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rdfs:label: Sir Gawain e il Cavaliere Verde Сэр Гавейн и Зелёный Рыцарь Heer Gawein en de groene ridder Sir Gawain y el Caballero Verde Sir Galvany i el Cavaller verd Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Sire Gauvain et le Chevalier vert 가웨인 경과 녹기사 Sir Gawain e o Cavaleiro Verde Sir Gawain a Zelený rytíř ガウェイン卿と緑の騎士 Pan Gawen i Zielony Rycerz سير غواين والفارس الأخضر Сер Гавейн і Зелений Лицар Sir Gawain eta Zaldun Berdea Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 高文爵士与绿骑士 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
rdfs:comment: Heer Gawein en de Groene Ridder (Engels: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) is een ridderroman uit de middeleeuwen, geschreven door een onbekende Britse dichter uit de West Midlands. Het is geschreven in het Middelengels (Originele titel: Sir Gawayne and the Grene Knyght) en stamt uit ± 1380. Sir Gawain eta Zaldun Berdea, XIV. mendearen amaieraldera eskuizkribu bakar batean idatzitako erromantze metriko bat da. Arturiar zikloaren kontakizun ezagunenetakoa da, eta bere istorioan bi elementru folkloriko txertatzen ditu: "burugabetzearen jokoa" eta "irabazitako gauzen elkartrukatzea". Kontakizunak galestar, irlandar eta elementuak hartzen ditu, bai eta Frantziako ere. 《가웨인 경과 녹기사》(Syr Gawayn ande þe Grene KnyȜt)는 14세기 말에 쓰인 영국의 서사시로, 현재 대영 도서관에 하나의 사본이 보관되어 있다. 총 2500행 정도의 두운체로 쓰여져 있다. 중세 영어의 웨스트미들랜즈 방언으로 기록되어 있으나, 그 내용은 옛 켈트 신화의 요소를 많이 갖추고 있는 것으로 보인다. 현대어판은 1925년에 J. R. R. 톨킨과 E.V. 고든이 처음 출간하였다. Dom Galvão e o Cavaleiro Verde (em inglês Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) é um romance em versos aliterativos do século XIV escrito em inglês médio. O personagem principal da história é D. Galvão (Sir Gawain), um cavaleiro da távola redonda e sobrinho do rei Artur. A obra inscreve-se, assim, no ciclo arturiano da chamada Matéria da Bretanha da literatura medieval. Sir Galvany i el Cavaller verd (també Sir Gawain i el Cavaller verd) (en anglès Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, en anglès mitjà Sir Gawayn and þe Grene Knyȝt) és una novel·la de cavalleries en vers de finals del segle xiv. És una de les històries artúriques més conegudes, amb la seva trama que combina dos tipus de motius folklòrics: el 'joc de la decapitació' i 'l'intercanvi de les coses guanyades'. Està escrit en estrofes de llargada irregular de versos al·literatius, cadascuna de les quals acaba amb un bob and wheel rimat. El text beu de fonts gal·leses, irlandeses i angleses així com de la tradició cavalleresca francesa. S'ha popularitzat en els països de parla anglesa per les traduccions a l'anglès modern, entre elles la de J. R. R. Tolkien (que també en feu l'edició moderna, amb E. V Sir Gawain and The Green Knight merupakan salah satu dari empat puisi terkenal yang ditulis dalam dialek Northwest Midland pada akhir abad ke-14. Dirangkai dalam bentuk stanza dengan panjang yang berbeda-beda, puisi ini terdiri dari 2.530 baris. Puisi ini mengisahkan tentang Sir Gawain - salah seorang ksatria Raja Arthur - yang menerima tantangan dari Ksatria Hijau (Green Knight) yang misterius untuk menyerangnya dengan sebilah kapak, dengan syarat Sir Gawain bersedia untuk menerima tindakan serupa satu tahun dan satu hari setelahnya. Gawain menerima tantangan tersebut dan memenggal kepala Ksatria Hijau, tokoh misterius itu pun berdiri setelah dipenggal dan pergi membawa kepalanya. Dirinya berpesan bahwa Gawain harus menunggu gilirannya membalas. Dalam usahanya menjaga janji tersebut, Gawa سير غواين والفارس الأخضر (بالإنجليزية: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight)‏ مكتوب بالإنكليزية الوسطى في أواخر القرن الرابع عشر يحكي مغامرة سير أحد فرسان الذين كانوا مع الملك آرثر. في الحكاية، يقبل سير غواين تحدياً من محاربٍ غامض جلده أخضر وكذلك شعره ولحيته وثيابه. يعرض الفارس الأخضر أن يسمح لأيٍ كان بأن يضرب عنقه بالفأس على أن يتلقى المتحدي الضربة ذاتها في . يقبل غواين التحديث ويقطع رأس الفارس الأخضر بضربة واحدة، ليقف الفارس الأخضر ويلتقط رأسه، ويُذكر غواين بأن يُقابله في الموعد المحدد. وتُظهر قصة صراع غواين لمقابلة الفارس الأخضر في الموعد المُحدد ومغامراته طوال الطريق روح الفروسية والولاء. 『ガウェイン卿と緑の騎士』（がうぇいんきょうとみどりのきし、Sir Gawain and the Green Knight）は、イングランドで書かれた作者名不詳の物語。韻文である。1300年代後半、イングランド北西部、現在のマンチェスター周辺で書かれたとされる。作者は名前が明らかでないため、この作品の名を取って「ガウェイン詩人」(Gawain Poet)、あるいはもう一つの代表作"Pearl"の名を取って「パール詩人」(Pearl Poet)と呼びならわされている。用いられている言語は中英語であり、イングランド北西部方言である。 «Сэр Гаве́йн и Зелёный Ры́царь» (англ. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) — аллитерационная поэма неизвестного автора XIV века, которая представляет собой рыцарский роман, посвящённый приключениям сэра Гавейна, племянника короля Артура, и отражает дух рыцарства и верности своему слову. Образы, используемые в поэме, зародились в кельтской, германской и других фольклорно-мифологических традициях. Sire Gauvain et le Chevalier vert (Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) est un roman de chevalerie en vers allitératifs rédigé en moyen anglais vers la fin du XIVe siècle. Ce poème relate une aventure de Gauvain, l'un des chevaliers de la Table ronde du roi Arthur, dont les qualités sont mises à l'épreuve lorsqu'il relève le défi lancé par un mystérieux Chevalier vert. Outre son intrigue complexe et sa langue riche, il renferme de nombreux symboles et thèmes qui s'enracinent dans les cultures et folklores celtique et germanique. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (englisch; mittelenglisch Sir Gawayn and þe grene knyʒt; deutsch „Sir Gawain und der grüne Ritter“) ist eine mittelenglische Ritterromanze in der Tradition der Artusepik. Pan Gawen i Zielony Rycerz (ang. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) – tytuł średniowiecznego poematu przynależącego gatunkowo do angielskich romansów. Utwór datowany jest na XIV wiek, a znany jest z manuskryptu “Cotton Nero A.x” zawierającego oprócz tego poematu jeszcze trzy inne: Perłę (Pearl), Czystość (Cleanness) i Cierpliwość (Patience). Autor jest nieznany, ale przyjmuje się tezę, że wszystkie cztery utwory znajdujące się w manuskrypcie zostały napisane przez tego samego artystę.Utwór napisany jest archaiczną, angielską formą wiersza wywodzącą się ze starożytności, nazywaną dzisiaj poezją aliteracyjną, której odrodzenie przypadło na XIV wiek. 《高文爵士与绿骑士》（Sir Gawain and the Green Knight，又译为高文爵士与绿衣骑士、楊牧譯甲溫與綠騎俠傳奇），14世紀後期韻文叙事诗，題材為亚瑟王传說，作者不詳。1066年威廉公爵彻底征服了英格兰后，法国文化占優勢，本作品廣為流傳。《高文爵士与绿骑士》全诗共計2530行，分為四部分。被称为中世纪英文文學中亚瑟王传說最佳片段。描述高文爵士接受了綠騎士的挑戰，獲得「绿腰带」，卻也在无形中成为女巫摩根勒菲的爪牙。 Sir Gawain a Zelený rytíř nebo též Pan Gawain a Zelený rytíř (Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) je báseň pocházející z konce 14. století napsaná dialektem střední angličtiny z oblasti West Midlands. Jde o rytířský román v aliteračních verších. Rukopis, ve kterém se dochovala, je označován jako Cotton Nero A.x a je uložen v Britském muzeu. Kromě sira Gawaina obsahuje ještě tři básně duchovního zaměření. Příběh sira Gawaina náleží k artušovskému cyklu, s nímž se shoduje v pojetí některých témat jako jsou např. rytířské ctnosti. Sir Gawain e il Cavaliere Verde o Sir Galvano e il Cavaliere Verde è un romanzo cavalleresco allitterativo scritto in medio inglese e risalente al tardo XIV secolo narrante un'avventura di Galvano, un cavaliere appartenente alla Tavola Rotonda. In questo racconto Galvano accetta la sfida lanciata da un misterioso cavaliere completamente verde nei capelli, vestiti e pelle. Il Cavaliere Verde dichiara che permetterà a chiunque di infliggergli un colpo di ascia senza che esso si difenda se egli stesso potrà restituire il colpo esattamente dopo un anno e un giorno. Gawain accetta la sfida e con un sol colpo decapita lo sfidante, questi non muore ma raccoglie la sua testa, balza a cavallo e ricorda a Galvano che gli deve soddisfazione alla data concordata. La storia di Sir Galvano, impegnato ne Sir Gawain y el Caballero Verde es un romance métrico de finales del siglo XIV escrito en un único manuscrito, que también contiene otras tres obras de orientación más cristiana. Los cuatro poemas están enlazados por el uso de un dialecto común, la variedad dialectal de los Midlands del noroeste del inglés medio. Aun así, el eje de la historia de Sir Gawain y el Caballero Verde es más antiguo y comprende muchos elementos, siendo el principal el tema de la decapitación, central en la mitología celta, aunque también incluye elementos de su tiempo, siendo el más importante el de la peste negra. La única copia original de este texto que se conserva es la que se encuentra en el manuscrito «Cotton Nero A.x», el cual se halla almacenado en el Museo Británico. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a late 14th-century chivalric romance in Middle English. The author is unknown; the title was given centuries later. It is one of the best-known Arthurian stories, with its plot combining two types of folk motifs: the beheading game, and the exchange of winnings. Written in stanzas of alliterative verse, each of which ends in a rhyming bob and wheel; it draws on Welsh, Irish, and English stories, as well as the French chivalric tradition. It is an important example of a chivalric romance, which typically involves a hero who goes on a quest which tests his prowess. It remains popular in modern English renderings from J. R. R. Tolkien, Simon Armitage, and others, as well as through film and stage adaptations. "Сер Ґавейн і Зелений Лицар" (англ. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) — алітераційна поема невідомого автора XIV століття, яка є лицарським романом, що присвячений пригодам сера Ґавейна, племінника короля Артура, і відображає дух лицарства та вірності своєму слову. Образи, використані у поемі, зародились у кельтській, германській та інших фольклорно-міфологічних традиціях. В англомовних країнах інтерес до твору зберігається завдяки перекладу із середньоанглійської на сучасну англійську мову Джоном Р. Р. Толкіном. Існують також переклади і Джона Гарднера та кілька екранізацій.
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dbp:stitle: and the Green Knight
dbp:verseForm: Alliterative Revival with bob and wheel
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dbo:thumbnail: n21:Sir_Gawain_first_page_670x990.jpg?width=300
dbp:auto: 1
dbp:caption: First page of only surviving manuscript,
dbp:date: late 14th century
dbp:dtitle: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
dbp:genre: Narrative poem, chivalric romance, Arthurian and alliterative verse
dbp:language: Middle English, North West Midlands dialect
dbp:length: 101
dbp:q: y
dbp:s: y
dbp:series: together with Pearl, Cleanness and Patience
dbp:setting: dbr:North_Wales dbr:West_Midlands_(region) dbr:Peak_District
dbp:subject: King Arthur's Court, testing morality
dbp:author(s)_: Gawain Poet
dbo:abstract: Sir Galvany i el Cavaller verd (també Sir Gawain i el Cavaller verd) (en anglès Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, en anglès mitjà Sir Gawayn and þe Grene Knyȝt) és una novel·la de cavalleries en vers de finals del segle xiv. És una de les històries artúriques més conegudes, amb la seva trama que combina dos tipus de motius folklòrics: el 'joc de la decapitació' i 'l'intercanvi de les coses guanyades'. Està escrit en estrofes de llargada irregular de versos al·literatius, cadascuna de les quals acaba amb un bob and wheel rimat. El text beu de fonts gal·leses, irlandeses i angleses així com de la tradició cavalleresca francesa. S'ha popularitzat en els països de parla anglesa per les traduccions a l'anglès modern, entre elles la de J. R. R. Tolkien (que també en feu l'edició moderna, amb E. V. Gordon, el 1925) i també a través d'adaptacions en forma de pel·lícula i obres de teatre. El text narra com el senyor Galvany (Gawain en anglès o Gauvain en francès), un cavaller de la Taula Rodona del Rei Artús, accepta el repte d'un misteriós Cavaller verd que desafia qualsevol cavaller a tallar-li el coll amb la seva pròpia destral si el cavaller accepta que se li torni el mateix cop al cap d'un any i un dia. Galvany accepta i el decapita, però el Cavaller Verd s'aixeca, recull el seu cap i se'n va tot recordant a Galvany la seva promesa i donant-li cita a la 'Capella Verda' al cap d'un any i un dia. Galvany, en la recerca de la Capella Verda, mostra les seves qualitats cavalleresques i el seu honor és posat a prova en l'episodi de Dama Bertilak, la senyora del castell de Bertilak de Hautdesert. El poema es conserva en un sol manuscrit, el Cotton Nero A.x. a la Biblioteca Britànica, el qual també inclou tres poemes narratius religiosos: Pearl, Purity i Patience. Se suposa que tots són del mateix autor desconegut que s'ha batejat com a 'Pearl Poet' o 'Gawain Poet' ('el poeta del Pearl' o 'del Galvany'). Està escrit en el dialecte de l'anglès mitjà dels Midlands Occidentals. Cal no confondre Sir Gawain and the Green Knight amb una altra obra posterior (del segle xvi o XVII) que narra una història similar: The Greene Knight. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a late 14th-century chivalric romance in Middle English. The author is unknown; the title was given centuries later. It is one of the best-known Arthurian stories, with its plot combining two types of folk motifs: the beheading game, and the exchange of winnings. Written in stanzas of alliterative verse, each of which ends in a rhyming bob and wheel; it draws on Welsh, Irish, and English stories, as well as the French chivalric tradition. It is an important example of a chivalric romance, which typically involves a hero who goes on a quest which tests his prowess. It remains popular in modern English renderings from J. R. R. Tolkien, Simon Armitage, and others, as well as through film and stage adaptations. The story describes how Sir Gawain, a knight of King Arthur's Round Table, accepts a challenge from a mysterious "Green Knight" who dares any knight to strike him with his axe if he will take a return blow in a year and a day. Gawain accepts and beheads him, at which point, the Green Knight stands, picks up his head, and reminds Gawain of the appointed time. In his struggles to keep his bargain, Gawain demonstrates chivalry and loyalty until his honour is called into question by a test involving the lord and the lady of the castle at which he is a guest. The poem survives in one manuscript, Cotton Nero A.x., which also includes three religious narrative poems: Pearl, Cleanness, and Patience. All four are written in a North West Midlands dialect of Middle English, and are thought to have been written by the same author, dubbed the "Pearl Poet" or "Gawain Poet". Sir Gawain eta Zaldun Berdea, XIV. mendearen amaieraldera eskuizkribu bakar batean idatzitako erromantze metriko bat da. Arturiar zikloaren kontakizun ezagunenetakoa da, eta bere istorioan bi elementru folkloriko txertatzen ditu: "burugabetzearen jokoa" eta "irabazitako gauzen elkartrukatzea". Kontakizunak galestar, irlandar eta elementuak hartzen ditu, bai eta Frantziako ere. Sir Gawain and The Green Knight merupakan salah satu dari empat puisi terkenal yang ditulis dalam dialek Northwest Midland pada akhir abad ke-14. Dirangkai dalam bentuk stanza dengan panjang yang berbeda-beda, puisi ini terdiri dari 2.530 baris. Puisi ini mengisahkan tentang Sir Gawain - salah seorang ksatria Raja Arthur - yang menerima tantangan dari Ksatria Hijau (Green Knight) yang misterius untuk menyerangnya dengan sebilah kapak, dengan syarat Sir Gawain bersedia untuk menerima tindakan serupa satu tahun dan satu hari setelahnya. Gawain menerima tantangan tersebut dan memenggal kepala Ksatria Hijau, tokoh misterius itu pun berdiri setelah dipenggal dan pergi membawa kepalanya. Dirinya berpesan bahwa Gawain harus menunggu gilirannya membalas. Dalam usahanya menjaga janji tersebut, Gawain menunjukkan loyalitas dan sikap ksatrianya hingga kehormatannya pun suatu saat diuji dalam peristiwa yang melibatkan Lady Bertilak, seorang putri dari istana Ksatria Hijau. Puisi ini hanya dapat diketahui dari satu-satunya manuskrip berjudul Cotton Nero A.x. yang juga memuat tiga puisi bertema religius: Pearl, Purity dan Patience. Diduga seluruh isi manuskrip ini ditulis oleh satu orang, yang dikenal dengan sebutan "Pearl Poet" atau "Gawain Poet", mengingat seluruh isi manuskrip ini ditulis dalam dialek North West Midland dari Bahasa Inggris abad Pertengahan. «Сэр Гаве́йн и Зелёный Ры́царь» (англ. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) — аллитерационная поэма неизвестного автора XIV века, которая представляет собой рыцарский роман, посвящённый приключениям сэра Гавейна, племянника короля Артура, и отражает дух рыцарства и верности своему слову. Образы, используемые в поэме, зародились в кельтской, германской и других фольклорно-мифологических традициях. «Сэр Гавейн и Зелёный Рыцарь» — значимый образец рыцарского романа, где есть типичный для жанра сюжет, связанный с прохождением героем различных испытаний, которые являются проверкой его качеств. Разнообразные критические трактовки поэмы — от христианской до феминистической — высвечивают различные затронутые в произведении темы, как, например, конфликт между жителями Англии и Уэльса. В англоязычных странах интерес к произведению сохраняется благодаря переложению со среднеанглийского на современный английский язык Джоном Р. Р. Толкином. Существуют также переводы Саймона Армитиджа и Джона Гарднера и несколько экранизаций. Sir Gawain e il Cavaliere Verde o Sir Galvano e il Cavaliere Verde è un romanzo cavalleresco allitterativo scritto in medio inglese e risalente al tardo XIV secolo narrante un'avventura di Galvano, un cavaliere appartenente alla Tavola Rotonda. In questo racconto Galvano accetta la sfida lanciata da un misterioso cavaliere completamente verde nei capelli, vestiti e pelle. Il Cavaliere Verde dichiara che permetterà a chiunque di infliggergli un colpo di ascia senza che esso si difenda se egli stesso potrà restituire il colpo esattamente dopo un anno e un giorno. Gawain accetta la sfida e con un sol colpo decapita lo sfidante, questi non muore ma raccoglie la sua testa, balza a cavallo e ricorda a Galvano che gli deve soddisfazione alla data concordata. La storia di Sir Galvano, impegnato nell'avventuroso viaggio per raggiungere il luogo prescelto dove riceverà il colpo, dimostra il suo spirito di cavalleria e lealtà. Il poema ci è giunto in un singolo manoscritto, codificato come Cotton Nero A.x, che contiene altre tre opere Pearl, Cleanness e Patience (Perla, Purezza e Pazienza). Si sospetta che l'autore sia sempre lo stesso anonimo chiamato, per tanto, "Pearl Poet" o "Gawain Poet". Tutti e quattro i poemi sono scritti in un dialetto del medio inglese parlato nel nord-ovest delle Midlands. La storia nasce quindi dal folklore gallese e inglese, con prestiti evidenti dai più antichi racconti sul "gioco della decapitazione" e vengono messi in risalto l'importanza che la cavalleria e l'onore hanno nelle situazioni di pericolo. Oltre alla trama complessa e all'uso di un ricco linguaggio, il poema interessa molto i critici letterari per il suo sofisticato uso del simbolismo medievale. Il Cavaliere Verde, il gioco della decapitazione o la cintura magica di Galvano per protezione sono simboli importanti che affondano le loro radici nelle antiche culture celtiche, germaniche e nel folklore popolare. Per esempio il Cavaliere Verde viene visto da qualcuno come la rappresentazione dell'uomo verde delle leggende celtiche, mentre altri vi vedono un'allusione a Cristo. Sir Galvano e il Cavaliere Verde è un importante poema appartenente alla letteratura cavalleresca, dove troviamo un eroe impegnato in un'avventura per dimostrare il suo valore. Tuttavia l'ambiguità che circonda la fine della storia lo rende molto più complesso di altre opere. Da un punto di vista cristiano molti sostengono una interpretazione apocalittica della storia, stabilendo così un parallelo tra Galvano e Lady Bertilak e la storia di Adamo ed Eva. Altri critici sostengono che l'opera rappresenti le tensioni tra Inglesi e Gallesi che all'epoca della stesura del poema erano in corso. La popolarità moderna dell'opera è da imputarsi a testi di critica letteraria scritti da J. R. R. Tolkien, da Simon Armitage e da diversi film e adattamenti recenti. Dal poema sono stati tratti due adattamenti per il cinema nel 1973 e 1984. Un terzo film basato su quest'opera ha visto la luce nell'estate del 2021. Dom Galvão e o Cavaleiro Verde (em inglês Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) é um romance em versos aliterativos do século XIV escrito em inglês médio. O personagem principal da história é D. Galvão (Sir Gawain), um cavaleiro da távola redonda e sobrinho do rei Artur. A obra inscreve-se, assim, no ciclo arturiano da chamada Matéria da Bretanha da literatura medieval. 『ガウェイン卿と緑の騎士』（がうぇいんきょうとみどりのきし、Sir Gawain and the Green Knight）は、イングランドで書かれた作者名不詳の物語。韻文である。1300年代後半、イングランド北西部、現在のマンチェスター周辺で書かれたとされる。作者は名前が明らかでないため、この作品の名を取って「ガウェイン詩人」(Gawain Poet)、あるいはもう一つの代表作"Pearl"の名を取って「パール詩人」(Pearl Poet)と呼びならわされている。用いられている言語は中英語であり、イングランド北西部方言である。 سير غواين والفارس الأخضر (بالإنجليزية: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight)‏ مكتوب بالإنكليزية الوسطى في أواخر القرن الرابع عشر يحكي مغامرة سير أحد فرسان الذين كانوا مع الملك آرثر. في الحكاية، يقبل سير غواين تحدياً من محاربٍ غامض جلده أخضر وكذلك شعره ولحيته وثيابه. يعرض الفارس الأخضر أن يسمح لأيٍ كان بأن يضرب عنقه بالفأس على أن يتلقى المتحدي الضربة ذاتها في . يقبل غواين التحديث ويقطع رأس الفارس الأخضر بضربة واحدة، ليقف الفارس الأخضر ويلتقط رأسه، ويُذكر غواين بأن يُقابله في الموعد المحدد. وتُظهر قصة صراع غواين لمقابلة الفارس الأخضر في الموعد المُحدد ومغامراته طوال الطريق روح الفروسية والولاء. نجت القصيدة في مخطوطة واحدة: كوتن نيرو إيه. إكس التي تتضمن كذلك ثلاثة أعمالٍ دينية: . ويُعتقد أن هذه الأعمال قد كُتبت بواسطة المؤلف المجهول نفسه الذي سُمي «» أو «شاعر غواين». جميع مكتوبة بلهجة شمال غرب ميدلاند الإنكليزية الوسطى. لذلك تأتي القصة من التقاليد الإنكليزية والويلزية لتلك المنطقة، مستعيرة من قصص «ألعاب قطع الرأس» السابقة، ومظهرة أهمية الشرف والفروسية في مواجهة الخطر. بالإضافة إلى حبكتها المعقدة ولغتها الغنية، فإن أهمية القصيدة الرئيسية للنقاد الأدبيين تأتي من استخدامها المعقد لرمزية القرون الوسطى. كل شيء في القصيدة من الفارس الأخضر إلى لعبة قطع الرأس إلى التي أُعطيت لغواين للحماية من الفأس رموز غنية متجذرة في التقاليد الثقافية للشعوب الكلتية والجرمانية، ويُفسرها البعض بأنها إشارات إلى الرجل الأخضر في الأسطورة الكلتية والخضر في التراث الإسلامي، كما يفسرها آخرون بأنها إشارات إلى المسيح. سير غواين والفارس الأخضر قصيدة مهمة الذي يحكي غالباً عن بطلٍ يذهب في رحلة تختبر قدراته. مع ذلك، يجعل التباس النهاية القصيدة أكثر تعقيداً من معظم أدب الرومانس. ترى القراءات المسيحية للقصيدة وجود تفسير متعلق بالقيامة فيها، مستنتجة بعض التماثلات بين سير غواين من جهة، وبين قصة آدم وحواء من جهة أخرى. بينما تختلف التفسيرات النسوية للقصيدة فيما بينها، حيث يرى بعضها أن النساء في القصيدة مسيطرات منذ البداية إلى النهاية، بينما ترى دراساتٌ نسوية أخرى أن السيطرة النسوية مجرد وهم. يرى النقاد الثقافيون أن القصيدة ينبغي أن تقرأ كتعبير عن توتر العلاقات بين الشعبين الويلزي والإنكليزي الذي كان موجوداً في إقليم الكاتب. تبقى القصيدة شعبية إلى اليوم من خلال الترجمات التي قام بها كتاب معروفون مثل ج. ر. ر. تولكين وسيمون آرميتاج، بالإضافة إلى تكييفها للسينما والمسرح مراتٍ عديدة. Sire Gauvain et le Chevalier vert (Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) est un roman de chevalerie en vers allitératifs rédigé en moyen anglais vers la fin du XIVe siècle. Ce poème relate une aventure de Gauvain, l'un des chevaliers de la Table ronde du roi Arthur, dont les qualités sont mises à l'épreuve lorsqu'il relève le défi lancé par un mystérieux Chevalier vert. Outre son intrigue complexe et sa langue riche, il renferme de nombreux symboles et thèmes qui s'enracinent dans les cultures et folklores celtique et germanique. Le texte de Sire Gauvain n'est préservé que dans un manuscrit conservé à la British Library qui contient trois autres poèmes, Pearl, Patience et Cleanness, couramment attribués au même auteur, le Pearl Poet. Celui-ci, contemporain de Geoffrey Chaucer, William Langland et John Gower, est considéré avec eux comme l'un des pères de la littérature anglaise, bien que son identité reste inconnue. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (englisch; mittelenglisch Sir Gawayn and þe grene knyʒt; deutsch „Sir Gawain und der grüne Ritter“) ist eine mittelenglische Ritterromanze in der Tradition der Artusepik. "Сер Ґавейн і Зелений Лицар" (англ. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) — алітераційна поема невідомого автора XIV століття, яка є лицарським романом, що присвячений пригодам сера Ґавейна, племінника короля Артура, і відображає дух лицарства та вірності своєму слову. Образи, використані у поемі, зародились у кельтській, германській та інших фольклорно-міфологічних традиціях. Сер Ґавейн і Зелений Лицар — визначний зразок лицарського роману, де є типовий для жанру сюжет, пов’язаний із проходженням героєм різних випробувань, які були перевіркою його якостей. Різноманітні критичні трактування поеми — від християнської до феміністичної — висвітлюють різноманітні у творі теми, як наприклад, конфлікт між жителями Англії та Уельсу. В англомовних країнах інтерес до твору зберігається завдяки перекладу із середньоанглійської на сучасну англійську мову Джоном Р. Р. Толкіном. Існують також переклади і Джона Гарднера та кілька екранізацій. 《高文爵士与绿骑士》（Sir Gawain and the Green Knight，又译为高文爵士与绿衣骑士、楊牧譯甲溫與綠騎俠傳奇），14世紀後期韻文叙事诗，題材為亚瑟王传說，作者不詳。1066年威廉公爵彻底征服了英格兰后，法国文化占優勢，本作品廣為流傳。《高文爵士与绿骑士》全诗共計2530行，分為四部分。被称为中世纪英文文學中亚瑟王传說最佳片段。描述高文爵士接受了綠騎士的挑戰，獲得「绿腰带」，卻也在无形中成为女巫摩根勒菲的爪牙。 Sir Gawain y el Caballero Verde es un romance métrico de finales del siglo XIV escrito en un único manuscrito, que también contiene otras tres obras de orientación más cristiana. Los cuatro poemas están enlazados por el uso de un dialecto común, la variedad dialectal de los Midlands del noroeste del inglés medio. Aun así, el eje de la historia de Sir Gawain y el Caballero Verde es más antiguo y comprende muchos elementos, siendo el principal el tema de la decapitación, central en la mitología celta, aunque también incluye elementos de su tiempo, siendo el más importante el de la peste negra. La única copia original de este texto que se conserva es la que se encuentra en el manuscrito «Cotton Nero A.x», el cual se halla almacenado en el Museo Británico. Pan Gawen i Zielony Rycerz (ang. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) – tytuł średniowiecznego poematu przynależącego gatunkowo do angielskich romansów. Utwór datowany jest na XIV wiek, a znany jest z manuskryptu “Cotton Nero A.x” zawierającego oprócz tego poematu jeszcze trzy inne: Perłę (Pearl), Czystość (Cleanness) i Cierpliwość (Patience). Autor jest nieznany, ale przyjmuje się tezę, że wszystkie cztery utwory znajdujące się w manuskrypcie zostały napisane przez tego samego artystę.Utwór napisany jest archaiczną, angielską formą wiersza wywodzącą się ze starożytności, nazywaną dzisiaj poezją aliteracyjną, której odrodzenie przypadło na XIV wiek. Utwór pozostaje w kręgu legendy arturiańskiej, opisuje niezwykłą przygodę siostrzeńca króla Artura, rycerza Gawena, który, zostawszy wystawionym na ciężką próbę, potrafił wyjść z niej zwycięsko. Sir Gawain a Zelený rytíř nebo též Pan Gawain a Zelený rytíř (Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) je báseň pocházející z konce 14. století napsaná dialektem střední angličtiny z oblasti West Midlands. Jde o rytířský román v aliteračních verších. Rukopis, ve kterém se dochovala, je označován jako Cotton Nero A.x a je uložen v Britském muzeu. Kromě sira Gawaina obsahuje ještě tři básně duchovního zaměření. Příběh sira Gawaina náleží k artušovskému cyklu, s nímž se shoduje v pojetí některých témat jako jsou např. rytířské ctnosti. 《가웨인 경과 녹기사》(Syr Gawayn ande þe Grene KnyȜt)는 14세기 말에 쓰인 영국의 서사시로, 현재 대영 도서관에 하나의 사본이 보관되어 있다. 총 2500행 정도의 두운체로 쓰여져 있다. 중세 영어의 웨스트미들랜즈 방언으로 기록되어 있으나, 그 내용은 옛 켈트 신화의 요소를 많이 갖추고 있는 것으로 보인다. 현대어판은 1925년에 J. R. R. 톨킨과 E.V. 고든이 처음 출간하였다. Heer Gawein en de Groene Ridder (Engels: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) is een ridderroman uit de middeleeuwen, geschreven door een onbekende Britse dichter uit de West Midlands. Het is geschreven in het Middelengels (Originele titel: Sir Gawayne and the Grene Knyght) en stamt uit ± 1380. Van dit verhaal is maar één enkel middeleeuws manuscript bewaard gebleven, dat zich in het British Museum bevindt en dat bekendstaat onder de aanduiding 'Cotton Nero A.x'. Behalve het ridderverhaal bevat het handschrift ook drie religieuze verhalen, waarschijnlijk door dezelfde dichter geschreven: Pearl, Cleanness (of Purity) en Patience. Het dialect waarin het geschreven is verwijst naar een streek in landelijk Engeland op zowat 225 km ten noordwesten van Londen. Mogelijk schreef diezelfde auteur ook een vijfde gedicht, eveneens in allitererende verzen: een legende van de heilige Erkenwald. De eerste moderne uitgave van dit werk werd verzorgd door J.R.R. Tolkien en uitgebracht in 1925. Pas in 1979 werd het werk in het Nederlands vertaald door Erik Hertog, Guido Latré en Ludo Timmerman van de afdeling Engelse literatuur van de Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. Heer Gawein en de Groene Ridder wordt heden ten dage beschouwd als een van de grootste ridderromans aller tijden.
dbp:firstPrintedEdition: 1839
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