. . . . . . . "El doctorat \u00E9s el programa m\u00E0xim d'educaci\u00F3 superior de moltes universitats. Consisteix en un per\u00EDode de doc\u00E8ncia i un de recerca, amb la lectura p\u00FAblica en acabar d'un projecte o tesi doctoral sobre un tema especialitzat. El doctorat es diferencia del m\u00E0ster o altres programes similars perqu\u00E8 t\u00E9 un fort component te\u00F2ric enfocat a dedicar-se a la recerca universit\u00E0ria. Equival al nivell 8 de l'ISCED. Hi ha cursos postdoctorals, que es consideren del mateix nivell ISCED que el doctorat perque sovint en s\u00F3n ampliacions o aplicacions. D'acord amb la Declaraci\u00F3 de Bolonya i el nou marc d'ensenyament superior a la Uni\u00F3 Europea correspon al tercer cicle dels estudis universitaris. A Catalunya el doctorat \u00E9s un requisit per ser professor titular universitari i catedr\u00E0tic. Consta d'un m\u00E0ster, un treball que dona dret a un t\u00EDtol intermedi i la tesi final, elaborada individualment, amb l'ajuda d'un director de tesi i un tutor. Els doctorats s'adhereixen a departaments que representen les diferents divisions del coneixement. Tenen una durada variable, no inferior als tres anys. Poden complementar-se amb estades pre i postdoctorals per aprofundir en la recerca."@ca . . . . "Doktoreco (el la latina docere, \"instrui\") a\u016D doktora rango (el la latina doctor, \"instruisto\") a\u016D rango de doktoro estas akademia grado donata de universitatoj a\u016D sciencaj institucioj, kiu en plej landoj rajtigas la tenanton instrui je universitata nivelo en la rilatanta scienca fako, a\u016D por labori en specifa profesio. En kelkaj landoj, la plej alta rango en difinita fako estas nomata fina rango. Multaj universitatoj anka\u016D havigas \"honorajn doktorigojn\" al individuoj, kiuj montri\u011Dis meritoplenaj por speciala rekono pro elstara fakula laboro, pro aliaj kontribuoj al la universitato a\u016D al la socio. En la unuopaj landoj la kondi\u0109oj por doktorigo povas esti tre malsamaj. Eble oni povas diri \u011Denerale, ke oni bezonas universitatan diplomon (ekz. de magistro) por doktori\u011Di kaj ke per doktori\u011Do oni poste rajtas fari\u011Di profesoro. Eventuale oni bezonas kromajn kvalifikojn. Doktori\u011Demulo devas havi konsilanton/gvidanton, kiu akompanas la projekton. Kiel doktori\u011Donto oni a\u016D laboras \u0109e universitato kaj estas en certa programo, a\u016D oni estas \"eksterulo\" kiu havas kontakton nur kun la konsilanto/gvidanto. Kutime por doktori\u011Do necesas pluraj jaroj, kvankam anka\u016D tio povas varii la\u016D fako, la\u016D universitato kaj memkompreneble depende de la kapabloj, talento kaj bon\u015Danco de la doktori\u011Donto. Kerno de doktori\u011Do estas la verkado de doktoriga diserta\u0135o. Temas pri sciencnivela verko, kiu montras ke la a\u016Dtoro kapablas esplori sendepende. La pa\u011Dokvanto povas tre varii la\u016D la fakoj kaj aliaj tradicioj, ekz. en medicino a\u016D matematiko povas temi pri malpli ol cent pa\u011Doj, dum en sociaj sciencoj temas pri pluraj centoj da pa\u011Doj. Kutime oni devas publikigi \u011Din. Povas esti, ke por doktori\u011Di oni devas krome trapasi ekzamenojn. La finan proceduron por doktori\u011Do oni nomas promocio; anka\u016D \u011Di povas tre malsami la\u016D la lando a\u016D la universitato. Kutime al la promocio apartenas \"defendo\", en kiu la a\u016Dtoro defendas sian verkon kontra\u016D demandoj de fakuloj."@eo . "\u535A\u58EB\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1ADoctorate\uFF09\u662F\u6559\u80B2\u6A5F\u69CB\u6388\u4E88\u7684\u6700\u9AD8\u4E00\u7D1A\u5B78\u4F4D\uFF0C\u5982\u67D0\u79D1\u7CFB\u54F2\u5B78\u535A\u58EB\u3001\u7406\u5B78\u535A\u58EB\u3001\u6587\u5B78\u535A\u58EB\u3001\u6559\u80B2\u535A\u58EB\u3001\u5DE5\u5546\u7BA1\u7406\u535A\u58EB\u3001\u91AB\u5B78\u535A\u58EB\u3002\u65E5\u5E38\u751F\u6D3B\u4E2D\u535A\u58EB\u5B78\u4F4D\u6703\u8207\u59D3\u6C0F\u76F8\u7D50\u5408\u800C\u88AB\u7A31\u70BA\u67D0\u535A\u58EB\uFF0C\u800C\u535A\u58EB\u7684\u82F1\u6587\u548C\u300C\u91AB\u751F\u300D\u4E00\u6A23\u662F\u300CDoctor\u300D\u3002\u5982\u671F\u671B\u5728\u5927\u5B78\u7372\u5F97\u6559\u8077\uFF0C\u6216\u9032\u5165\u7814\u7A76\u6A5F\u69CB\u5DE5\u4F5C\uFF0C\u7372\u5F97\u535A\u58EB\u5B78\u4F4D\u70BA\u57FA\u672C\u8981\u6C42\u3002\u535A\u58EB\u8AD6\u6587\u5FC5\u9808\u5305\u542B\u8A72\u9818\u57DF\u5275\u65B0\u53C8\u6709\u6DF1\u5EA6\u7684\u5167\u5BB9\uFF0C\u4E26\u901A\u904E\u540C\u884C\u5B78\u8005\u5BE9\u67E5\u65B9\u80FD\u53D6\u5F97\u535A\u58EB\u5B78\u4F4D\uFF1B\u7136\u800C\uFF0C\u6CD5\u5F8B\u535A\u58EB\u96D6\u7A31\u4F5C\u300C\u535A\u58EB\u300D\uFF0C\u9019\u4E0D\u662F\u4E00\u822C\u6240\u6307\u7684\u5B78\u8853\u578B\u300C\u535A\u58EB\u5B78\u4F4D\u300D\uFF0C\u4E0E\u6CD5\u5B66\u535A\u58EB\u6709\u672C\u8D28\u4E0D\u540C\uFF0C\u5728\u7F8E\u570B\u8207PhD\u535A\u58EB\u5B78\u4F4D\u5177\u5099\u540C\u7B49\u5730\u4F4D\uFF08\u90E8\u5206\u570B\u5BB6\u5247\u8996\u70BA\u985E\u78A9\u58EB\u5B78\u4F4D\uFF09\u3002\u4E2D\u56FD\u53E4\u4EE3\u7684\u201C\u535A\u58EB\u201D\u5247\u662F\u6307\u4E13\u95E8\u7CBE\u901A\u67D0\u4E00\u95E8\u5B66\u95EE\u6216\u4F20\u6388\u7ECF\u5B66\u7684\u5B98\u540D\uFF08\u4F8B\u5982\u6F22\u6B66\u5E1D\u6642\u7684\u4E94\u7ECF\u535A\u58EB\uFF09\u3002\u5F8C\u4F86\u535A\u58EB\u4E00\u8A5E\u884D\u751F\u70BA\u53EF\u6307\u6D89\u5C0D\u7279\u5B9A\u7684\u67D0\u4E00\u7A2E\u5C08\u9580\u8077\u696D\u7CBE\u901A\u7684\u4EBA\uFF0C\u6BD4\u5982\u201C\u8336\u535A\u58EB\u201D\u3001\u201C\u9152\u535A\u58EB\u201D\u7B49\uFF0C\u985E\u4F3C\u8FD1\u4EE3\u5C0D\u65BC\u670D\u52D9\u696D\u8DDF\u88FD\u9020\u696D\u5E2B\u5085\u7684\u7A31\u547C\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . "El doctorat \u00E9s el programa m\u00E0xim d'educaci\u00F3 superior de moltes universitats. Consisteix en un per\u00EDode de doc\u00E8ncia i un de recerca, amb la lectura p\u00FAblica en acabar d'un projecte o tesi doctoral sobre un tema especialitzat. El doctorat es diferencia del m\u00E0ster o altres programes similars perqu\u00E8 t\u00E9 un fort component te\u00F2ric enfocat a dedicar-se a la recerca universit\u00E0ria. Equival al nivell 8 de l'ISCED. Hi ha cursos postdoctorals, que es consideren del mateix nivell ISCED que el doctorat perque sovint en s\u00F3n ampliacions o aplicacions."@ca . . . . . . . . . "Dokterandes"@in . "Doctorat"@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u535A\u58EB \uFF08\u306F\u304F\u3057\u3001\u306F\u304B\u305B: Ph.D\u307E\u305F\u306FD.Ph \u82F1: Doctor's degree \u30C9\u30AF\u30BF\u30FC\u30FB\u30C7\u30A3\u30B0\u30EA\u30FC\uFF09\uFF08\u65E5\u672C\u306E\u5B66\u4F4D\u306F\u300C\u306F\u304F\u3057\u300D\u3001\u6614\u306E\u5927\u5B66\u5BEE\u306E\u5B98\u8077\u540D\u306F\u300C\u306F\u304B\u305B\u300D\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305F\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u591A\u304F\u306E\u56FD\u306E\u9AD8\u7B49\u6559\u80B2\u6A5F\u95A2\u30FB\u4F53\u7CFB\u306E\u4E2D\u3067\u4E0E\u3048\u3089\u308C\u308B\u5B66\u4F4D\u306E\u3046\u3061\u6700\u9AD8\u4F4D\u306E\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\uFF08\u535A\u58EB\u306E\u5B66\u4F4D\u53C2\u7167\uFF09\u3002\u56FD\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306F\u4E8B\u5B9F\u4E0A\u535A\u58EB\u3088\u308A\u4E0A\u4F4D\u306E\u5B66\u4F4D\u304C\u5B58\u5728\u3059\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3042\u308B\uFF08\u4F8B\uFF1A\u660E\u6CBB31\u5E74\u5EC3\u6B62\u3055\u308C\u305F\u5927\u535A\u58EB\uFF09\u3002\u82F1\u8A9E\u304B\u3089\u30C9\u30AF\u30BF\u30FC\u3068\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3001\u4E16\u754C\u306E\u6559\u80B2\u30EC\u30D9\u30EB\u3092\u5206\u985E\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308BISCED\u3067\u306F\u6700\u9AD8\u4F4D\u306E\u30EC\u30D9\u30EB8\u3001\u6B27\u5DDE\u8CC7\u683C\u30D5\u30EC\u30FC\u30E0\u30EF\u30FC\u30AF (EQF) \u3067\u3082\u6700\u9AD8\u4F4D\u306E\u30EC\u30D9\u30EB8\u3068\u5B9A\u7FA9\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002 \u300C\u535A\u58EB#\u535A\u58EB\u5B66\u4F4D\u306E\u53D6\u5F97\u65B9\u6CD5\u300D\u3082\u53C2\u7167 \u307E\u305F\u3001\u5B66\u4F4D\u3067\u306F\u306A\u3044\u304C\u3001\u540D\u8A89\u79F0\u53F7\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306E\u540D\u8A89\u535A\u58EB\u306A\u3069\u3082\u5B58\u5728\u3059\u308B\u3002\u5916\u4EA4\u5100\u793C\u4E0A\u3001\u5404\u56FD\u653F\u5E9C\u8981\u4EBA\u7B49\u304C\u535A\u58EB\u53F7\u53D6\u5F97\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308B\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5B98\u540D\u306E\u5F8C\u306B\u535A\u58EB\u95A3\u4E0B\u3068\u656C\u79F0\u3059\u308B\u4E8B\u4F8B\u304C\u898B\u53D7\u3051\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja . "Het doctoraat is de hoogste graad die aan een universiteit behaald kan worden. De bijbehorende titel is doctor of dr. Het behalen van een doctoraat heet promotie, en de persoon die dat doet heet (in Nederland) promovendus of (in Belgi\u00EB) doctorandus. De benaming is afgeleid van het Latijnse gerundivum dat \"hij die moet promoveren/doctoreren\" betekent. Het doctoraatsdiploma ofwel de promotiebul wordt verkregen na de geslaagde verdediging van een proefschrift. Dit is een origineel wetenschappelijk werk waaraan doorgaans meerdere jaren is gewerkt. Het doctoraatsdiploma kan ten vroegste drie jaar na aanvang behaald worden. In de praktijk neemt het wetenschappelijk onderzoek 4 tot 6 jaar in beslag. Meestal is men in die periode aangesteld aan een universiteit of in een wetenschappelijke instelling: contractueel of via een beurs of als assistent aan de universiteit. Het doctoraat moet niet verward worden met het doctoraalexamen, het afsluitende examen dat in Nederland leidde tot de drs. titel, inmiddels vervangen door de graad van Master."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Le doctorat est un dipl\u00F4me de troisi\u00E8me cycle universitaire, nomm\u00E9 philosophi\u00E6 doctor (PhD) dans les pays anglo-saxons. C'est aussi un grade d\u00E9livr\u00E9 par ce dipl\u00F4me, et une exp\u00E9rience de recherche. Ce dipl\u00F4me est d\u00E9livr\u00E9 par les universit\u00E9s et les \u00E9tablissements d'enseignement sup\u00E9rieur accr\u00E9dit\u00E9s. Il donne droit au titre de docteur (Dr). D'autres dipl\u00F4mes, diff\u00E9rents, peuvent reprendre ce nom, leur reconnaissance et leur contenu varient selon les pays. Le grade de doctorat est le grade universitaire le plus \u00E9lev\u00E9 reconnu internationalement."@fr . . "\u03A4\u03BF \u03B4\u03B9\u03B4\u03B1\u03BA\u03C4\u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03B4\u03AF\u03C0\u03BB\u03C9\u03BC\u03B1 (\u0391\u03B3\u03B3\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC: doctorate, \u03C3\u03B5 \u03B1\u03C1\u03BA\u03B5\u03C4\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03C0\u03C4\u03CE\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C6\u03B5\u03C1\u03CC\u03BC\u03B5\u03BD\u03BF \u03B5\u03BD \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03BF\u03BC\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C9\u03C2 PhD - Philosophy Doctorate) \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03C0\u03C4\u03C5\u03C7\u03AF\u03BF \u03B1\u03BD\u03CE\u03C4\u03B1\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03C0\u03C4\u03C5\u03C7\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03C3\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5\u03B4\u03CE\u03BD \u03C4\u03BF \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BF \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03BD\u03AD\u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C0\u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03AC \u03B9\u03B4\u03C1\u03CD\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1. \u03A3\u03B5 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C7\u03CE\u03C1\u03B5\u03C2 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03AF \u03C4\u03BF \u03B1\u03BD\u03CE\u03C4\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF \u03B1\u03BA\u03B1\u03B4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03CC \u03C0\u03C4\u03C5\u03C7\u03AF\u03BF \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BC\u03C0\u03BF\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF \u03BD\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03BA\u03C4\u03B7\u03B8\u03B5\u03AF. \u0391\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03AF \u03B1\u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03B1\u03AF\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03BF \u03B5\u03C6\u03CC\u03B4\u03B9\u03BF \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03AC\u03C3\u03BA\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03B1\u03BA\u03B1\u03B4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C9\u03C2 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B1\u03B3\u03B3\u03B5\u03BB\u03BC\u03AC\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD, \u03CC\u03C0\u03C9\u03C2 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B8\u03B7\u03B3\u03B7\u03C4\u03AE \u03C0\u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BC\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B5\u03C1\u03B5\u03C5\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03AE, \u03C3\u03B5 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03C5\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BA\u03B9\u03BB\u03B1 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BC\u03BF\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03C0\u03B5\u03B4\u03AF\u03B1. \u039F\u03B9 \u03BA\u03AC\u03C4\u03BF\u03C7\u03BF\u03B9 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B4\u03B1\u03BA\u03C4\u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03B4\u03B9\u03C0\u03BB\u03C9\u03BC\u03AC\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BC\u03C0\u03BF\u03C1\u03BF\u03CD\u03BD \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03B1\u03BA\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03C5\u03B8\u03AE\u03C3\u03BF\u03C5\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03C1\u03B9\u03AD\u03C1\u03B1 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03BA\u03C5\u03B2\u03B5\u03C1\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B7 \u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03AE \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03B9\u03B4\u03B9\u03C9\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BC\u03AD\u03B1. \u03A3\u03C4\u03B7 \u0393\u03B5\u03C1\u03BC\u03B1\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03AF \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03CB\u03C0\u03CC\u03B8\u03B5\u03C3\u03B7 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03BE\u03B5\u03BA\u03B9\u03BD\u03AE\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BA\u03AC\u03C0\u03BF\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u0394\u03B9\u03B1\u03C4\u03C1\u03B9\u03B2\u03AE \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C5\u03C6\u03B7\u03B3\u03B5\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1 (Habilitation)."@el . . . . . . . . . "\u535A\u58EB \uFF08\u306F\u304F\u3057\u3001\u306F\u304B\u305B: Ph.D\u307E\u305F\u306FD.Ph \u82F1: Doctor's degree 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\u300C\u535A\u58EB#\u535A\u58EB\u5B66\u4F4D\u306E\u53D6\u5F97\u65B9\u6CD5\u300D\u3082\u53C2\u7167 \u307E\u305F\u3001\u5B66\u4F4D\u3067\u306F\u306A\u3044\u304C\u3001\u540D\u8A89\u79F0\u53F7\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306E\u540D\u8A89\u535A\u58EB\u306A\u3069\u3082\u5B58\u5728\u3059\u308B\u3002\u5916\u4EA4\u5100\u793C\u4E0A\u3001\u5404\u56FD\u653F\u5E9C\u8981\u4EBA\u7B49\u304C\u535A\u58EB\u53F7\u53D6\u5F97\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308B\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5B98\u540D\u306E\u5F8C\u306B\u535A\u58EB\u95A3\u4E0B\u3068\u656C\u79F0\u3059\u308B\u4E8B\u4F8B\u304C\u898B\u53D7\u3051\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . "Doktorego"@eu . . . . "\u535A\u58EB"@zh . "Het doctoraat is de hoogste graad die aan een universiteit behaald kan worden. De bijbehorende titel is doctor of dr. Het behalen van een doctoraat heet promotie, en de persoon die dat doet heet (in Nederland) promovendus of (in Belgi\u00EB) doctorandus. De benaming is afgeleid van het Latijnse gerundivum dat \"hij die moet promoveren/doctoreren\" betekent. Het doctoraat moet niet verward worden met het doctoraalexamen, het afsluitende examen dat in Nederland leidde tot de drs. titel, inmiddels vervangen door de graad van Master."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Doctorat"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1124929005"^^ . . "Doctorado"@es . . . "Doktoreco (el la latina docere, \"instrui\") a\u016D doktora rango (el la latina doctor, \"instruisto\") a\u016D rango de doktoro estas akademia grado donata de universitatoj a\u016D sciencaj institucioj, kiu en plej landoj rajtigas la tenanton instrui je universitata nivelo en la rilatanta scienca fako, a\u016D por labori en specifa profesio. En kelkaj landoj, la plej alta rango en difinita fako estas nomata fina rango. Multaj universitatoj anka\u016D havigas \"honorajn doktorigojn\" al individuoj, kiuj montri\u011Dis meritoplenaj por speciala rekono pro elstara fakula laboro, pro aliaj kontribuoj al la universitato a\u016D al la socio."@eo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uBC15\uC0AC(\u535A\u58EB, Doctor)\uB294 \uB300\uD559\uAD50\uB098 \uD559\uC220\uC804\uBB38\uC5F0\uAD6C\uAE30\uAD00\uC5D0\uC11C \uBD80\uC5EC\uD558\uB294 \uD2B9\uC815\uD55C \uD559\uC704 \uB610\uB294 \uADF8 \uD559\uC704\uB97C \uCDE8\uB4DD\uD55C \uC0AC\uB78C\uC744 \uAC00\uB9AC\uD0A4\uB294 \uB9D0\uB85C, \uC77C\uBC18\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uD2B9\uC815 \uBD84\uC57C\uC758 \uC804\uBB38\uAC00\uC784\uC744 \uC778\uC99D\uD558\uB294 \uCD5C\uACE0 \uC218\uC900\uC758 \uD559\uC704\uC774\uB2E4. \uB300\uAC1C\uC758 \uACBD\uC6B0 \uC881\uC740 \uC758\uBBF8\uB85C, \uC758\uC0AC(\uB77C\uD2F4\uC5B4: Medicinae Doctor) \uB4F1\uC774 \uC81C\uC678\uB41C \uCCA0\uD559\uBC15\uC0AC Ph.D.(\uB77C\uD2F4\uC5B4: Philosophi\u00E6 Doctor, Doctor of Philosophy)\uB97C \uAC00\uB9AC\uD0A8\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . "Doutoramento (portugu\u00EAs europeu) ou doutorado e doutoramento (portugu\u00EAs brasileiro) \u00E9 um grau acad\u00E9mico concedido por uma institui\u00E7\u00E3o de ensino superior universit\u00E1rio, que pode ser uma universidade, um centro universit\u00E1rio, uma faculdade isolada, com o prop\u00F3sito de certificar academicamente a capacidade do candidato para desenvolver investiga\u00E7\u00E3o num determinado campo da ci\u00EAncia (no seu conceito mais abrangente)."@pt . . . . . . . "Doutoramento (portugu\u00EAs europeu) ou doutorado e doutoramento (portugu\u00EAs brasileiro) \u00E9 um grau acad\u00E9mico concedido por uma institui\u00E7\u00E3o de ensino superior universit\u00E1rio, que pode ser uma universidade, um centro universit\u00E1rio, uma faculdade isolada, com o prop\u00F3sito de certificar academicamente a capacidade do candidato para desenvolver investiga\u00E7\u00E3o num determinado campo da ci\u00EAncia (no seu conceito mais abrangente). No caso do grau acad\u00EAmico, espera-se que o aluno adquira capacidade de trabalho independente e criativo. Essa capacidade deve ser demonstrada pela cria\u00E7\u00E3o de novo conhecimento e ser\u00E1 validada por publica\u00E7\u00F5es em bons ve\u00EDculos cient\u00EDficos ou pela obten\u00E7\u00E3o de patentes. \u00C9 essencial para a sele\u00E7\u00E3o ao doutoramento a demonstra\u00E7\u00E3o de qualidades e experi\u00EAncia em pesquisa. Um bom curr\u00EDculo acad\u00EAmico na gradua\u00E7\u00E3o \u00E9 condi\u00E7\u00E3o indispens\u00E1vel, al\u00E9m da elabora\u00E7\u00E3o de uma tese original, que dever\u00E1 ser avaliada por uma banca, composta por professores no m\u00EDnimo doutores."@pt . "\uBC15\uC0AC(\u535A\u58EB, Doctor)\uB294 \uB300\uD559\uAD50\uB098 \uD559\uC220\uC804\uBB38\uC5F0\uAD6C\uAE30\uAD00\uC5D0\uC11C \uBD80\uC5EC\uD558\uB294 \uD2B9\uC815\uD55C \uD559\uC704 \uB610\uB294 \uADF8 \uD559\uC704\uB97C \uCDE8\uB4DD\uD55C \uC0AC\uB78C\uC744 \uAC00\uB9AC\uD0A4\uB294 \uB9D0\uB85C, \uC77C\uBC18\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uD2B9\uC815 \uBD84\uC57C\uC758 \uC804\uBB38\uAC00\uC784\uC744 \uC778\uC99D\uD558\uB294 \uCD5C\uACE0 \uC218\uC900\uC758 \uD559\uC704\uC774\uB2E4. \uB300\uAC1C\uC758 \uACBD\uC6B0 \uC881\uC740 \uC758\uBBF8\uB85C, \uC758\uC0AC(\uB77C\uD2F4\uC5B4: Medicinae Doctor) \uB4F1\uC774 \uC81C\uC678\uB41C \uCCA0\uD559\uBC15\uC0AC Ph.D.(\uB77C\uD2F4\uC5B4: Philosophi\u00E6 Doctor, Doctor of Philosophy)\uB97C \uAC00\uB9AC\uD0A8\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u062F\u0643\u062A\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647"@ar . . . . "141662"^^ . . . . "\u535A\u58EB"@ja . . . . . . "\u0414\u043E\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0442"@uk . . . . . . . . . . "\u0394\u03B9\u03B4\u03B1\u03BA\u03C4\u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03B4\u03AF\u03C0\u03BB\u03C9\u03BC\u03B1"@el . "\u0627\u0644\u062F\u0643\u062A\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064A\u0629: Doctorat)\u200F \u0647\u064A \u062F\u0631\u062C\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u062A\u062E\u0635\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u064A\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u064A \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u062C\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u062A\u0645\u0646\u062D\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062A\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060C \u0648\u0647\u064A \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062E\u0635\u0651\u0635 \u0641\u064A \u0645\u062C\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u060C \u0648\u063A\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064B \u0645\u0627 \u062A\u064F\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u062D\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062C\u0633\u062A\u064A\u0631 \u0648\u062A\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062D\u0644\u0629 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\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0643\u062A\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062F\u0651\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u063A\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062D\u064A\u0627\u0646 \u062A\u0633\u062A\u063A\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062B\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0643\u062B\u064A\u0631. \u062A\u062A\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062D\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0643\u062A\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0646\u062C\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u062D\u062B \u0645\u0628\u062A\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u064A\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062C\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u062D\u0627\u062B \u0645\u062A\u062C\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u064A \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062D\u0629. \u064A\u062A\u0645 \u062A\u0642\u064A\u064A\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062D\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062A\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062C\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062A\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u062E\u062A\u0635\u064A\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0645\u062C\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062D\u0629."@ar . "Doutoramento"@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uBC15\uC0AC"@ko . . "\u03A4\u03BF \u03B4\u03B9\u03B4\u03B1\u03BA\u03C4\u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03B4\u03AF\u03C0\u03BB\u03C9\u03BC\u03B1 (\u0391\u03B3\u03B3\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC: doctorate, \u03C3\u03B5 \u03B1\u03C1\u03BA\u03B5\u03C4\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03C0\u03C4\u03CE\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C6\u03B5\u03C1\u03CC\u03BC\u03B5\u03BD\u03BF \u03B5\u03BD \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03BF\u03BC\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C9\u03C2 PhD - Philosophy Doctorate) \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03C0\u03C4\u03C5\u03C7\u03AF\u03BF \u03B1\u03BD\u03CE\u03C4\u03B1\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03C0\u03C4\u03C5\u03C7\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03C3\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5\u03B4\u03CE\u03BD \u03C4\u03BF \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BF \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03BD\u03AD\u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C0\u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03AC \u03B9\u03B4\u03C1\u03CD\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1. \u03A3\u03B5 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C7\u03CE\u03C1\u03B5\u03C2 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03AF \u03C4\u03BF \u03B1\u03BD\u03CE\u03C4\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF \u03B1\u03BA\u03B1\u03B4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03CC \u03C0\u03C4\u03C5\u03C7\u03AF\u03BF \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BC\u03C0\u03BF\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF \u03BD\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03BA\u03C4\u03B7\u03B8\u03B5\u03AF. \u0391\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03AF \u03B1\u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03B1\u03AF\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03BF \u03B5\u03C6\u03CC\u03B4\u03B9\u03BF \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03AC\u03C3\u03BA\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03B1\u03BA\u03B1\u03B4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C9\u03C2 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B1\u03B3\u03B3\u03B5\u03BB\u03BC\u03AC\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD, \u03CC\u03C0\u03C9\u03C2 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B8\u03B7\u03B3\u03B7\u03C4\u03AE \u03C0\u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BC\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B5\u03C1\u03B5\u03C5\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03AE, \u03C3\u03B5 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03C5\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BA\u03B9\u03BB\u03B1 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BC\u03BF\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03C0\u03B5\u03B4\u03AF\u03B1. \u039F\u03B9 \u03BA\u03AC\u03C4\u03BF\u03C7\u03BF\u03B9 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B4\u03B1\u03BA\u03C4\u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03B4\u03B9\u03C0\u03BB\u03C9\u03BC\u03AC\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BC\u03C0\u03BF\u03C1\u03BF\u03CD\u03BD \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03B1\u03BA\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03C5\u03B8\u03AE\u03C3\u03BF\u03C5\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03C1\u03B9\u03AD\u03C1\u03B1 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03BA\u03C5\u03B2\u03B5\u03C1\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B7 \u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03BF\u03CD\u03C2 \u03AE \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03B9\u03B4\u03B9\u03C9\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BC\u03AD\u03B1. \u03A3\u03C4\u03B7 \u0393\u03B5\u03C1\u03BC\u03B1\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03AF \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03CB\u03C0\u03CC\u03B8\u03B5\u03C3\u03B7 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03BE\u03B5\u03BA\u03B9\u03BD\u03AE\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BA\u03AC\u03C0\u03BF\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u0394\u03B9\u03B1\u03C4\u03C1\u03B9\u03B2\u03AE \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C5\u03C6\u03B7\u03B3\u03B5\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1 (Habilitation)."@el . . . . . . . . . . . . "Le doctorat est un dipl\u00F4me de troisi\u00E8me cycle universitaire, nomm\u00E9 philosophi\u00E6 doctor (PhD) dans les pays anglo-saxons. C'est aussi un grade d\u00E9livr\u00E9 par ce dipl\u00F4me, et une exp\u00E9rience de recherche. Ce dipl\u00F4me est d\u00E9livr\u00E9 par les universit\u00E9s et les \u00E9tablissements d'enseignement sup\u00E9rieur accr\u00E9dit\u00E9s. Il donne droit au titre de docteur (Dr). D'autres dipl\u00F4mes, diff\u00E9rents, peuvent reprendre ce nom, leur reconnaissance et leur contenu varient selon les pays. Le troisi\u00E8me cycle universitaire est le cycle universitaire qui suit les premier et deuxi\u00E8me cycles, il est en g\u00E9n\u00E9ral consacr\u00E9 \u00E0 la recherche, mais peut aussi \u00EAtre d\u00E9di\u00E9e \u00E0 la sp\u00E9cialisation dans les \u00E9tudes de sant\u00E9. Dans certains pays comme la France, il est diff\u00E9rent du troisi\u00E8me cycle d'\u00E9tudes de sant\u00E9 en m\u00E9decine, pharmacie, v\u00E9t\u00E9rinaire, et chirurgie dentaire, sanctionn\u00E9 par un dipl\u00F4me qui ne donne pas le grade de doctorat. Le grade de doctorat est le grade universitaire le plus \u00E9lev\u00E9 reconnu internationalement. En Europe, une personne inscrite en doctorat dans un \u00E9tablissement d'enseignement sup\u00E9rieur effectue un projet de recherche d'une dur\u00E9e minimum de trois ans. En Belgique et en France, elle est rattach\u00E9e \u00E0 une \u00E9cole doctorale de son \u00E9tablissement d'inscription, qui d\u00E9livrera le dipl\u00F4me une fois le doctorat soutenu."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . "A doctorate (from Latin docere, \"to teach\"), doctor's degree (from Latin doctor, \"teacher\"), or doctoral degree is an academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism licentia docendi (\"licence to teach\"). In most countries, a research degree qualifies the holder to teach at university level in the degree's field or work in a specific profession. There are a number of doctoral degrees; the most common is the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), awarded in many different fields, ranging from the humanities to scientific disciplines. In the United States and some other countries, there are also some types of technical or professional degrees that include \"doctor\" in their name and are classified as a doctorate in some of those countries. Professional doctorates historically came about to meet the needs of practitioners in a variety of disciplines. Many universities also award honorary doctorates to individuals deemed worthy of special recognition, either for scholarly work or other contributions to the university or society."@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Doctorate"@en . . "El doctorado es el m\u00E1s alto grado acad\u00E9mico que confieren las universidades u otras instituciones autorizadas.\u200B Quien obtiene este grado es llamado doctor o doctora.\u200B La concesi\u00F3n de un doctorado implica el reconocimiento de la persona candidata como igual por parte de la facultad de la universidad en la que ha estudiado. En el Espacio Europeo de Educaci\u00F3n Superior y en algunos pa\u00EDses occidentales, requiere la superaci\u00F3n previa del grado de maestr\u00EDa. Un estudio realizado en los Estados Unidos sobre tres mil graduados de doctorado muestra que alrededor del 57 % de los doctores se quedan trabajando en el medio universitario y solamente el 4 % van a trabajar a la administraci\u00F3n p\u00FAblica. Del resto, 17 % van a la industria, especialmente a empresas que realizan actividad de investigaci\u00F3n y en algunas \u00E1reas.\u200B"@es . "Unibertsitatean, doktoregoa edo doktoretza maila akademiko gorena da, unibertsitateko titulazio bat duten pertsonek gai zehatz baten gainean doktorego-tesi izeneko ikerketa-lana egin eta epaimahai batek ebaluatu eta onespena eman ondoren lortzen dena. Doktoregoa duten pertsonei doktore deritze. Ingeles hizkuntzako herrialdeetan Ph. D. edo Philosophy Doctor hitzak erabiliz adieratzen da pertsona batek doktorego-maila duela. Orobat, honoris causa doktoreak izendatzen dira unibertsitatean, bizitzan zehar egindako gizartean egindako ekarpen edo burututako ikerketa edo lanagatik sari moduan."@eu . . . . . . . . . "A doctorate (from Latin docere, \"to teach\"), doctor's degree (from Latin doctor, \"teacher\"), or doctoral degree is an academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism licentia docendi (\"licence to teach\"). In most countries, a research degree qualifies the holder to teach at university level in the degree's field or work in a specific profession. There are a number of doctoral degrees; the most common is the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), awarded in many different fields, ranging from the humanities to scientific disciplines."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Doctoraat"@nl . . . . "\u535A\u58EB\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1ADoctorate\uFF09\u662F\u6559\u80B2\u6A5F\u69CB\u6388\u4E88\u7684\u6700\u9AD8\u4E00\u7D1A\u5B78\u4F4D\uFF0C\u5982\u67D0\u79D1\u7CFB\u54F2\u5B78\u535A\u58EB\u3001\u7406\u5B78\u535A\u58EB\u3001\u6587\u5B78\u535A\u58EB\u3001\u6559\u80B2\u535A\u58EB\u3001\u5DE5\u5546\u7BA1\u7406\u535A\u58EB\u3001\u91AB\u5B78\u535A\u58EB\u3002\u65E5\u5E38\u751F\u6D3B\u4E2D\u535A\u58EB\u5B78\u4F4D\u6703\u8207\u59D3\u6C0F\u76F8\u7D50\u5408\u800C\u88AB\u7A31\u70BA\u67D0\u535A\u58EB\uFF0C\u800C\u535A\u58EB\u7684\u82F1\u6587\u548C\u300C\u91AB\u751F\u300D\u4E00\u6A23\u662F\u300CDoctor\u300D\u3002\u5982\u671F\u671B\u5728\u5927\u5B78\u7372\u5F97\u6559\u8077\uFF0C\u6216\u9032\u5165\u7814\u7A76\u6A5F\u69CB\u5DE5\u4F5C\uFF0C\u7372\u5F97\u535A\u58EB\u5B78\u4F4D\u70BA\u57FA\u672C\u8981\u6C42\u3002\u535A\u58EB\u8AD6\u6587\u5FC5\u9808\u5305\u542B\u8A72\u9818\u57DF\u5275\u65B0\u53C8\u6709\u6DF1\u5EA6\u7684\u5167\u5BB9\uFF0C\u4E26\u901A\u904E\u540C\u884C\u5B78\u8005\u5BE9\u67E5\u65B9\u80FD\u53D6\u5F97\u535A\u58EB\u5B78\u4F4D\uFF1B\u7136\u800C\uFF0C\u6CD5\u5F8B\u535A\u58EB\u96D6\u7A31\u4F5C\u300C\u535A\u58EB\u300D\uFF0C\u9019\u4E0D\u662F\u4E00\u822C\u6240\u6307\u7684\u5B78\u8853\u578B\u300C\u535A\u58EB\u5B78\u4F4D\u300D\uFF0C\u4E0E\u6CD5\u5B66\u535A\u58EB\u6709\u672C\u8D28\u4E0D\u540C\uFF0C\u5728\u7F8E\u570B\u8207PhD\u535A\u58EB\u5B78\u4F4D\u5177\u5099\u540C\u7B49\u5730\u4F4D\uFF08\u90E8\u5206\u570B\u5BB6\u5247\u8996\u70BA\u985E\u78A9\u58EB\u5B78\u4F4D\uFF09\u3002\u4E2D\u56FD\u53E4\u4EE3\u7684\u201C\u535A\u58EB\u201D\u5247\u662F\u6307\u4E13\u95E8\u7CBE\u901A\u67D0\u4E00\u95E8\u5B66\u95EE\u6216\u4F20\u6388\u7ECF\u5B66\u7684\u5B98\u540D\uFF08\u4F8B\u5982\u6F22\u6B66\u5E1D\u6642\u7684\u4E94\u7ECF\u535A\u58EB\uFF09\u3002\u5F8C\u4F86\u535A\u58EB\u4E00\u8A5E\u884D\u751F\u70BA\u53EF\u6307\u6D89\u5C0D\u7279\u5B9A\u7684\u67D0\u4E00\u7A2E\u5C08\u9580\u8077\u696D\u7CBE\u901A\u7684\u4EBA\uFF0C\u6BD4\u5982\u201C\u8336\u535A\u58EB\u201D\u3001\u201C\u9152\u535A\u58EB\u201D\u7B49\uFF0C\u985E\u4F3C\u8FD1\u4EE3\u5C0D\u65BC\u670D\u52D9\u696D\u8DDF\u88FD\u9020\u696D\u5E2B\u5085\u7684\u7A31\u547C\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . "Doktoreco"@eo . . . . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u062F\u0643\u062A\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064A\u0629: Doctorat)\u200F \u0647\u064A \u062F\u0631\u062C\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u062A\u062E\u0635\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u064A\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u064A \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u062C\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u062A\u0645\u0646\u062D\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062A\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060C \u0648\u0647\u064A \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062E\u0635\u0651\u0635 \u0641\u064A \u0645\u062C\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u060C \u0648\u063A\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064B \u0645\u0627 \u062A\u064F\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u062D\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062C\u0633\u062A\u064A\u0631 \u0648\u062A\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062D\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062A\u0627\u0630\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0645\u062B\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062E\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0642\u064A\u0642. \u062A\u062E\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u062D\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062A\u062F\u0631\u064A\u0633\u060C \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u062E\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0641\u064A \u062C\u0645\u064A\u0639 \u062C\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062D\u062B \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064A. \u062A\u064F\u0645\u0646\u062D \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0643\u062A\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062F \u062A\u0642\u062F\u064A\u0645 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062D\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062A\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062C\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062A\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062E\u0635\u0635\u064A\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0644\u060C \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062A\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062A\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0646\u064A\u0629\u060C \u064A\u062A\u0645 \u0625\u062B\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062D \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0631\u062C\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062D\u062C\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064A\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0646\u0642\u064A\u062D\u0627\u062A."@ar . "El doctorado es el m\u00E1s alto grado acad\u00E9mico que confieren las universidades u otras instituciones autorizadas.\u200B Quien obtiene este grado es llamado doctor o doctora.\u200B La concesi\u00F3n de un doctorado implica el reconocimiento de la persona candidata como igual por parte de la facultad de la universidad en la que ha estudiado. En el Espacio Europeo de Educaci\u00F3n Superior y en algunos pa\u00EDses occidentales, requiere la superaci\u00F3n previa del grado de maestr\u00EDa."@es . . . . . . . . "Unibertsitatean, doktoregoa edo doktoretza maila akademiko gorena da, unibertsitateko titulazio bat duten pertsonek gai zehatz baten gainean doktorego-tesi izeneko ikerketa-lana egin eta epaimahai batek ebaluatu eta onespena eman ondoren lortzen dena. Doktoregoa duten pertsonei doktore deritze. Ingeles hizkuntzako herrialdeetan Ph. D. edo Philosophy Doctor hitzak erabiliz adieratzen da pertsona batek doktorego-maila duela. Orobat, honoris causa doktoreak izendatzen dira unibertsitatean, bizitzan zehar egindako gizartean egindako ekarpen edo burututako ikerketa edo lanagatik sari moduan."@eu . . . . . . "188886"^^ . . . . . . . . . .