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rdfs:label
Marsekal Besar (Indonesia) مشير القوات الجوية Αρχιπτέραρχος Maresciallo della forza aerea Маршал ВВС 空军元帅 Marshal of the air force
rdfs:comment
Marshal of the air force or marshal of the air is a five-star rank (or NATO equivalent OF-10) and an English-language term for the most senior rank in some air forces. It is usually the direct equivalent of a general of the air force in other air forces, a field marshal or general of the army in many armies, or a naval admiral of the fleet. «مشير القوات الجوية» (رتبة خمس نجوم) هو المصطلح الإنجليزي لأكبر رتبة لمسؤة ل في عدد من القوات الجوية. يمكن اعتبار الرتب الموصوفة في هذا المصطلح من رتب «المارشالات». لا يوجد سلاح الجو في بلد ناطق باللغة الإنجليزية يستخدم رسميًا الاسم «مارشال القوات الجوية» حرفيا، على الرغم من أنه يستخدم أحيانًا كشكل مختصر من الاسم الكامل. في العديد من قوات طيران الكومنولث والعديد من القوات الجوية في الشرق الأوسط، يتم تسمية المراتب العليا في سلاح الجو «مارشال» أو «مشير»، متبوعًا باسم سلاح الجو (على سبيل المثال ). Maresciallo dell'aria o Maresciallo della forza aerea è il supremo grado in alcune aviazioni militari, in particolare di tradizione britannica, talora solamente onorifico. In alcuni paese la denominazione del grado è Maresciallo della forza aerea in altri paesi è il grado di maresciallo dell'aria il più elevato attribuibile agli ufficiali dell'aeronautica militare, equivalente a gradi come maresciallo o feldmaresciallo nell'esercito e grande ammiraglio nella marina militare e come questi utilizzato solo in passato o in tempo di guerra, può essere solamente onorifico. Ο αρχιπτέραρχος είναι ο ανώτατος δυνατός Στρατιωτικός Βαθμός, ο οποίος χρησιμοποιείται στις Πολεμικές Αεροπορίες διαφόρων χωρών. Στο ΝΑΤΟ θεωρείται βαθμός 5 αστέρων με τον κωδικό , τον οποίο έφεραν σε διάφορες χρονικούς περιόδους της ιστορίας διακεκριμένοι πτέραρχοι. Στην Ελλάδα ο συγκεκριμένος βαθμός δεν χρησιμοποιείται πλέον. Marsekal Besar adalah pangkat tertinggi yang dapat dicapai oleh seorang perwira TNI Angkatan Udara, pemberian pangkat ini hanya untuk perwira-perwira yang sangat berjasa. Selebihnya, pangkat Marsekal (4 bintang) yang biasanya dicapai oleh perwira-perwira tinggi. Pangkat ini ditandai dengan lima bintang emas di pundak. Pangkat ini sepadan dengan Jenderal Besar di TNI Angkatan Darat dan Laksamana Besar di TNI Angkatan Laut. Sampai saat ini belum ada seorangpun perwira TNI Angkatan Udara yang dianugerahi pangkat tersebut. Маршал ВВС — высшее воинское звание в военно-воздушных силах ряда стран, соответствующее фельдмаршалу в сухопутных войсках. Является примерным аналогом главного маршала авиации. Такое звание (Маршал Королевских ВВС) введено впервые в Великобритании в 1919 году и присвоено впервые сэру Хью Тренчарду в 1927 году. 空军元帅是空军军衔中等级最高者，在很多国家该军衔仅在战争时授予。 部分国家同等级的军衔并不称为空军元帅，例如美国空军此等级的军衔称为空军五星上将，苏联空军此等级的军衔則称为空军主帅（苏联也有空军元帅军衔，苏联的空军元帅为军兵种元帅，相当于大将军衔）。
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Маршал ВВС — высшее воинское звание в военно-воздушных силах ряда стран, соответствующее фельдмаршалу в сухопутных войсках. Является примерным аналогом главного маршала авиации. Такое звание (Маршал Королевских ВВС) введено впервые в Великобритании в 1919 году и присвоено впервые сэру Хью Тренчарду в 1927 году. Распространено в государствах британского содружества, в которых обычно имеет название вида «Маршал N», где «N» — название военно-воздушных сил соответствующей страны (например, Маршал Королевских Австралийских ВВС). В Бразилии (ранее также в Италии) соответствующее звание именуется «Маршал воздуха», в то время как аналогичный ранг в Португалии переводится как «Маршал военно-воздушных сил». «مشير القوات الجوية» (رتبة خمس نجوم) هو المصطلح الإنجليزي لأكبر رتبة لمسؤة ل في عدد من القوات الجوية. يمكن اعتبار الرتب الموصوفة في هذا المصطلح من رتب «المارشالات». لا يوجد سلاح الجو في بلد ناطق باللغة الإنجليزية يستخدم رسميًا الاسم «مارشال القوات الجوية» حرفيا، على الرغم من أنه يستخدم أحيانًا كشكل مختصر من الاسم الكامل. في العديد من قوات طيران الكومنولث والعديد من القوات الجوية في الشرق الأوسط، يتم تسمية المراتب العليا في سلاح الجو «مارشال» أو «مشير»، متبوعًا باسم سلاح الجو (على سبيل المثال ). استخدمت البرازيل وإيطاليا ألقاب الرتبة التي تترجم حرفيًا كـ «مارشال أوف إير» ، بينما ترجمت رتبة البرتغال «مارشال القوات الجوية». استخدم الناطق بالالمانية فيلد مارشال (في سلاح الجو الألماني) رتبة جنرال فيلد مارشال (يستخدمها الجيش الألماني أيضًا). احتل هيرمان جورينج أعلى رتبة في الرايخ بريتة مارشال الرايخ. المثال الأول لاستخدام هذه الرتبة كان مارشال سلاح الجو الملكي، الذي أنشئ على الورق في عام 1919 واحتفظ به اللورد ترينشارد لأول مرة (من عام 1927 فصاعدا). تبنت دول الكومنولث الأخرى لاحقًا نسختها الوطنية الخاصة من الرتبة، ولكن على عكس المملكة المتحدة، فإنها لم تستخدمها إلا كرتبة شرفية. Marshal of the air force or marshal of the air is a five-star rank (or NATO equivalent OF-10) and an English-language term for the most senior rank in some air forces. It is usually the direct equivalent of a general of the air force in other air forces, a field marshal or general of the army in many armies, or a naval admiral of the fleet. The rank may be regarded as originating in the British Royal Air Force (RAF), in which the most senior rank remains Marshal of the RAF. Several other Commonwealth air forces and others that have been influenced by the practices of the RAF (especially in the Middle East) have similar names for the most senior rank, such as Marshal of the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). There is sometimes confusion with the next most senior ranks in such cases: air chief marshal and air marshal (proper). The rank of Marshal of the RAF existed on paper from 1919; the first person to hold the rank was Lord Hugh Trenchard, from 1927. In the UK the rank has often been held by the most senior, actively-serving RAF officer, whereas in other Commonwealth countries the equivalent rank has been purely ceremonial or honorary in function. (For example, the rank of Marshal of the RAAF has been held only by a monarch or consort.) In Portuguese the equivalent air force ranks are Marechal do Ar (lit. "Marshal of the Air") in Brazil, or Marechal in Portugal, both of which are sometimes translated as "marshal of the air force". In the past, a similar name has been used for the most senior rank in Italian air forces. A holder of several senior ranks in the Indonesian air force (Tentara Nasional Indonesia-Angkatan Udara; TNI-AU), may be referred to as a marsekal di TNI-AU (lit. "marshal of the TNI-AU"). The most senior rank is Marsekal Besar ("Grand Marshal") is sometimes translated as "marshal of the air force". In Nazi Germany, the most senior rank of the Luftwaffe was Generalfeldmarschall (a rank that was also used by the German Army). While the commander of the Luftwaffe, Hermann Göring was the only person to hold the more senior rank of Reichsmarschall, this rank could technically have been bestowed on any senior officer of the Heer (army), Kriegsmarine (navy) and Luftwaffe, which together comprised the Wehrmacht. While the air forces of the former Soviet Union had ranks named chief marshal of the aviation branch (or "chief marshal of the air force") and marshal of the aviation branch (or "marshal of the air force"), these were four-star and three-star ranks, respectively (and therefore equivalent to the less senior RAF ranks of Air Chief Marshal and Air Marshal respectively). 空军元帅是空军军衔中等级最高者，在很多国家该军衔仅在战争时授予。 部分国家同等级的军衔并不称为空军元帅，例如美国空军此等级的军衔称为空军五星上将，苏联空军此等级的军衔則称为空军主帅（苏联也有空军元帅军衔，苏联的空军元帅为军兵种元帅，相当于大将军衔）。 Maresciallo dell'aria o Maresciallo della forza aerea è il supremo grado in alcune aviazioni militari, in particolare di tradizione britannica, talora solamente onorifico. In alcuni paese la denominazione del grado è Maresciallo della forza aerea in altri paesi è il grado di maresciallo dell'aria il più elevato attribuibile agli ufficiali dell'aeronautica militare, equivalente a gradi come maresciallo o feldmaresciallo nell'esercito e grande ammiraglio nella marina militare e come questi utilizzato solo in passato o in tempo di guerra, può essere solamente onorifico. Ο αρχιπτέραρχος είναι ο ανώτατος δυνατός Στρατιωτικός Βαθμός, ο οποίος χρησιμοποιείται στις Πολεμικές Αεροπορίες διαφόρων χωρών. Στο ΝΑΤΟ θεωρείται βαθμός 5 αστέρων με τον κωδικό , τον οποίο έφεραν σε διάφορες χρονικούς περιόδους της ιστορίας διακεκριμένοι πτέραρχοι. Στην Ελλάδα ο συγκεκριμένος βαθμός δεν χρησιμοποιείται πλέον. Marsekal Besar adalah pangkat tertinggi yang dapat dicapai oleh seorang perwira TNI Angkatan Udara, pemberian pangkat ini hanya untuk perwira-perwira yang sangat berjasa. Selebihnya, pangkat Marsekal (4 bintang) yang biasanya dicapai oleh perwira-perwira tinggi. Pangkat ini ditandai dengan lima bintang emas di pundak. Pangkat ini sepadan dengan Jenderal Besar di TNI Angkatan Darat dan Laksamana Besar di TNI Angkatan Laut. Sampai saat ini belum ada seorangpun perwira TNI Angkatan Udara yang dianugerahi pangkat tersebut.
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