u6D32\u4E2D\u4E16\u7D00\u53F2\u4E0A\u7684\u963F\u74E6\u723E\u4EBA\uFF0C\u7531\u5169\u500B\u806F\u5408\u8D77\u4F86\u7684\u90E8\u843D\uFF0C\u5373\u74E6\u723E\u90E8\uFF08uar\u6216var\uFF0C\u963F\u74E6\u723E\u7531\u6B64\u5F97\u540D\uFF09\u548C\u5308\u4EBA\u90E8\uFF08Kunni\u6216Huni\uFF0C\u8A72\u540D\u6697\u793A\u5176\u5308\u4EBA\u8D77\u6E90\uFF09\u7D44\u6210\u3002\u800C\u74E6\u723E\u90E8\u548C\u5308\u4EBA\u90E8\u53C8\u5C6C\u65BC\u9435\u52D2(\u4E01\u96F6\u3001\u6555\u52D2 \u3001\u9AD8\u8ECA)\u591A\u6C11\u65CF\u806F\u76DF\uFF0C\u6709\u6B64\u63A8\u6E2C\u6B50\u6D32\u5308\u4EBA\u8DDF\u6B50\u6D32\u963F\u74E6\u723E\u4EBA\u53EF\u80FD\u8DDF\u9435\u52D2\u806F\u76DF\u6709\u95DC\u806F\u3002\u518D\u52A0\u4E0A\u53F2\u66F8\u300A\u968B\u66F8\u00B7\u9435\u52D2\u50B3\u300B\uFF1A\u201C\u9435\u52D2\u4E4B\u5148\uFF0C\u5308\u5974\u4E4B\u82D7\u88D4\u4E5F\u3002\u201D\u300A\u65B0\u5510\u66F8\u00B7\u56DE\u9DBB\u50B3\u4E0A\u300B\u4EA6\u4F5C\u201C\u56DE\u7D07\uFF0C\u5176\u5148\u5308\u5974\u4E5F\uFF0C\u4FD7\u591A\u4E58\u9AD8\u8F2A\u8ECA\uFF0C\u5143\u9B4F\u6642\u4EA6\u865F\u9AD8\u8ECA\u90E8\uFF0C\u6216\u66F0\u6555\u52D2\uFF0C\u8A1B\u70BA\u9435\u52D2\u3002\u201D\u300A\u5317\u53F2\u00B7\u9AD8\u8ECA\u50B3\u300B:\u201C\u9AD8\u8ECA\uFF0C\u76E1\u53E4\u8D64\u72C4\u4E4B\u9918\u7A2E\u4E5F\u3002 \u521D\u865F\u70BA\u72C4\u6B77\uFF0C\u5317\u65B9\u4EE5\u70BA\u9AD8\u8ECA\u4E01\u96F6\u3002\u5176\u8A9E\u7565\u8207\u5308\u5974\u540C\uFF0C\u800C\u6642\u6709\u5C0F\u7570\uFF0C\u6216\u4E91\u5176\u5148\u53E5\uFF0C\u5974\u7525\u4E5F\u3002\u201D\u3002\u300A\u5468\u66F8\u00B7\u7A81\u53A5\u50B3\u300B:\u201C\u7A81\u53A5\u8005\uFF0C\u84CB\u5308\u5974\u4E4B\u5225\u7A2E\u3002\u201D\u5308\u5974\u548C\u5308\u4EBA\u61C9\u70BA\u7A81\u53A5\u8A9E\u65CF\u3002 \u5308\u4EBA\u7684\u897F\u9077\u523A\u6FC0\u4E86\u6C11\u65CF\u5927\u9077\u5F99\uFF0C\u4E26\u4FC3\u4F7F\u4E86\u897F\u7F85\u99AC\u5E1D\u570B\u7684\u74E6\u89E3\u3002\u5C0D\u5308\u4EBA\u7684\u6050\u61FC\u6DF1\u6DF1\u70D9\u5370\u5728\u57FA\u7763\u5F92\u7684\u8166\u6D77\u88E1\uFF0C\u4ED6\u5011\u4EA6\u6210\u70BA\u65E5\u8033\u66FC\u82F1\u96C4\u50B3\u8AAA\u4E2D\u5E38\u51FA\u73FE\u7684\u53CD\u6D3E\u6216\u76DF\u53CB\u3002\u5728\u4E2D\u4E16\u7D00\u5308\u7259\u5229\u7684\u7DE8\u5E74\u53F2\u4E2D\uFF0C\u5308\u4EBA\u88AB\u63CF\u7E6A\u70BA\u5308\u7259\u5229\u6C11\u65CF\u99AC\u624E\u723E\u4EBA\u548C\u585E\u51F1\u4F0A\u4EBA\u7684\u7956\u5148\u4E4B\u4E00\uFF0C\u7136\u800C\u5230\u76EE\u524D\u70BA\u6B62\uFF0C\u4E3B\u6D41\u5B78\u8853\u754C\u4ECD\u56E0\u70BA\u8B49\u64DA\u4E0D\u8DB3\u800C\u6392\u9664\u4ED6\u5011\u8207\u5308\u4EBA\u4E4B\u9593\u6709\u8457\u7DCA\u5BC6\u95DC\u806F\u9019\u500B\u53EF\u80FD\u6027\u3002 \u5308\u4EBA\u7684\u8A9E\u7CFB\u70BA\u901A\u5E38\u88AB\u8A8D\u70BA\u662F\u7A81\u53A5-\u70CF\u53E4\u723E\u8A9E\u7CFB\uFF0C\u70CF\u53E4\u723E\u7A81\u53A5\u4EBA\uFF08oghur turkic peoples\uFF09\u901A\u5E38\u88AB\u8A8D\u70BA\u662F\u66F4\u897F\u908A\u7684\u9AD8\u8ECA\uFF08\u4E01\u96F6\u3001\u6555\u52D2 \u3001\u9435\u52D2\u3001\u56DE\u7D07\u3001\u56DE\u9DBB\uFF09\u65CF\u7CFB\u7684\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u4E5F\u5C31\u662F\u8AAA\u5308\u4EBA\u3001\u963F\u74E6\u723E\u4EBA\u3001\u4FDD\u52A0\u723E\u4EBA\u3001\u53EF\u85A9\u4EBA\u90FD\u6709\u4E00\u5B9A\u7684\u95DC\u806F\u3002\u751A\u81F3\u70CF\u62C9\u8A9E\u7CFB\u7684\u99AC\u624E\u723E\u4EBA\u7684\u738B\u65CF\u8DDF\u5308\u4EBA\u6709\u95DC\u806F\u3002\u99AC\u624E\u723E\u4EBA\u7684\u738B\u5BA4\uFF0C\u5373\u963F\u723E\u5E15\u5FB7\u5927\u516C\u88AB\u8A8D\u70BA\u662F\u53EF\u85A9\u4EBA\u6240\u6D3E\u51FA\u3002\u6709\u4E00\u4F4D\u53EF\u85A9\u53EF\u6C57\u4EE5\u99AC\u624E\u723E\u4EBA\u5B97\u4E3B\u8EAB\u4EFD\u4EFB\u547D\u540D\u70BA\u963F\u723E\u5E15\u5FB7\u7684\u53EF\u85A9\u5E74\u9752\u8CB4\u65CF\u4F5C\u70BA\u99AC\u624E\u723E\u4EBA\u7684\u5927\u516C\u3002"@zh , "Hunnerna var en centralasiatisk befolkningsgrupp som ingick i de eurasiska nomaderna. De h\u00E4rstammande fr\u00E5n omr\u00E5det kring sj\u00F6n Issyk-Kul i nuvarande Kirgizistan, emigrerade successivt v\u00E4sterut, f\u00F6r att expandera sitt rike."@sv , "De Hunnen waren een confederatie van Euraziatische nomaden, waarschijnlijk van meest Alta\u00EFsche en Oeraalse afkomst, maar later ook met Oost-Germaanse onderdanen. Deze nomadenstammen, die in de 5e eeuw vanuit Centraal-Azi\u00EB door Europa trokken, waren in hun tijd berucht om de verwoestingen die ze aanrichtten."@nl , "Hunnen ist ein Sammelbegriff f\u00FCr eine Gruppe der zentralasiatischen Reiterv\u00F6lker mit nomadischer, sp\u00E4ter halbnomadischer Lebensweise. Ihre genaue Herkunft und Ethnizit\u00E4t ist in der modernen Forschung umstritten. Die wenigen Sprach\u00FCberreste erlauben keine pr\u00E4zise Zuordnung: Einige Forscher gehen davon aus, dass die Hunnen eine Turksprache oder eine andere altaische Sprache sprachen. Andere Forscher gehen von einer heute ausgestorbenen Sprache aus bzw. bezweifeln die M\u00F6glichkeit einer exakten Zuordnung. Ebenso ist unsicher, ob der Begriff Hunnen eine klar umrissene Gruppe von St\u00E4mmen bezeichnete. In der modernen Forschung wird vielmehr oft angenommen, dass es sich bei der Bezeichnung Hunnen um einen in der eurasischen Steppenregion verbreiteten Prestigenamen f\u00FCr ansonsten heterogen zusammengesetzte Gruppen nomadischer Reiterkrieger handelte. In diesem Sinne wurde der Begriff Hunne von einigen ostr\u00F6mischen Geschichtsschreibern als ethnographischer Begriff f\u00FCr ganz verschiedene sp\u00E4ter auftauchende Reiterv\u00F6lker aus dem eurasischen Steppenraum benutzt. Fest steht nur, dass die in sp\u00E4tantiken Quellen als \u201EHunnen\u201C bezeichneten St\u00E4mme um die Mitte des 4. Jahrhunderts im Raum zwischen den Fl\u00FCssen Don und Wolga lebten und schlie\u00DFlich nach Westen vorstie\u00DFen, wobei sie nicht unter einheitlicher F\u00FChrung agierten. Sie fielen ab 375/76 mit dort unbekannter Reiterkampftechnik in Europa ein (siehe V\u00F6lkerwanderung) und spielten in der sp\u00E4tantiken Geschichte noch bis ins sp\u00E4te 5. Jahrhundert eine bedeutende Rolle. Im fr\u00FChen 5. Jahrhundert errichteten sie an der Donau ein Steppenreich zwischen West- und Ostrom. Unter Attila erreichte ihre Macht den H\u00F6hepunkt, wobei die Hunnen allerdings \u00F6konomisch stets auf erzwungene r\u00F6mische Tributleistungen angewiesen waren. Nach Attilas Tod 453 und dem Zerfall seines Reichs zerstreuten sich die Hunnen wieder weitgehend; hunnische Hilfstruppen in ostr\u00F6mischen Diensten und als hunnisch bezeichnete Gruppen im n\u00F6rdlichen Schwarzmeerraum sind jedoch noch im 6. Jahrhundert belegt."@de , "Hunowie (gr. \u039F\u1FE6\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9, \u03A7\u03BF\u1FE6\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9; \u0142ac. Huni, Hunni, Chuni, Unni) \u2013 lud koczowniczy, kt\u00F3ry ok. roku 370 najecha\u0142 Europ\u0119 i przyczyni\u0142 si\u0119 do upadku Cesarstwa zachodniorzymskiego."@pl , "Hun (bahasa Mongol: \u0425\u04AF\u043D; bahasa Rusia: \u0425\u0443\u043D) adalah kumpulan suku dan bangsa nomaden yang bermukim di Asia Tengah, Kaukasus, dan Eropa Timur antara abad ke-4 dan ke-6 M. Menurut tradisi Eropa, mereka pertama kali dilaporkan tinggal di timur Sungai Volga, di daerah yang merupakan bagian dari Scythia pada saat itu. Kedatangan Hun umumnya dikaitkan dengan migrasi ke barat bangsa Iran dari suku . Mereka terdiri dari berbagai etnis, misalnya , dan . Suku Ostrogoth bertemu dengan suku Hun pada 358 Masehi. Di bawah pimpinan Attila, mereka mendirikan Kekaisaran Hun pada abad ke-5 Masehi. Saat ini banyak bangsa yang menganggap dirinya penerus bangsa Hun, misalnya di Bulgaria dan Hongaria."@in , "\u0413\u0443\u043D\u0438 (\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0446. \u039F\u03CD\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9, \u043B\u0430\u0442. Hunni) \u2014 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043E\u044E\u0437\u0443 \u043A\u043E\u0447\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u043B\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D \u0435\u043F\u043E\u0445\u0438 \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0456\u0432 II\u2014VII \u0441\u0442\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u044C. \u041F\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0433\u0443\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u043E \u043A\u0456\u043D\u0446\u044F \u043D\u0435 \u0437'\u044F\u0441\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043E \u2014 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043F\u0430 \u0432\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0457\u0445 \u0434\u043E \u0442\u044E\u0440\u043A\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0456\u0432 \u043E\u0431'\u0454\u0434\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0443 III \u0441\u0442. \u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0430\u0445 \u041F\u0456\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u041A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044E, \u0456\u043D\u0448\u0430 \u2014 \u0434\u043E \u0444\u0456\u043D\u043E-\u0443\u0433\u043E\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445; \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0457\u0445\u043D\u0454 \u0435\u0442\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0432\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0432\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0442\u044C \u0456\u0437 \u0446\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0430\u0442\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0445\u0443\u043D\u043D\u0443 (\u0441\u044E\u043D\u043D\u0443), \u044F\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0443 \u0406\u0406 \u0441\u0442. \u043D. \u0435. \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434. \u0425\u0443\u043D\u043D\u0443 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0441\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0456 \u041D\u0438\u0436\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0412\u043E\u043B\u0437\u0456 (\u0412\u043E\u043B\u0437\u044C\u043A\u043E-\u0423\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0435 \u043C\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0447\u0447\u044F) \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0456\u043D\u0446\u0456 II \u0441\u0442. \u043D. \u0435., \u043F\u0456\u0434\u043A\u043E\u0440\u044E\u044E\u0447\u0438 \u0444\u0456\u043D\u043E-\u0443\u0433\u043E\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u043F\u043B\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u043C\u0456\u0448\u0443\u044E\u0447\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0456\u0437 \u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438. \u0423 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0456 IV \u0441\u0442. \u043E\u0431'\u0454\u0434\u043D\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043F\u043B\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D, \u043E\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043D\u043E, \u043E\u0447\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0435 \u0445\u0443\u043D\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u0456\u0432\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0435 \u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u043C \u043F\u0456\u0434 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043E\u044E \u0433\u0443\u043D\u0456\u0432, \u0440\u0443\u0448\u0438\u043B\u043E \u0434\u043E \u041F\u0456\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u041F\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043E\u0440\u043D\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0440'\u044F, \u0430 \u0437\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0438 \u2014 \u0432 \u043C\u0435\u0436\u0456 \u0420\u0438\u043C\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0457."@uk , "La hunoj estas popolo origine el Centra Azio, kiu kreis imperion en orienta E\u016Dropo en la unuaj jarcentoj de nia erao. Oni foje rilatigas ilin al pli antikva popolo \u015Diungnuoj. La unuaj \u0109inaj fontoj skribas pri ili jam en la 12-a jarcento a.K. kiel hsiung-nu (hiung-nu), kiam ili da\u016Dre penetris Nord-\u0108inion kaj prirabis la areon. Ilia \u0109efa okupi\u011Do estis la nomada bestobredado kaj la \u0109asado. En la 3-a jarcento a.K. formi\u011Dis la asocio de 24 hunaj triboj, kiu kondukis prirabajn militirojn en Orient-Azion. La \u0109inoj ekkonstruis la Grandan \u0108inan Muron \u0109efe pro tiuj militiroj dum la Dinastio de \u0108in. La sukcesaj militiroj de \u0108inio kaj la ribeloj de la konkeritaj popoloj kondukis al la disfalo de la huna asocio en la 1-a jarcento a. K. Formi\u011Dis du asocioj, el kiu la asocio de la sudaj triboj venis al dependa situo al \u0108inio. Tiu historia rilato inter \u015Diungnuoj kaj hunoj ne estas tamen akceptata de \u0109iuj esploristoj."@eo , "\u039F\u03B9 \u039F\u03CD\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9 \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03B4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03BB\u03B1\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03AD\u03B6\u03B7\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u039A\u03B5\u03BD\u03C4\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u0391\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1, \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u039A\u03B1\u03CD\u03BA\u03B1\u03C3\u03BF \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u0391\u03BD\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u0395\u03C5\u03C1\u03CE\u03C0\u03B7 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BE\u03CD \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 6\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD\u03B1 \u03BC.\u03A7. \u03A3\u03CD\u03BC\u03C6\u03C9\u03BD\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B5\u03C5\u03C1\u03C9\u03C0\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03AE \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03AC\u03B4\u03BF\u03C3\u03B7 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C6\u03AD\u03C1\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03C4\u03B7 \u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03AC \u03CC\u03C4\u03B9 \u03B6\u03BF\u03CD\u03C3\u03B1\u03BD \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B1\u03BC\u03BF\u03CD \u0392\u03CC\u03BB\u03B3\u03B1 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03BC\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BF\u03C7\u03AE \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B5\u03BA\u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B5\u03C0\u03BF\u03C7\u03AE \u03B1\u03BD\u03AE\u03BA\u03B5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7 \u03A3\u03BA\u03C5\u03B8\u03AF\u03B1. \u0397 \u03AC\u03C6\u03B9\u03BE\u03B7 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u039F\u03CD\u03BD\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03B4\u03AD\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD\u03AC\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03C5\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B1 \u03B4\u03C5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03B5\u03BD\u03CC\u03C2 \u0399\u03C1\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03BB\u03B1\u03BF\u03CD, \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u0391\u03BB\u03B1\u03BD\u03CE\u03BD. \u03A4\u03BF 370 \u03BC.\u03A7. \u03BF\u03B9 \u039F\u03CD\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9 \u03B5\u03AF\u03C7\u03B1\u03BD \u03C6\u03C4\u03AC\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u0392\u03CC\u03BB\u03B3\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF 430 \u03BF\u03B9 \u039F\u03CD\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9 \u03B5\u03AF\u03C7\u03B1\u03BD \u03B4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03AE\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03AC\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03B1, \u03B1\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B2\u03C1\u03B1\u03C7\u03CD\u03B2\u03B9\u03B1, \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03BA\u03C1\u03AC\u03C4\u03B5\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u0395\u03C5\u03C1\u03CE\u03C0\u03B7, \u03C5\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03AC\u03C3\u03C3\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u0393\u03CC\u03C4\u03B8\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 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\u03B7 \u03B2\u03B1\u03C3\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03AC\u03C0\u03BF\u03C8\u03B7 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C1\u03C1\u03AF\u03C0\u03C4\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03BD\u03AE \u03C3\u03C7\u03AD\u03C3\u03B7 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BE\u03CD \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u039F\u03CD\u03B3\u03B3\u03C1\u03C9\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u039F\u03CD\u03BD\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD. \u0397 \u03C3\u03CD\u03B3\u03C7\u03C1\u03BF\u03BD\u03B7 \u03BA\u03BF\u03C5\u03BB\u03C4\u03BF\u03CD\u03C1\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03B4\u03AD\u03B5\u03B9 \u03B3\u03B5\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u039F\u03CD\u03BD\u03BD\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03B1\u03BA\u03C1\u03B1\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C3\u03BA\u03BB\u03B7\u03C1\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B2\u03B1\u03C1\u03B2\u03B1\u03C1\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1."@el , "Hunoak Erdialdeko Asiako tribu nomada edo erdi-nomaden konfederazioa izan ziren, turkieraren familiako hizkuntza batean mintzatzen zen aristokraziak zuzenduta. Deskribapen zaharrenetan esaten denez, ez zuten etxe finkorik eta ez zuten nekazaritza ezagutzen. Arkua ongi erabiltzen zuten, zaldi gainean oso trebeak ziren eta ausartak eta basatiak ziren borrokan. K.o. 370. urtean Europari eraso zion herri nomada horrek jatorria Asiako erdialdean zuen eta ondorengo zazpi hamarkadetan inperio handi bat eratu zuten. IV. eta V. mendeetan, haien tribu batzuek Europa inbaditu zuten, batez ere Atila haien buruzagia zenean. Volga ibaiaren mugaraino iritsi ziren IV. mendean, eta lehendabizi Volga eta Don ibaietako ibarretan bizi ziren alanoak menderatu zituzten; gero, ostrogodoen inperioa bereganatu zuten, 376an gaurko Errumaniako lurraldeetan bizi ziren bisigodoak mendean hartu zituzten eta Erromatar Inperioaren mugaraino (hots, Danubio ibairaino) iritsi ziren. 432rako, hunoek germaniarren herri asko mendean izanda, erromatarren kontra eraso egiten hasi ziren. Urte horretan, errege bakarra zuten: Rua. 434an hil zenean, haren iloba eta Atilak erregetza hartu zuten. 441ean, erromatarrek sinatua zuten hunoekin eta hala erabaki zuten erromatarrek hunoei ordainketak egingo zizkietela, baina hitza bete ez zutenez, Atilak eraso handia egin zuen Danubioko mugatik aurrera erromatarren kontra. 445ean Atilaren bigarren erasoa izan zen Erromako Ekialdeko inperioaren kontra, eta Balkanetatik Greziaraino iritsi zen. 451n erromatarrek eta bisigodoek Atila menderatu zuten. Atila 453an hil zen, haren semeak elkarren artean borrokatu ziren eta inperioa zatitu egin zuten. Ekialdeko Erromako gobernuak hunoei muga itxi zienez gero, pixkanaka indarra galdu zuten. Bestalde, Txinari eraso zioten xiongnu nomadak ere hunoak zirela uste da. K. a. II. mendean hasi ziren Qin dinastiari erasotzen eta IV. mendeko Han dinastiaraino luzatu ziren erasoak. Persiari eta Indiari ere eraso zieten IV. mendetik VI. mendera \"huno zuriak\" izena hartuta. Azken hunoak Kaukasian bizi izan ziren VIII. mendean."@eu , "\uD6C8\uC871(-\u65CF, Huns)\uC740 4-6\uC138\uAE30 \uC911\uC559 \uC544\uC2DC\uC544\uC640 \uCF54\uCE74\uC11C\uC2A4\uC5D0 \uC874\uC7AC\uD558\uB358 \uBBFC\uC871\uC73C\uB85C, \uD280\uB974\uD06C \uACC4\uC5F4\uB85C \uCD94\uC815\uB418\uB294 \uC720\uBAA9\uBBFC\uC871\uC774\uB2E4.\uC720\uB7FD\uC758 \uC804\uC2B9\uC5D0 \uB530\uB974\uBA74, \uD6C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC740 \uB2F9\uC2DC\uC5D0 \uC2A4\uD0A4\uD2F0\uC544\uB77C\uACE0 \uC54C\uB824\uC9C4 \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC758 \uC77C\uBD80\uC600\uB358 \uBCFC\uAC00\uAC15 \uB3D9\uCABD\uC5D0\uC11C \uC0B4\uACE0 \uC788\uC5C8\uB358 \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uCC98\uC74C \uAE30\uB85D\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC758 \uC815\uCC29\uC740 \uC778\uB3C4\uC774\uB780\uC778 \uACC4\uC5F4 \uBBFC\uC871\uC778 \uC54C\uB77C\uB2C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC758 \uC11C\uCABD\uC73C\uB85C \uC774\uC8FC\uC5D0\uB3C4 \uAD00\uB828\uC774 \uC788\uB2E4. 370\uB144\uC5D0, \uD6C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC740 \uBCFC\uAC00\uAC15\uC5D0 \uC774\uB974\uB800\uACE0, \uB85C\uB9C8 \uC81C\uAD6D\uC758 \uAD6D\uACBD \uBC16\uC5D0 \uC0B4\uACE0 \uC788\uB358 \uACE0\uD2B8\uC871\uACFC \uB2E4\uB978 \uAC8C\uB974\uB9CC\uC871\uB4E4\uC744 \uC815\uBCF5\uD558\uACE0, \uB9CE\uC740 \uAC8C\uB974\uB9CC\uC871\uB4E4\uC744 \uB85C\uB9C8 \uC601\uD1A0\uB85C \uB3C4\uB9DD\uCE58\uAC8C \uD55C, \uC774\uB4E4\uC740 430\uB144\uC5D0 \uBE44\uB85D \uC9E7\uC740 \uAE30\uAC04\uC774\uAE34 \uD558\uC9C0\uB9CC \uC720\uB7FD\uC5D0 \uAC70\uB300\uD55C \uC601\uD1A0\uB97C \uC138\uC6E0\uB2E4. \uD2B9\uD788\uB098 \uC544\uD2F8\uB77C \uC655\uC758 \uC9C0\uB3C4\uD558\uC5D0\uC11C, \uD6C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC740 \uB3D9\uB85C\uB9C8 \uC81C\uAD6D\uC5D0 \uC7A6\uACE0 \uD30C\uAD34\uC801\uC778 \uC57D\uD0C8\uC744 \uBC8C\uC600\uB2E4. 451\uB144\uC5D0\uB294 \uC11C\uB85C\uB9C8 \uC81C\uAD6D\uC758 \uAC08\uB9AC\uC544 \uC18D\uC8FC\uB97C \uCE68\uC785\uD558\uC5EC, \uCE74\uD0C8\uB77C\uC6B0\uB214 \uC804\uD22C\uC5D0\uC11C \uB85C\uB9C8\uC640 \uC11C\uACE0\uD2B8 \uC5F0\uD569\uAD70\uACFC \uAD50\uC804\uD588\uC73C\uBA70, 452\uB144\uC5D0\uB294 \uC774\uD0C8\uB9AC\uC544\uB97C \uCE68\uC785\uD588\uB2E4. 453\uB144\uC5D0 \uC544\uD2F8\uB77C\uAC00 \uC8FD\uC740 \uD6C4\uB85C, \uD6C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC740 \uB85C\uB9C8\uB97C \uD5A5\uD55C \uC704\uD611\uC744 \uBA48\uCD94\uC5C8\uACE0 \uD328\uBC30 \uD6C4\uB85C \uC601\uD1A0\uC758 \uC0C1\uB2F9\uB7C9\uC744 \uC0C1\uC2E4\uD588\uB2E4. \uD6C8\uC871\uC758 \uD6C4\uC608\uB4E4\uC774\uB098 \uC720\uC0AC\uD55C \uBA85\uCE6D\uC744 \uAC00\uC9C4 \uD6C4\uACC4\uC790\uB4E4\uC740 \uB300\uB7B5 4-6\uC138\uAE30\uC5D0 \uB3D9\uC720\uB7FD\uACFC \uC911\uC559 \uC544\uC2DC\uC544\uC758 \uC77C\uBD80\uB97C \uCC28\uC9C0\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uC5C8\uB2E4\uACE0 \uB0A8\uCABD\uACFC \uB3D9\uCABD, \uC11C\uCABD\uC758 \uC774\uC6C3\uD55C \uBBFC\uC871\uB4E4\uC5D0\uAC8C \uAE30\uB85D\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uD6C8\uC871\uC758 \uBCC0\uD615\uC801 \uBA85\uCE6D\uB4E4\uC740 \uCF54\uCE74\uC11C\uC2A4\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 8\uC138\uAE30 \uCD08\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uAE30\uB85D\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. 18\uC138\uAE30\uC5D0 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uD559\uC790 \uB294 \uD6C8\uC871 \uADF8\uB9AC\uACE0 \uAE30\uC6D0\uC804 3\uC138\uAE30 \uBD81\uC544\uC2DC\uC544\uC5D0 \uC874\uC7AC\uD588\uB358 \uD749\uB178\uC871\uACFC\uC758 \uC5F0\uAD00\uC131\uC744 \uC8FC\uC7A5\uD55C \uCD5C\uCD08\uC758 \uC778\uBB3C\uC774 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uAE30\uB124 \uC774\uD6C4\uB85C \uD6C8\uC871\uC740 \uC774\uB780\uACC4 \uC720\uBAA9\uBBFC\uC871\uB4E4\uC758 \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uBC1B\uC740 \uB610\uB294 \uD22C\uB974\uD06C \uBBFC\uC871\uC73C\uB85C \uC54C\uB824\uC838\uC788\uB2E4. \uD6C8\uC871\uC758 \uBB38\uD654\uB294 \uAC70\uC758 \uC54C\uB824\uC9C4 \uAC83\uC774 \uC5C6\uACE0 \uCD5C\uC885\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uD6C8\uC871\uACFC \uAD00\uB828\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4\uB294 \uC720\uC801\uC9C0\uB4E4\uC740 \uADF9\uD788 \uBBF8\uBBF8\uD558\uB2E4. \uD6C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC740 \uCCAD\uB3D9\uC73C\uB85C \uB41C \uAC00\uB9C8\uC1A5\uC744 \uC0AC\uC6A9\uD588\uACE0 \uC778\uC704\uC801\uC778 \uB450\uAC1C\uACE8 \uBCC0\uD615\uC744 \uD55C \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uC5EC\uACA8\uC9C4\uB2E4. \uC544\uD2F8\uB77C \uC2DC\uB300\uC758 \uD6C8\uC871\uC758 \uC2E0\uC559\uC774\uB098 \uC885\uAD50\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uBE44\uBB38\uC740 \uB0A8\uC544\uC788\uB294 \uAC83\uC774 \uC5C6\uACE0, \uC810\uBCF5\uC774\uB098 \uC0E4\uBA3C\uC758 \uC874\uC7AC \uAC19\uC740 \uD48D\uC2B5\uB4E4\uC740 \uC874\uC7AC\uD55C\uB2E4. \uD6C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC774 \uD280\uB974\uD06C\uC5B4\uB97C \uAC00\uC84C\uB358 \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uC54C\uB824\uC84C\uC9C0\uB9CC \uC624\uC9C1 \uC138 \uB2E8\uC5B4\uC774\uC790 \uC778\uBA85\uC5D0 \uD574\uB2F9\uD558\uB294 \uAC83\uB4E4\uC774\uB2E4. \uC778\uBA85\uC740 \uB300\uBD80\uBD84\uC774 \uD280\uB974\uD06C\uC801\uC774\uC9C0\uB9CC \uB3D9\uAC8C\uB974\uB9CC\uC2DD\uC5D0 \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uBC1B\uC558\uB2E4. \uACBD\uC81C\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uC774\uB4E4\uC740 \uC758 \uD615\uD0DC\uB97C \uD574\uC628 \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uC54C\uB824\uC84C\uB2E4. \uB85C\uB9C8\uC640\uC758 \uC811\uCD09\uC774 \uB298\uC5B4\uB0A8\uC5D0 \uB530\uB77C, \uD6C8\uC871\uC758 \uACBD\uC81C\uB294 \uC870\uACF5, \uC57D\uD0C8, \uAD50\uC5ED\uC744 \uD1B5\uD558\uC5EC \uB85C\uB9C8\uC640 \uC810\uCC28 \uC5EE\uC774\uAC8C \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uD6C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC740 \uC720\uB7FD\uC73C\uB85C \uC9C4\uC785\uD560 \uB54C\uB294 \uD1B5\uC77C\uB41C \uC815\uCE58 \uCCB4\uC81C\uB97C \uAC00\uC9C0\uC9C0 \uC54A\uACE0, \uB85C\uB9C8\uC778\uB4E4\uACFC\uC758 \uC804\uC7C1\uC5D0\uC11C \uD1B5\uC77C\uB41C \uBD80\uC871 \uC9C0\uB3C4 \uCCB4\uC81C\uB85C \uBC1C\uC804\uD55C \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uBCF4\uC778\uB2E4. \uD6C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC740 \uB2E4\uC591\uD55C \uC5B8\uC5B4\uB97C \uAC00\uC9C4 \uC5EC\uB7EC \uBBFC\uC871\uB4E4\uC744 \uC9C0\uBC30\uD588\uC73C\uBA70, \uD53C\uC9C0\uBC30 \uBBFC\uC871\uB4E4 \uC77C\uBD80\uB294 \uC790\uAE30\uB4E4\uB9CC\uC758 \uC9C0\uB3C4\uC790\uB97C \uC720\uC9C0\uD588\uB2E4. \uD6C8\uC871\uC758 \uD575\uC2EC \uAD70\uC0AC \uAE30\uC220\uC740 \uAD81\uAE30\uBCD1\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uD6C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC740 \uC11C\uB85C\uB9C8 \uC81C\uAD6D\uC758 \uBD95\uAD34\uC5D0 \uAE30\uC5EC\uB97C \uD55C \uC694\uC18C\uC778 \uAC8C\uB974\uB9CC\uC871\uC758 \uB300\uC774\uB3D9\uC744 \uC790\uADF9\uD588\uC744 \uAC83\uC774\uB2E4. \uD6C8\uC871\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uAE30\uC5B5\uC740 \uC5EC\uB7EC \uC5D0\uB3C4 \uC0B4\uC544\uC788\uB294\uB370, \uAC70\uAE30\uC11C \uD6C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC740 \uAC8C\uB974\uB9CC \uC2E0\uD654\uC758 \uC778\uBB3C\uB4E4\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uC801\uC774\uB098 \uB3D9\uB9F9 \uC5ED\uD560\uB85C \uB098\uC624\uB294 \uAC8C\uB974\uB9CC\uC871 \uC601\uC6C5 \uC804\uC124\uC5D0\uC11C\uBFD0\uB9CC \uC544\uB2C8\uB77C \uAE30\uB3C5\uAD50 \uC131\uC778\uB4E4\uC5D0\uAC8C\uC11C\uB294 \uC801\uB300 \uC778\uBB3C \uC5ED\uD560\uC744 \uD55C\uB2E4. \uD5DD\uAC00\uB9AC\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uD5DD\uAC00\uB9AC\uC778, \uD2B9\uD788\uB098 \uC138\uCF00\uC774\uC778\uACC4\uAC00 \uD6C8\uC871\uB4E4\uC758 \uD6C4\uC190\uC774\uB77C\uB294 \uC911\uC138 \uC5F0\uB300\uAE30\uB97C \uBC14\uD0D5\uC73C\uB85C \uD55C \uC804\uC124\uC774 \uBC1C\uC804\uD588\uB2E4. \uD558\uC9C0\uB9CC \uC8FC\uC694 \uD559\uACC4\uB294 \uD5DD\uAC00\uB9AC\uC778\uACFC \uD6C8\uC871\uB4E4 \uC0AC\uC774\uC758 \uBC00\uC811\uD55C \uAD00\uB828\uC744 \uBD80\uC778\uD55C\uB2E4."@ko ; dbp:commonLanguages dbr:Gothic_language , ""@en , "Various tribal languages"@en , dbr:Hunnic_language ; dbp:conventionalLongName "The Huns"@en ; dbp:dateEvent 452 , 454 , 451 , 445 , 437 ; dbp:datePre "370.0"^^dbd:second ; dbp:eventEnd "Dengizich, son of Attila, dies"@en ; dbp:eventPre "Huns appear north-west of the Caspian Sea"@en ; dbp:eventStart "Conquest of the Alans and Goths"@en . @prefix gold: . dbr:Huns gold:hypernym dbr:Group . @prefix prov: . dbr:Huns prov:wasDerivedFrom . @prefix xsd: . dbr:Huns dbo:wikiPageLength "116900"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; dbo:governmentType dbr:Tribe . @prefix wikipedia-en: . dbr:Huns foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf wikipedia-en:Huns .