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Transfert de spin 自旋转移矩 Torque de transferência de spin Spin-transfer torque 스핀토크 전가
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스핀토크 전가(Spin-transfer torque) 기록 기술은 TMR(터널링 자기저항)요소를 통하여 전자의 흐름의 스핀 방향을 정렬하여 자료를 기록하는 기술이다. 자료 기록은 같은 스핀 방향을 지니는 전자의 스핀 편극 전류를 사용하여 수행된다. 스핀토크 전가 RAM (STT-RAMTM)은 종래의 MRAM에 비해 낮은 전력 소비와 나은 밀도의 잇점을 지닌다. 스핀 토크 전가기술은 저전류 조건과 저비용을 결합하는 MRAM 소자를 가능케할 가능성을 지닌다. Le phénomène de transfert de spin, ou couple de transfert de spin, survient lorsqu'un courant polarisé en spin traverse un matériau magnétique. Cette interaction se traduit par un couple s'exerçant sur l'aimantation de ce solide. De cette manière il est possible d'agir sur l'aimantation sans utiliser de champ magnétique. Ce phénomène a d'abord été prédit théoriquement indépendamment par L. Berger (Canergie Mellon U., USA) et J. Slonczewski (IBM Yorktown Heights) en 1996, puis mis en évidence expérimentalement par Sun dans des empilements magnétiques nano-structurés sous forme de piliers. Avec la magnétorésistance géante, le transfert de spin constitue les briques essentielles de la spintronique. Spin-transfer torque (STT) is an effect in which the orientation of a magnetic layer in a magnetic tunnel junction or spin valve can be modified using a spin-polarized current. Charge carriers (such as electrons) have a property known as spin which is a small quantity of angular momentum intrinsic to the carrier. An electric current is generally unpolarized (consisting of 50% spin-up and 50% spin-down electrons); a spin polarized current is one with more electrons of either spin. By passing a current through a thick magnetic layer (usually called the “fixed layer”), one can produce a spin-polarized current. If this spin-polarized current is directed into a second, thinner magnetic layer (the “free layer”), the angular momentum can be transferred to this layer, changing its orientation. Thi O torque de transferência de spin (STT) é um efeito no qual a orientação de uma camada magnética em uma junção de túnel magnético ou válvula de spin pode ser modificada usando uma corrente spin-polarizada. 自旋转移矩（英語：Spin-transfer torque）是一种利用自旋极化电流来改变磁性隧道结或自旋阀中磁性层取向的效应。 载流子（如电子）具有自旋，即载流子因自身性质而具有的一定角动量。当载流子形成电流时，宏观而言电流通常是非极化的（由50%自旋向上和50%自旋向下的电子组成），而自旋极化电流是指电流中出现较多自旋向上的电子或者自旋向下的电子，打破了原来的平衡。将电流通过厚磁层（通常称为“固定层”），就可以产生自旋极化电流。如果自旋极化电流直接进入第二层更薄的磁场层（“自由层”），角动量就被转移到这一层，改变了角动量的方向。这可以用来激发振荡和翻转磁铁的取向。这种效应通常仅发生在纳米尺度的器件中。
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自旋转移矩（英語：Spin-transfer torque）是一种利用自旋极化电流来改变磁性隧道结或自旋阀中磁性层取向的效应。 载流子（如电子）具有自旋，即载流子因自身性质而具有的一定角动量。当载流子形成电流时，宏观而言电流通常是非极化的（由50%自旋向上和50%自旋向下的电子组成），而自旋极化电流是指电流中出现较多自旋向上的电子或者自旋向下的电子，打破了原来的平衡。将电流通过厚磁层（通常称为“固定层”），就可以产生自旋极化电流。如果自旋极化电流直接进入第二层更薄的磁场层（“自由层”），角动量就被转移到这一层，改变了角动量的方向。这可以用来激发振荡和翻转磁铁的取向。这种效应通常仅发生在纳米尺度的器件中。 Le phénomène de transfert de spin, ou couple de transfert de spin, survient lorsqu'un courant polarisé en spin traverse un matériau magnétique. Cette interaction se traduit par un couple s'exerçant sur l'aimantation de ce solide. De cette manière il est possible d'agir sur l'aimantation sans utiliser de champ magnétique. Ce phénomène a d'abord été prédit théoriquement indépendamment par L. Berger (Canergie Mellon U., USA) et J. Slonczewski (IBM Yorktown Heights) en 1996, puis mis en évidence expérimentalement par Sun dans des empilements magnétiques nano-structurés sous forme de piliers. Avec la magnétorésistance géante, le transfert de spin constitue les briques essentielles de la spintronique. O torque de transferência de spin (STT) é um efeito no qual a orientação de uma camada magnética em uma junção de túnel magnético ou válvula de spin pode ser modificada usando uma corrente spin-polarizada. O(a)s transportadore(a)s de carga (como os elétrons) têm uma propriedade conhecida como spin, que é uma pequena quantidade de momento angular intrínseco ao transportador. Uma corrente elétrica é geralmente não polarizada (composta por 50% de elétrons de spin para cima e 50% de spin para baixo); uma corrente spin-polarizada é aquela com mais elétrons de qualquer spin. Ao passar uma corrente através de uma espessa camada magnética (geralmente chamada de “camada fixa”), é possível produzir uma corrente spin-polarizada. Se essa corrente spin-polarizada for direcionada para uma segunda camada magnética mais fina (a “camada livre”), o momento angular pode ser transferido para essa camada, alterando sua orientação. Isso pode ser usado para excitar oscilações ou até mesmo inverter a orientação do ímã. Os efeitos geralmente são vistos apenas em dispositivos de escala nanométrica. Spin-transfer torque (STT) is an effect in which the orientation of a magnetic layer in a magnetic tunnel junction or spin valve can be modified using a spin-polarized current. Charge carriers (such as electrons) have a property known as spin which is a small quantity of angular momentum intrinsic to the carrier. An electric current is generally unpolarized (consisting of 50% spin-up and 50% spin-down electrons); a spin polarized current is one with more electrons of either spin. By passing a current through a thick magnetic layer (usually called the “fixed layer”), one can produce a spin-polarized current. If this spin-polarized current is directed into a second, thinner magnetic layer (the “free layer”), the angular momentum can be transferred to this layer, changing its orientation. This can be used to excite oscillations or even flip the orientation of the magnet. The effects are usually seen only in nanometer scale devices. 스핀토크 전가(Spin-transfer torque) 기록 기술은 TMR(터널링 자기저항)요소를 통하여 전자의 흐름의 스핀 방향을 정렬하여 자료를 기록하는 기술이다. 자료 기록은 같은 스핀 방향을 지니는 전자의 스핀 편극 전류를 사용하여 수행된다. 스핀토크 전가 RAM (STT-RAMTM)은 종래의 MRAM에 비해 낮은 전력 소비와 나은 밀도의 잇점을 지닌다. 스핀 토크 전가기술은 저전류 조건과 저비용을 결합하는 MRAM 소자를 가능케할 가능성을 지닌다.
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