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dbr:Pathology_of_multiple_sclerosis
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dbr:Spin–spin_relaxation
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Tempo di rilassamento trasversale スピン-スピン緩和 Spin–spin relaxation
rdfs:comment
Il tempo di rilassamento trasversale o rilassamento spin-spin o T2, è una costante di tempo della risonanza magnetica nucleare, è un fenomeno della fisica nucleare sfruttato per tecniche d'indagine della materia e in campo biomedico a scopo diagnostico. In physics, the spin–spin relaxation is the mechanism by which Mxy, the transverse component of the magnetization vector, exponentially decays towards its equilibrium value in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is characterized by the spin–spin relaxation time, known as T2, a time constant characterizing the signal decay. It is named in contrast to T1, the spin–lattice relaxation time. It is the time it takes for the magnetic resonance signal to irreversibly decay to 37% (1/e) of its initial value after its generation by tipping the longitudinal magnetization towards the magnetic transverse plane. Hence the relation 核磁気共鳴（NMR）や核磁気共鳴画像法（MRI）において、スピン-スピン緩和（スピン スピンかんわ、英: spin-spin relaxation）、または横緩和（よこかんわ）、T2緩和とは、磁化ベクトルの横軸成分 Mxy が指数関数的に減衰して平衡値である0になっていく過程のことである。この過程はスピン-スピン緩和時間または横緩和時間と呼ばれる時定数 T2 によって特徴づけられる。磁化ベクトルの緩和には、他にもスピン-格子緩和（縦緩和）がある（詳細は核磁気共鳴#緩和を参照）。 スピン-スピン緩和時間 T2 は、縦磁化ベクトルが静磁場に垂直な方向へと倒された直後の磁気共鳴信号： が、37%（つまり1/e）まで小さくなるのにかかる時間である。 一般的に横緩和は、縦緩和よりも速く回復する。また異なるサンプルや異なる生物組織では異なる横緩和時間 T2 を持っている。たとえば、流体はプロトンよりも遥かに横緩和時間が長い。アモルファス固体はミリ秒オーダーの T2 を持つ一方、結晶固体ではおよそ1/20 ms程度である。
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In physics, the spin–spin relaxation is the mechanism by which Mxy, the transverse component of the magnetization vector, exponentially decays towards its equilibrium value in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is characterized by the spin–spin relaxation time, known as T2, a time constant characterizing the signal decay. It is named in contrast to T1, the spin–lattice relaxation time. It is the time it takes for the magnetic resonance signal to irreversibly decay to 37% (1/e) of its initial value after its generation by tipping the longitudinal magnetization towards the magnetic transverse plane. Hence the relation . T2 relaxation generally proceeds more rapidly than T1 recovery, and different samples and different biological tissues have different T2. For example, fluids have the longest T2 (on the order of seconds for protons), and water based tissues are in the 40–200 ms range, while fat based tissues are in the 10–100 ms range. Amorphous solids have T2 in the range of milliseconds, while the transverse magnetization of crystalline samples decays in around 1/20 ms. 核磁気共鳴（NMR）や核磁気共鳴画像法（MRI）において、スピン-スピン緩和（スピン スピンかんわ、英: spin-spin relaxation）、または横緩和（よこかんわ）、T2緩和とは、磁化ベクトルの横軸成分 Mxy が指数関数的に減衰して平衡値である0になっていく過程のことである。この過程はスピン-スピン緩和時間または横緩和時間と呼ばれる時定数 T2 によって特徴づけられる。磁化ベクトルの緩和には、他にもスピン-格子緩和（縦緩和）がある（詳細は核磁気共鳴#緩和を参照）。 スピン-スピン緩和時間 T2 は、縦磁化ベクトルが静磁場に垂直な方向へと倒された直後の磁気共鳴信号： が、37%（つまり1/e）まで小さくなるのにかかる時間である。 一般的に横緩和は、縦緩和よりも速く回復する。また異なるサンプルや異なる生物組織では異なる横緩和時間 T2 を持っている。たとえば、流体はプロトンよりも遥かに横緩和時間が長い。アモルファス固体はミリ秒オーダーの T2 を持つ一方、結晶固体ではおよそ1/20 ms程度である。 Il tempo di rilassamento trasversale o rilassamento spin-spin o T2, è una costante di tempo della risonanza magnetica nucleare, è un fenomeno della fisica nucleare sfruttato per tecniche d'indagine della materia e in campo biomedico a scopo diagnostico.
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