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History of Indiana インディアナ州の歴史 Historia de Indiana Histoire de l'Indiana
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インディアナ州の歴史(英: History of Indiana)では、アメリカ合衆国中西部インディアナ州における歴史、社会活動、および住民と制度の発展について概説する。 インディアナ州となった地域にはおそらく紀元前8000年ころにアメリカ州の移住性の先住民族が住んでいた。これらの種族では数千年の間に支配的な種族が次々と入れ替わった。この地域は、最初のヨーロッパ人が入ってきて、1670年代にフランス王国の領土と主張されたときに有史時代が始まった。フランスの支配が100年間続いた後のフレンチ・インディアン戦争の結果、この地域はイギリス王国の支配下に入った。イギリスの支配は短命であり、わずか20年後には、アメリカ独立戦争の結果として新生アメリカ合衆国に委譲された。 南北戦争の間、インディアナ州は政治的に影響力を持ち、国全体の問題について重要な役割を果たした。戦争のために最初に軍隊を動員した西部州として、戦争中のあらゆる戦いにインディアナ州の軍人が関わった。南北戦争終結後、インディアナ州は大統領選挙で重要な接戦州となり、30年の間連邦政府の行方を決めるという国全体に関わる重みを保ち続けた。 La historia humana en Indiana, un estado del Medio Oeste de los Estados Unidos, comienza con los tribus migratorios de los pueblos nativos quienes habitaban Indiana hace unos 10.000 años. Tribus se luchaban por varios años y llegaron a su cima de desarrollo durante el periodo de la cultura misisipiana. La región entró la historia registrada hacia 1670 cuando los primeros europeos vinieron a Indiana y reclamaron el territorio para el Reino de Francia. Después de su dominio sobre el territorio por un siglo sin mucha colonización, Francia cedió su territorio al este del Río Misisipi a Gran Bretaña después de la Guerra franco-india. Gran Bretaña conservó la tierra por más de 20 años, hasta su derrota en la Guerra de Independencia de los Estados Unidos, y entonces cedió la región a los Estados The history of human activity in Indiana, a U.S. state in the Midwest, stems back to the migratory tribes of Native Americans who inhabited Indiana as early as 8000 BC. Tribes succeeded one another in dominance for several thousand years and reached their peak of development during the period of Mississippian culture. The region entered recorded history in the 1670s, when the first Europeans came to Indiana and claimed the territory for the Kingdom of France. After France ruled for a century (with little settlement in this area), it was defeated by Great Britain in the French and Indian War (Seven Years' War) and ceded its territory east of the Mississippi River. Britain held the land for more than twenty years, until after its defeat in the American Revolutionary War, then ceded the entir L'Indiana est un État du Midwest des États-Unis exploré pour la première fois au XVIIe siècle par des colons français venus de la Nouvelle-France. La région est lors de l'exploration européenne peuplée par les tribus amérindiennes Potéouatamis et Chaouanons.
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Indiana History Navbar
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History of Indiana
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The seal of Indiana reflects the state's pioneer era
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1811 1816 1820 1841 1851 1825 1831 1887 1860 1888 1679 1783 1763 until 1670 June 1816 1925
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Historical Periods Major Events
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dbr:Indiana_in_the_American_Civil_War Passage of the dbr:1888_United_States_presidential_election dbr:Indianapolis dbr:War_of_1812 dbr:Indiana_Territory 2 dbr:Indiana_Klan dbr:Indiana_Mammoth_Internal_Improvement_Act State Bankruptcy Pre-history Indiana Statehood Capitol moved to Polly v. Lasselle dbr:Indiana_Gas_Boom dbr:Kingdom_of_France dbr:Kingdom_of_Great_Britain dbr:Constitution_of_Indiana dbr:Tecumseh's_War
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インディアナ州の歴史(英: History of Indiana)では、アメリカ合衆国中西部インディアナ州における歴史、社会活動、および住民と制度の発展について概説する。 インディアナ州となった地域にはおそらく紀元前8000年ころにアメリカ州の移住性の先住民族が住んでいた。これらの種族では数千年の間に支配的な種族が次々と入れ替わった。この地域は、最初のヨーロッパ人が入ってきて、1670年代にフランス王国の領土と主張されたときに有史時代が始まった。フランスの支配が100年間続いた後のフレンチ・インディアン戦争の結果、この地域はイギリス王国の支配下に入った。イギリスの支配は短命であり、わずか20年後には、アメリカ独立戦争の結果として新生アメリカ合衆国に委譲された。 アメリカ合衆国がインディアナを領有した時点では、全地域にヨーロッパ人開拓地がわずか2つあるだけだった。アメリカ合衆国は即座にインディアナの開発を開始した。1800年、インディアナ準州が設立され、1816年に合衆国19番目の州として昇格する時まで着実に開拓が進んだ。州昇格後、新しい州政府はインディアナを荒野の辺境から、開発され、人口があり、繁栄する州に変えるという野心のある計画を開始した。州の創設者達は、道路、運河、鉄道および州営の公共学校の建設に繋がる計画を始めた。1850年代、州人口は100万人を超え、州の創設者達の野心的計画は日の目を見た。 南北戦争の間、インディアナ州は政治的に影響力を持ち、国全体の問題について重要な役割を果たした。戦争のために最初に軍隊を動員した西部州として、戦争中のあらゆる戦いにインディアナ州の軍人が関わった。南北戦争終結後、インディアナ州は大統領選挙で重要な接戦州となり、30年の間連邦政府の行方を決めるという国全体に関わる重みを保ち続けた。 20世紀初期、インディアナ州は強い工業州となり、続く1930年代の世界恐慌では逆流を経験した。インディアナポリス・モーター・スピードウェイの建設で州内の自動車産業が始まり、それに続く都市の成長と2つの世界大戦で多くの発展を見ることになった。第二次世界大戦中に経済復興が始まり、実質成長を享受し続けた。20世紀の後半、イーライリリー・アンド・カンパニーなどの会社が州内で設立され薬品工業で指導的地域となった。 L'Indiana est un État du Midwest des États-Unis exploré pour la première fois au XVIIe siècle par des colons français venus de la Nouvelle-France. La région est lors de l'exploration européenne peuplée par les tribus amérindiennes Potéouatamis et Chaouanons. The history of human activity in Indiana, a U.S. state in the Midwest, stems back to the migratory tribes of Native Americans who inhabited Indiana as early as 8000 BC. Tribes succeeded one another in dominance for several thousand years and reached their peak of development during the period of Mississippian culture. The region entered recorded history in the 1670s, when the first Europeans came to Indiana and claimed the territory for the Kingdom of France. After France ruled for a century (with little settlement in this area), it was defeated by Great Britain in the French and Indian War (Seven Years' War) and ceded its territory east of the Mississippi River. Britain held the land for more than twenty years, until after its defeat in the American Revolutionary War, then ceded the entire trans-Allegheny region, including what is now Indiana, to the newly formed United States. The U.S. government divided the trans-Allegheny region into several new territories. The largest of these was the Northwest Territory, which the U.S. Congress subsequently subdivided into several smaller territories. In 1800, Indiana Territory became the first of these new territories established. As Indiana Territory grew in population and development, it was divided in 1805 and again in 1809 until, reduced to its current size and boundaries, it retained the name Indiana and was admitted to the Union December 11, 1816 as the nineteenth state. The newly established state government set out on an ambitious plan to transform Indiana from a segment of the frontier into a developed, well-populated, and thriving state. State founders initiated an internal improvement program that led to the construction of roads, canals, railroads, and state-funded public schools. Despite the noble aims of the project, profligate spending ruined the state's credit. By 1841, the state was near bankruptcy and was forced to liquidate most of its public works. Acting under its new Constitution of 1851, the state government enacted major financial reforms, required that most public offices be filled by election rather than appointment, and greatly weakened the power of the governor. The ambitious development program of Indiana's founders was realized when Indiana became the fourth-largest state in terms of population, as measured by the 1860 census. Indiana became politically influential and played an important role in the Union during the American Civil War. Indiana was the first western state to mobilize for the war, and its soldiers participated in almost every engagement during the war. Following the Civil War, Indiana remained politically important as it became a critical swing state in U.S. presidential elections. It helped decide control of the presidency for three decades. During the Indiana Gas Boom of the late 19th century, industry began to develop rapidly in the state. The state's Golden Age of Literature began in the same time period, increasing its cultural influence. By the early 20th century, Indiana developed into a strong manufacturing state and attracted numerous immigrants and internal migrants to its industries. It experienced setbacks during the Great Depression of the 1930s. Construction of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, expansion of the auto industry, urban development, and two wars contributed to the state's industrial growth. During the second half of the 20th century, Indiana became a leader in the pharmaceutical industry due to the innovations of companies such as Indiana based Eli Lilly. La historia humana en Indiana, un estado del Medio Oeste de los Estados Unidos, comienza con los tribus migratorios de los pueblos nativos quienes habitaban Indiana hace unos 10.000 años. Tribus se luchaban por varios años y llegaron a su cima de desarrollo durante el periodo de la cultura misisipiana. La región entró la historia registrada hacia 1670 cuando los primeros europeos vinieron a Indiana y reclamaron el territorio para el Reino de Francia. Después de su dominio sobre el territorio por un siglo sin mucha colonización, Francia cedió su territorio al este del Río Misisipi a Gran Bretaña después de la Guerra franco-india. Gran Bretaña conservó la tierra por más de 20 años, hasta su derrota en la Guerra de Independencia de los Estados Unidos, y entonces cedió la región a los Estados Unidos. El gobierno de los Estados Unidos dividió la región en varios nuevos territorios. El más grande fue el Territorio del Noroeste, el que elCongreso entonces dividió otra vez en varios territorios. En 1800, el Territorio de Indiana fue el primer de estos nuevos territorios. Mientras el Territorio de Indiana crecía, fue divido dos veces más, hasta que tuvo sus actuales fronteras y fue admitido a la Unión en 1816 como el decimonoveno estado. El nuevo gobierno estatal empezó a cumplir un plan ambicioso de convertir Indiana de una parte de la frontera a un estado bien desarrollado y poblado. Los fundadores del estado iniciaron un programa de mejora interna, que resultó en la construcción de carreteras, canales, ferrocarriles, y escuelas estatales. Sin embargo, gastos extravagantes arruinaron el crédito del estado. Para el año 1841, el estado estaba al borde de la bancarrota, y fue obligado a liquidar la mayoría de sus obras públicas. Bajo su nueva constitución de 1851, el gobierno estatal promulgó nuevas reformas financieras, requirió que la mayoría de los puestos oficiales sea llenada por la elección en lugar del nombramiento, y debilitó el poder del gobernador. Indiana creció en importancia política y desempeñó un papel clave en la Unión durante la Guerra de Secesión. Indiana fue el primer estado occidental en movilizar para la guerra, y sus soldados participaron en casi todas las batalles durante la guerra. Después de la Guerra, Indiana permaneció importante políticamente y se convirtió en un estado pendular en las elecciones presidenciales. Durante el boom del gas en Indiana, la industria empezó a desarrollarse rápidamente. En el mismo periodo inició la Época Dorada de Literatura en el estado, aumentando su influencia cultural. Para los principios del siglo XX, Indiana era un fuerte estado de fabricación y atraía a varios inmigrantes a sus industrias. El estado sufrió reveses durante la Gran Depresión. La construcción del Indianapolis Motor Speedway, la expansión de la industria automovilística, el desarrollo urbano, y las dos guerras contribuyeron al crecimiento industrial del estado. Durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX, Indiana se convirtió en un centro de la industria farmacéutica debido a las innovaciones de compañías como Eli Lilly.
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