. . "\uC0C1\uC5C5\uC6A9 \uADA4\uB3C4 \uC6B4\uC1A1 \uC11C\uBE44\uC2A4\uB294 \uBBF8\uAD6D NASA\uC758 \uC0C8\uB85C\uC6B4 \uC720\uC778 \uBB34\uC778 \uC6B0\uC8FC\uC120 \uACC4\uD68D\uC774\uB2E4. \uC57D\uC790\uB85C COTS(Commercial Orbital Transportation Services)\uB77C\uACE0 \uBD80\uB978\uB2E4. \uD330\uCEE8 9\uC640 \uC548\uD0C0\uB808\uC2A4\uAC00 \uC120\uC815\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uBBF8\uAD6D \uC6B0\uC8FC\uC655\uBCF5\uC120\uC774 \uD1F4\uC5ED\uD558\uACE0 \uB09C \uC774\uD6C4, \uAD6D\uC81C \uC6B0\uC8FC \uC815\uAC70\uC7A5\uC5D0 \uBCF4\uB0BC \uBB34\uC778\uD654\uBB3C\uC120\uACFC \uC720\uC778\uC6B0\uC8FC\uC120 \uACC4\uD68D\uC774\uB2E4. 2020\uB144 6\uC6D4, \uC2A4\uD398\uC774\uC2A4X\uC0AC\uC758 \uB4DC\uB798\uACE4 2\uD638\uAC00 \uAD6D\uC81C \uC6B0\uC8FC \uC815\uAC70\uC7A5\uC5D0 \uC2B9\uBB34\uC6D0\uC744 \uC218\uC1A1\uD588\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . "El programa Servicios Comerciales de Transporte Orbital o COTS (del ingl\u00E9s Commercial Orbital Transportation Services), es un programa de la NASA para desarrollar naves para la entrega de carga y astronautas a la Estaci\u00F3n Espacial Internacional (ISS) mediante compa\u00F1\u00EDas privadas. Fue anunciado el 18 de enero de 2006.\u200B La NASA sugiri\u00F3 que los \"Servicios Comerciales a la ISS ser\u00EDan necesarios hasta al menos el a\u00F1o 2015\".\u200B."@es . . . . . . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services, \"Kommersiell omloppstransporttj\u00E4nst\" (COTS) var ett NASA-program genom vilket NASA samarbetade med privata f\u00F6retag f\u00F6r att utveckla rymdfarkoster f\u00F6r leverans av bes\u00E4ttning och leveranser till den Internationella rymdstationen. COTS- programmet avslutades i november 2013 efter att de tv\u00E5 f\u00F6retagen SpaceX och Orbital Sciences Corporation hade designat, byggt och avfyrat nya rymdfarkoster med nydesignade raketer."@sv . . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services"@de . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (Systemy Komercyjnego Transportu Orbitalnego), skr. COTS \u2013 program NASA utworzony w celu sfinansowania i koordynowania prac zmierzaj\u0105cych do zapocz\u0105tkowania komercyjnych dostaw zaopatrzenia (cargo) na Mi\u0119dzynarodow\u0105 Stacj\u0119 Kosmiczn\u0105 (ISS). W wyniku wycofania z eksploatacji w 2011 r. ameryka\u0144skich prom\u00F3w kosmicznych Space Shuttle, zaopatrzenie ISS odbywa\u0142o si\u0119 wy\u0142\u0105cznie za pomoc\u0105 zagranicznych \u015Brodk\u00F3w transportu kosmicznego: rosyjskimi statkami Progress, a tak\u017Ce europejskimi Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV) i japo\u0144skimi H-II Transfer Vehicle (HTV). Program COTS ma na celu zmniejszenie uzale\u017Cnienia si\u0119 Stan\u00F3w Zjednoczonych od zagranicznych partner\u00F3w ISS i ich \u015Brodk\u00F3w transportu. Program COTS zosta\u0142 og\u0142oszony 18 stycznia 2006 r. Jeszcze w 2006 r. NASA og\u0142osi\u0142a, \u017Ce zwyci\u0119zcami konkursu na dostawy towar\u00F3w do ISS zosta\u0142y firmy Rocketplane Limited oraz SpaceX. Gdy okaza\u0142o si\u0119, \u017Ce Rocketplane nie b\u0119dzie w stanie wywi\u0105za\u0107 si\u0119 z zadania, 19 lutego 2008 r. NASA og\u0142osi\u0142a, \u017Ce w jej miejsce zwyci\u0119zc\u0105 konkursu jest firma . 23 grudnia 2008 r. NASA og\u0142osi\u0142a zawarcie kontrakt\u00F3w z przedsi\u0119biorstwami SpaceX i Orbital Sciences Corporation na korzystanie w przysz\u0142o\u015Bci z produkowanych przez nie w ramach kontraktu statk\u00F3w kosmicznych, odpowiednio Dragon i Cygnus, celem dostarczania towar\u00F3w na ISS. Kwoty kontrakt\u00F3w za dostaw\u0119 20 ton towar\u00F3w na ISS w okresie 2011\u20132015, wynosz\u0105 1,6 mld USD dla SpaceX i 1,9 mld USD dla Orbital Sciences Corporation. Warto\u015B\u0107 ko\u0144cowa obydw\u00F3ch kontrakt\u00F3w mo\u017Ce zosta\u0107 zwi\u0119kszona do kwot 3,1 mld USD. W ramach tych kontrakt\u00F3w zrealizowano nast\u0119puj\u0105ce prace: \n* SpaceX \u2013 budowa kapsu\u0142y towarowej Dragon i jej rakiety no\u015Bnej Falcon 9 (12 lot\u00F3w). \n* Orbital Sciences Corporation \u2013 budowa kapsu\u0142y towarowej Cygnus i jej rakiety no\u015Bnej Antares (8 lot\u00F3w). Po serii lot\u00F3w testowych, pierwszy kontraktowy lot w ramach programu Commercial Resupply Services, kt\u00F3rego celem by\u0142o sfinansowanie i koordynacja lot\u00F3w zaopatrzeniowych na ISS, odby\u0142 si\u0119 w dniach 8\u201328 pa\u017Adziernika 2012 r. z udzia\u0142em statku Dragon."@pl . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS), (Service de transport commercial orbital), est un programme spatial de la NASA dont le but est de confier \u00E0 des acteurs priv\u00E9s le transport d'une partie du fret et des \u00E9quipages jusqu'\u00E0 la Station spatiale internationale. Ce programme est annonc\u00E9 en janvier 2006 en attendant que la NASA dispose de moyens de lancement lui permettant de remplacer la navette spatiale am\u00E9ricaine retir\u00E9e pr\u00E9matur\u00E9ment. Apr\u00E8s avoir lanc\u00E9 un appel d'offres, la NASA s\u00E9lectionne respectivement en 2006 et 2008, le vaisseau Dragon associ\u00E9 au lanceur Falcon 9 de la soci\u00E9t\u00E9 SpaceX et le vaisseau Cygnus associ\u00E9 au lanceur Antares de la soci\u00E9t\u00E9 Orbital Sciences. Les vols de qualification ont lieu respectivement en d\u00E9cembre 2010 et septembre 2013 avec les premiers transports op\u00E9rationnels en mai 2012 et janvier 2014."@fr . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) \u00E8 stato un programma NASA con lo scopo di coordinare lo sviluppo da parte di aziende private di veicoli spaziali per il trasporto di rifornimenti e di astronauti alla Stazione Spaziale Internazionale. Il programma viene considerato dai responsabili della NASA un successo e un modello per le collaborazioni future con le aziende, in particolar modo per il contenimento delle spese. Diversamente dalle tradizionali utilizzate normalmente dalla NASA, il programma COTS ha permesso di ottenere due lanciatori medi e due navette automatizzate per i rifornimenti alla Stazione Spaziale Internazionale a fronte di un investimento di circa 800 milioni di dollari. Tramite questo programma, nel 2006 sono selezionate le aziende SpaceX e (RpK), tuttavia que"@it . . "Servicios Comerciales de Transporte Orbital"@es . . . "\uC0C1\uC5C5\uC6A9 \uADA4\uB3C4 \uC6B4\uC1A1 \uC11C\uBE44\uC2A4\uB294 \uBBF8\uAD6D NASA\uC758 \uC0C8\uB85C\uC6B4 \uC720\uC778 \uBB34\uC778 \uC6B0\uC8FC\uC120 \uACC4\uD68D\uC774\uB2E4. \uC57D\uC790\uB85C COTS(Commercial Orbital Transportation Services)\uB77C\uACE0 \uBD80\uB978\uB2E4. \uD330\uCEE8 9\uC640 \uC548\uD0C0\uB808\uC2A4\uAC00 \uC120\uC815\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uBBF8\uAD6D \uC6B0\uC8FC\uC655\uBCF5\uC120\uC774 \uD1F4\uC5ED\uD558\uACE0 \uB09C \uC774\uD6C4, \uAD6D\uC81C \uC6B0\uC8FC \uC815\uAC70\uC7A5\uC5D0 \uBCF4\uB0BC \uBB34\uC778\uD654\uBB3C\uC120\uACFC \uC720\uC778\uC6B0\uC8FC\uC120 \uACC4\uD68D\uC774\uB2E4. 2020\uB144 6\uC6D4, \uC2A4\uD398\uC774\uC2A4X\uC0AC\uC758 \uB4DC\uB798\uACE4 2\uD638\uAC00 \uAD6D\uC81C \uC6B0\uC8FC \uC815\uAC70\uC7A5\uC5D0 \uC2B9\uBB34\uC6D0\uC744 \uC218\uC1A1\uD588\uB2E4."@ko . . . "El programa Servicios Comerciales de Transporte Orbital o COTS (del ingl\u00E9s Commercial Orbital Transportation Services), es un programa de la NASA para desarrollar naves para la entrega de carga y astronautas a la Estaci\u00F3n Espacial Internacional (ISS) mediante compa\u00F1\u00EDas privadas. Fue anunciado el 18 de enero de 2006.\u200B La NASA sugiri\u00F3 que los \"Servicios Comerciales a la ISS ser\u00EDan necesarios hasta al menos el a\u00F1o 2015\".\u200B. Debe distinguirse el programa COTS de los programas DTC (siglas en ingl\u00E9s de Commercial Crew Development o Desarrollo Comercial de Tripulaciones) y el CRS (siglas en ingl\u00E9s de Commercial Resupply Services o Servicios Comerciales de Suministros), que son programas relacionados. El COTS est\u00E1 orientado al desarrollo de los veh\u00EDculos, mientras que el DTC y el CRS est\u00E1 enfocado a las entregas. El COTS involucra varios acuerdos de la ley espacial, con la NASA como proveedor de pagos basados en logros. El COTS no implica contratos vinculantes. Por otro lado, el CRS si que implica contratos legalmente vinculantes, que hacen que los proveedores sean responsables si fallan en su tarea. El DTC es un programa relacionado, con el objetivo espec\u00EDfico de desarrollar servicios de rotaci\u00F3n de tripulaciones. Es similar al COTS-D. Estos tres programas son dirigidos por la Oficina del Programa de Carga y Tripulaci\u00F3n Comercial de la NASA, en ingl\u00E9s Commercial Crew and Cargo Program Office (C3PO)."@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services, COTS (\u0443\u043A\u0440. \u041A\u043E\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0443\u0433\u0438 \u043E\u0440\u0431\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043D\u044C) \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0430 \u041D\u0410\u0421\u0410, \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043A\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0435\u043A\u0456\u043F\u0430\u0436\u0443 \u043D\u0430 \u041C\u0456\u0436\u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0443 \u043A\u043E\u0441\u043C\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0456\u044E \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0433\u043E\u044E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0439. \u041F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u043B\u0430 \u0430\u043D\u043E\u043D\u0441\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0430 18 \u0441\u0456\u0447\u043D\u044F 2006, \u043A\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0446\u0442\u0432\u043E \u041D\u0410\u0421\u0410 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0431\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454, \u0449\u043E \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0432 \u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0448\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044F \u0449\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0439\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0448\u0435 \u0434\u043E 2015 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443."@uk . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services"@it . . . . . "\u5546\u696D\u8ECC\u9053\u8F38\u9001\u30B5\u30FC\u30D3\u30B9\uFF08\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304E\u3087\u3046\u304D\u3069\u3046\u3086\u305D\u3046\u30B5\u30FC\u30D3\u30B9\u3001\u82F1\u8A9E: Commercial Orbital Transportation Services, COTS\uFF09\u306F\u3001NASA\u304C\u8A08\u753B\u3057\u8ABF\u6574\u3092\u884C\u306A\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308B\u56FD\u969B\u5B87\u5B99\u30B9\u30C6\u30FC\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3 (ISS) \u3078\u306E\u6C11\u9593\u4F01\u696D\u306B\u3088\u308B\u8F38\u9001\u30B5\u30FC\u30D3\u30B9\u8A08\u753B\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u3053\u306E\u8A08\u753B\u306F2006\u5E741\u670818\u65E5\u306B\u767A\u8868\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002 NASA\u306F\u300E\u5C11\u306A\u304F\u3068\u30822015\u5E74\u307E\u3067\u306B\u306F\u56FD\u969B\u5B87\u5B99\u30B9\u30C6\u30FC\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u3078\u306E\u5546\u696D\u8F38\u9001\u304C\u5FC5\u8981\u306B\u306A\u308B\u3060\u308D\u3046\u300F\u3068\u63D0\u6848\u3057\u305F\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) \u00E8 stato un programma NASA con lo scopo di coordinare lo sviluppo da parte di aziende private di veicoli spaziali per il trasporto di rifornimenti e di astronauti alla Stazione Spaziale Internazionale. Il programma viene considerato dai responsabili della NASA un successo e un modello per le collaborazioni future con le aziende, in particolar modo per il contenimento delle spese. Diversamente dalle tradizionali utilizzate normalmente dalla NASA, il programma COTS ha permesso di ottenere due lanciatori medi e due navette automatizzate per i rifornimenti alla Stazione Spaziale Internazionale a fronte di un investimento di circa 800 milioni di dollari. Tramite questo programma, nel 2006 sono selezionate le aziende SpaceX e (RpK), tuttavia quest'ultima ha terminato il contratto per l'insufficienza dei finanziamenti privati richiesti dall'azienda spaziale statunitense. Quindi, dopo una seconda selezione, al suo posto \u00E8 stata scelta Orbital Sciences Corporation. Il programma COTS \u00E8 correlato al programma Commercial Resupply Services (CRS), ma separato da esso. Mentre quest'ultimo riguarda le missioni di rifornimento, il programma COTS ha finanziato lo sviluppo dei veicoli spaziali attraverso accordi chiamati Space Act Agreement (SAA) che forniscono finanziamenti al raggiungimento di specifici obiettivi. Il programma CRS invece \u00E8 costituito da contratti vincolanti che prevedono delle responsabilit\u00E0 in caso di insuccesso."@it . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services"@pl . . . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services"@uk . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services"@cs . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services, COTS (\u0443\u043A\u0440. \u041A\u043E\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0443\u0433\u0438 \u043E\u0440\u0431\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043D\u044C) \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0430 \u041D\u0410\u0421\u0410, \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043A\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0435\u043A\u0456\u043F\u0430\u0436\u0443 \u043D\u0430 \u041C\u0456\u0436\u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0443 \u043A\u043E\u0441\u043C\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0456\u044E \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0433\u043E\u044E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0439. \u041F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u043B\u0430 \u0430\u043D\u043E\u043D\u0441\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0430 18 \u0441\u0456\u0447\u043D\u044F 2006, \u043A\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0446\u0442\u0432\u043E \u041D\u0410\u0421\u0410 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0431\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454, \u0449\u043E \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0432 \u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0448\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044F \u0449\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0439\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0448\u0435 \u0434\u043E 2015 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443. \u0421\u043B\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0456\u0437\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0443 COTS \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438 CRS (Commercial Resupply Services), \u043E\u0441\u043A\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0438 COTS \u043F\u043E\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0437 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043A\u043E\u043C \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043F\u043E\u0440\u0442\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043E\u0431\u0456\u0432, \u0430 CRS \u0437 \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u044E \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0432\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0456\u0432.\u041D\u0430 23 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043D\u044F 2008 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443 \u041D\u0410\u0421\u0410 \u0443\u043A\u043B\u0430\u043B\u043E \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438 CRS \u0437 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u044F\u043C\u0438 \u00ABOrbital Sciences Corporation\u00BB \u0456 SpaceX, \u0432\u043E\u043D\u043E \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0457\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0456 \u0437\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u043E\u044E COTS \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043B\u0456 \u2014 \u00ABCygnus\u00BB \u0456 \u00ABDragon\u00BB- \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043A\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0456\u0432 \u043D\u0430 \u041C\u041A\u0421."@uk . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS; deutsch \u201Ekommerzielle Transportdienste in die Erdumlaufbahn\u201C) war ein NASA-F\u00F6rderprogramm, um den Transport von Ausr\u00FCstungen, Versorgungsg\u00FCtern und Experimenten zur und von der Internationalen Raumstation (ISS) mit Hilfe von privatwirtschaftlichen Unternehmen zu erm\u00F6glichen. Das Programm wurde am 18. Januar 2006 angek\u00FCndigt. Die NASA ging davon aus, dass diese Hilfe mindestens bis zum Jahr 2015 n\u00F6tig sein w\u00FCrde. COTS umfasst die Entwicklungsleistungen, w\u00E4hrend Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) die tats\u00E4chlichen Leistungen der kommerziellen Partner, also die konkreten Frachtfl\u00FCge, rechtlich verbindlich festlegt. Das Schwesterprogramm Commercial Crew Development (CCDev) ist ein kooperatives Programm, welches auf die Entwicklung von Personent"@de . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) was a NASA program to coordinate the development of vehicles for the delivery of crew and cargo to the International Space Station by private companies. The program was announced on January 18, 2006 and successfully flew all cargo demonstration flights by September 2013, when the program ended. NASA's Final Report on the Commercial Orbital Transportation Services program considers it an unqualified success and a model for future public-private collaboration. Compared to traditional cost-plus contracts employed by NASA, such as the $12 billion Orion (spacecraft) contract, the unprecedented efficiency of the $800 million COTS investment resulted in \"two new U.S. medium-class launch vehicles and two automated cargo spacecraft\". NASA signed COTS agreements with SpaceX and Rocketplane Kistler (RpK) in 2006, but later terminated the agreement with RpK due to insufficient private funding. NASA then signed an agreement with Orbital Sciences in 2008. Independently, NASA awarded contracts for cargo delivery to the International Space Station in December 2008, to Orbital Sciences and SpaceX to utilize their COTS cargo vehicles. COTS is related but separate from the Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) program. COTS related to the development of the vehicles, CRS to the actual deliveries. COTS involved a number of Space Act Agreements, with NASA providing milestone-based payments. COTS did not involve binding contracts. CRS on the other hand does involve legally binding contracts, which means the suppliers would be liable if they failed to perform. Commercial Crew Development (CCDev) is a related program, aimed specifically at developing crew rotation services. It is similar to COTS-D. All three programs are managed by NASA's Commercial Crew and Cargo Program Office (C3PO)."@en . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services, \"Kommersiell omloppstransporttj\u00E4nst\" (COTS) var ett NASA-program genom vilket NASA samarbetade med privata f\u00F6retag f\u00F6r att utveckla rymdfarkoster f\u00F6r leverans av bes\u00E4ttning och leveranser till den Internationella rymdstationen. COTS \u00E4r relaterat men skilt ifr\u00E5n (CRS)-programmet. COTS avser utvecklingen av farkoster, CRS de faktiska leveranserna. COTS inneb\u00E4r inte bindande kontrakt. CRS \u00E5 andra sidan inneb\u00E4r juridiskt bindande avtal, vilket innebar att leverant\u00F6rerna skulle vara ansvariga om de misslyckades med att utf\u00F6ra uppgiften. (CCDev) \u00E4r ett n\u00E4rst\u00E5ende program som syftar specifikt till att utveckla bes\u00E4ttningsrotationstj\u00E4nster. Det liknar COTS-D. Alla tre programmen hanteras av NASA: s Commercial Crew and Cargo Program Office (C3PO). NASA tecknade avtal med SpaceX och (RpK) 2006, men avslutade senare avtalet med p\u00E5 grund av otillr\u00E4cklig privat finansiering. NASA tecknade sedan ett avtal med Orbital Sciences under 2008. NASA tilldelade kontrakt till Orbital Sciences respektive SpaceX f\u00F6r att anv\u00E4nda deras farkoster till fraktleveranser till International Space Station(ISS) i december 2008. I maj 2012 fick SpaceX Dragon uppm\u00E4rksamhet i och med att den blev den f\u00F6rsta kommersiella farkosten att leverera frakt till ISS. Den 22 maj bekr\u00E4ftade NASA att de inte l\u00E4ngre beh\u00F6vde anv\u00E4nda sig av ryska farkoster f\u00F6r transporter till ISS utan enbart anv\u00E4nda sig av de amerikanska kommersiella farkosterna SpaceX Dragon and Orbital Sciences Cygnus, med n\u00E5gra f\u00E5 undantag. COTS- programmet avslutades i november 2013 efter att de tv\u00E5 f\u00F6retagen SpaceX och Orbital Sciences Corporation hade designat, byggt och avfyrat nya rymdfarkoster med nydesignade raketer. NASA: s slutrapport om programmet f\u00F6r kommersiell omloppstransporttj\u00E4nst (COTS) visar att det var en stor framg\u00E5ng och en framtida modell f\u00F6r offentligt-privat samarbete. J\u00E4mf\u00F6rt med traditionella kontrakt som tidigare anv\u00E4nts av NASA som 12 miljarder dollar-kontraktet med Orion (rymdfarkost), resulterade effektiviteten i COTS-investeringen p\u00E5 800 miljoner dollar i \"tv\u00E5 nya amerikanska uppskjutningsraketer f\u00F6r medelstor last samt tv\u00E5 automatiserade rymdfarkoster f\u00F6r frakt\""@sv . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services"@ru . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) was a NASA program to coordinate the development of vehicles for the delivery of crew and cargo to the International Space Station by private companies. The program was announced on January 18, 2006 and successfully flew all cargo demonstration flights by September 2013, when the program ended."@en . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services"@pt . . . . . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (Komer\u010Dn\u00ED orbit\u00E1ln\u00ED dopravn\u00ED slu\u017Eby) byl program americk\u00E9 kosmick\u00E9 agentury NASA zam\u011B\u0159en\u00FD na koordinaci v\u00FDvoje kosmick\u00FDch lod\u00ED pro dopravu pos\u00E1dky a n\u00E1kladu na Mezin\u00E1rodn\u00ED vesm\u00EDrnou stanici soukrom\u00FDmi spole\u010Dnostmi. Na financov\u00E1n\u00ED programu, d\u00EDky n\u011Bmu\u017E vznikly dv\u011B nov\u00E9 n\u00E1kladn\u00ED kosmick\u00E9 lodi i s nosn\u00FDmi raketami, NASA v letech 2006 \u2013 2013 vynalo\u017Eila 788 milion\u016F dolar\u016F."@cs . . . . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) (\u0431\u0443\u043A\u0432. \u0440\u0443\u0441. \u041A\u043E\u043C\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043B\u0443\u0433\u0438 \u043E\u0440\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043F\u043E\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043A\u0438) \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u043C\u0430 \u041D\u0410\u0421\u0410 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043A\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043E\u0432, \u0430 \u0432\u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u044D\u043A\u0438\u043F\u0430\u0436\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u041C\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0443\u044E \u043A\u043E\u0441\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0443\u044E \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0438\u044E (\u041C\u041A\u0421) \u0441 \u043F\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0449\u044C\u044E \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439. \u042F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044C\u044E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0430 Commercial Crew & Cargo Program Office (C3PO). \u041F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u043C\u0430 \u0431\u044B\u043B\u0430 \u0430\u043D\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0430 18 \u044F\u043D\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044F 2006 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430."@ru . "O Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS), \u00E9 um programa da NASA, para coordenar os esfor\u00E7os no sentido deque empresas privadas efetuem o reabastecimento e troca de tripula\u00E7\u00E3o da Esta\u00E7\u00E3o Espacial Internacional. Esse programa, foi anunciado em 18 de Janeiro de 2006, com previs\u00E3o de necessidade de no m\u00EDnimo at\u00E9 2015. Em 2008, a NASA anunciou as empresas vencedoras: \n* A SpaceX, com 12 miss\u00F5es e \n* A Orbital, com 8 miss\u00F5es"@pt . . . . "\uC0C1\uC5C5\uC6A9 \uADA4\uB3C4 \uC6B4\uC1A1 \uC11C\uBE44\uC2A4"@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services"@en . . . . . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS; deutsch \u201Ekommerzielle Transportdienste in die Erdumlaufbahn\u201C) war ein NASA-F\u00F6rderprogramm, um den Transport von Ausr\u00FCstungen, Versorgungsg\u00FCtern und Experimenten zur und von der Internationalen Raumstation (ISS) mit Hilfe von privatwirtschaftlichen Unternehmen zu erm\u00F6glichen. Das Programm wurde am 18. Januar 2006 angek\u00FCndigt. Die NASA ging davon aus, dass diese Hilfe mindestens bis zum Jahr 2015 n\u00F6tig sein w\u00FCrde. COTS umfasst die Entwicklungsleistungen, w\u00E4hrend Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) die tats\u00E4chlichen Leistungen der kommerziellen Partner, also die konkreten Frachtfl\u00FCge, rechtlich verbindlich festlegt. Das Schwesterprogramm Commercial Crew Development (CCDev) ist ein kooperatives Programm, welches auf die Entwicklung von Personentransportkapazit\u00E4ten f\u00FCr die Besatzungswechsel auf der ISS abzielt. Die beiden Entwicklungsprogramme sind Teil des Commercial Crew and Cargo Programs (C3P) und werden vom Cargo Program Office (C3PO) verwaltet."@de . . . . "\u5546\u696D\u8ECC\u9053\u8F38\u9001\u30B5\u30FC\u30D3\u30B9"@ja . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services"@fr . . "1123776251"^^ . . . . . . . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (Komer\u010Dn\u00ED orbit\u00E1ln\u00ED dopravn\u00ED slu\u017Eby) byl program americk\u00E9 kosmick\u00E9 agentury NASA zam\u011B\u0159en\u00FD na koordinaci v\u00FDvoje kosmick\u00FDch lod\u00ED pro dopravu pos\u00E1dky a n\u00E1kladu na Mezin\u00E1rodn\u00ED vesm\u00EDrnou stanici soukrom\u00FDmi spole\u010Dnostmi. Na financov\u00E1n\u00ED programu, d\u00EDky n\u011Bmu\u017E vznikly dv\u011B nov\u00E9 n\u00E1kladn\u00ED kosmick\u00E9 lodi i s nosn\u00FDmi raketami, NASA v letech 2006 \u2013 2013 vynalo\u017Eila 788 milion\u016F dolar\u016F."@cs . "4269889"^^ . . . "\u5546\u696D\u8ECC\u9053\u8F38\u9001\u30B5\u30FC\u30D3\u30B9\uFF08\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304E\u3087\u3046\u304D\u3069\u3046\u3086\u305D\u3046\u30B5\u30FC\u30D3\u30B9\u3001\u82F1\u8A9E: Commercial Orbital Transportation Services, COTS\uFF09\u306F\u3001NASA\u304C\u8A08\u753B\u3057\u8ABF\u6574\u3092\u884C\u306A\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308B\u56FD\u969B\u5B87\u5B99\u30B9\u30C6\u30FC\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3 (ISS) \u3078\u306E\u6C11\u9593\u4F01\u696D\u306B\u3088\u308B\u8F38\u9001\u30B5\u30FC\u30D3\u30B9\u8A08\u753B\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u3053\u306E\u8A08\u753B\u306F2006\u5E741\u670818\u65E5\u306B\u767A\u8868\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002 NASA\u306F\u300E\u5C11\u306A\u304F\u3068\u30822015\u5E74\u307E\u3067\u306B\u306F\u56FD\u969B\u5B87\u5B99\u30B9\u30C6\u30FC\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u3078\u306E\u5546\u696D\u8F38\u9001\u304C\u5FC5\u8981\u306B\u306A\u308B\u3060\u308D\u3046\u300F\u3068\u63D0\u6848\u3057\u305F\u3002 COTS\u306F\u5546\u696D\u88DC\u7D66\u30B5\u30FC\u30D3\u30B9 (Commercial Resupply Services, CRS) \u8A08\u753B\u3068\u306F\u533A\u5225\u3057\u306A\u3051\u308C\u3070\u306A\u3089\u306A\u3044\u3002COTS\u306F\u88DC\u7D66\u6A5F\u306E\u958B\u767A\u306B\u95A2\u308F\u308B\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001CRS\u306F\u5B9F\u969B\u306E\u904B\u642C\u3092\u884C\u3046\u30B5\u30FC\u30D3\u30B9\u306B\u306A\u308B\u3002COTS\u306F\u30DE\u30A4\u30EB\u30B9\u30C8\u30FC\u30F3\u306E\u9032\u6357\u306B\u5FDC\u3058\u3066NASA\u304B\u3089\u306E\u652F\u6255\u3044\u304C\u884C\u308F\u308C\u308B\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3001\u5C06\u6765\u7684\u306A\u8F38\u9001\u5951\u7D04\u3092\u7D04\u675F\u3059\u308B\u3082\u306E\u3067\u306F\u306A\u3044\u3002\u4E00\u65B9\u3001CRS\u306F\u7FA9\u52D9\u7684\u306A\u5951\u7D04\u3068\u306A\u308B\u305F\u3081\u3001\u5951\u7D04\u8005\u306F\u8A08\u753B\u306E\u5931\u6557\u6642\u306B\u306F\u8CAC\u4EFB\u3092\u6709\u3059\u308B\u3053\u3068\u306B\u306A\u308B\u3002\u95A2\u9023\u3059\u308B\u8A08\u753B\u306B\u5546\u696D\u4E57\u54E1\u8F38\u9001\u958B\u767A (Commercial Crew Development, CCDev) \u304C\u3042\u308A\u3001\u3053\u3061\u3089\u306F\u56FD\u969B\u5B87\u5B99\u30B9\u30C6\u30FC\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u306E\u30AF\u30EB\u30FC\u306E\u4EA4\u4EE3\u30B5\u30FC\u30D3\u30B9\u3092\u884C\u3046\u305F\u3081\u306E\u5546\u696D\u6709\u4EBA\u5B87\u5B99\u6A5F\u3060\u3051\u306E\u958B\u767A\u3092\u76EE\u6307\u3059\u3002COTS\u3001CRS\u3001CCDev\u306E3\u3064\u306E\u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30E0\u306F\u3001NASA\u306ECommercial Crew and Cargo Program Office (C3PO) \u304C\u7BA1\u7406\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) (\u0431\u0443\u043A\u0432. \u0440\u0443\u0441. \u041A\u043E\u043C\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043B\u0443\u0433\u0438 \u043E\u0440\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043F\u043E\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043A\u0438) \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u043C\u0430 \u041D\u0410\u0421\u0410 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043A\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043E\u0432, \u0430 \u0432\u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u044D\u043A\u0438\u043F\u0430\u0436\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u041C\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0443\u044E \u043A\u043E\u0441\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0443\u044E \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0438\u044E (\u041C\u041A\u0421) \u0441 \u043F\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0449\u044C\u044E \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439. \u042F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044C\u044E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0430 Commercial Crew & Cargo Program Office (C3PO). \u041F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u043C\u0430 \u0431\u044B\u043B\u0430 \u0430\u043D\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0430 18 \u044F\u043D\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044F 2006 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430. \u0421\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043E\u0442\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u043C\u0443 COTS \u043E\u0442 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u043C\u044B CRS (Commercial Resupply Services), \u0442\u0430\u043A \u043A\u0430\u043A COTS \u0441\u0432\u044F\u0437\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043F\u043E\u0440\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u0430 CRS \u0441 \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043E\u0432. \u041F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u043C\u0430 COTS \u043D\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043C\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u043D\u043E\u0446\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0430, \u0432\u043C\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043E \u044D\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0441\u043F\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0441\u043E\u0433\u043B\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 (Space Act Agreements), \u0441 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u043D\u0435\u043C \u043E\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0451\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0439, \u0441\u043E\u0433\u043B\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u041D\u0410\u0421\u0410 \u043E\u043F\u043B\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043A\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044B\u0439 \u0432\u044B\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u044D\u0442\u0430\u043F."@ru . . . "32472"^^ . . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (Systemy Komercyjnego Transportu Orbitalnego), skr. COTS \u2013 program NASA utworzony w celu sfinansowania i koordynowania prac zmierzaj\u0105cych do zapocz\u0105tkowania komercyjnych dostaw zaopatrzenia (cargo) na Mi\u0119dzynarodow\u0105 Stacj\u0119 Kosmiczn\u0105 (ISS). W ramach tych kontrakt\u00F3w zrealizowano nast\u0119puj\u0105ce prace: \n* SpaceX \u2013 budowa kapsu\u0142y towarowej Dragon i jej rakiety no\u015Bnej Falcon 9 (12 lot\u00F3w). \n* Orbital Sciences Corporation \u2013 budowa kapsu\u0142y towarowej Cygnus i jej rakiety no\u015Bnej Antares (8 lot\u00F3w)."@pl . . "O Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS), \u00E9 um programa da NASA, para coordenar os esfor\u00E7os no sentido deque empresas privadas efetuem o reabastecimento e troca de tripula\u00E7\u00E3o da Esta\u00E7\u00E3o Espacial Internacional. Esse programa, foi anunciado em 18 de Janeiro de 2006, com previs\u00E3o de necessidade de no m\u00EDnimo at\u00E9 2015. Em 2008, a NASA anunciou as empresas vencedoras: \n* A SpaceX, com 12 miss\u00F5es e \n* A Orbital, com 8 miss\u00F5es"@pt . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services"@sv . . . . . "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS), (Service de transport commercial orbital), est un programme spatial de la NASA dont le but est de confier \u00E0 des acteurs priv\u00E9s le transport d'une partie du fret et des \u00E9quipages jusqu'\u00E0 la Station spatiale internationale. Ce programme est annonc\u00E9 en janvier 2006 en attendant que la NASA dispose de moyens de lancement lui permettant de remplacer la navette spatiale am\u00E9ricaine retir\u00E9e pr\u00E9matur\u00E9ment."@fr . . . . . .