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Statements

Subject Item
dbr:Comparison_of_file_transfer_protocols
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dbr:Pragmatic_General_Multicast
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Pragmatic General Multicast Pragmatic General Multicast Pragmatic General Multicast 实际通用多播
rdfs:comment
Pragmatic General Multicast (PGM) is a reliable multicast computer network transport protocol. PGM provides a reliable sequence of packets to multiple recipients simultaneously, making it suitable for applications like multi-receiver file-transfer. PGM is an IETF experimental protocol. It is not yet a standard, but has been implemented in some networking devices and operating systems, including Windows XP and later versions of Microsoft Windows, as well as in third-party libraries for Linux, Windows and Solaris. Pragmatic General Multicast (PGM) ist ein Multicast-Transportprotokoll für Anwendungen, bei dem Daten sortiert oder unsortiert von mehreren Quellen zu mehreren Zielen übertragen werden. Das Protokoll stellt sicher, dass Daten duplikatsfrei übertragen werden und dass eine Gruppe von Empfängern die Daten verlustfrei empfängt. Eventuelle Datenverluste werden behoben oder als nicht reparierbar angezeigt. PGM ist speziell dazu gedacht in einer Umgebung zu arbeiten, in der eine zuverlässige Datenübertragung Voraussetzung ist. Das zentrale Designziel ist die einfache Skalierbarkeit und die effiziente Netzwerkausnutzung. Pragmatic General Multicast (PGM) — сетевой протокол надёжной многоадресной передачи данных, относящийся к транспортному уровню модели OSI. PGM обеспечивает одновременную доставку множеству получателей сетевых пакетов с гарантией сохранения их исходной последовательности. 实际通用多播(英語:Pragmatic General Multicast),简称PGM,它是一个可靠的多播协议,定义在IETF的RFC 3208中。 PGM提供了一种可靠、有顺序的包传输机制给多个包接收者,使其可以应用于多接收者的文件传输等场合。
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Pragmatic General Multicast (PGM) ist ein Multicast-Transportprotokoll für Anwendungen, bei dem Daten sortiert oder unsortiert von mehreren Quellen zu mehreren Zielen übertragen werden. Das Protokoll stellt sicher, dass Daten duplikatsfrei übertragen werden und dass eine Gruppe von Empfängern die Daten verlustfrei empfängt. Eventuelle Datenverluste werden behoben oder als nicht reparierbar angezeigt. PGM ist speziell dazu gedacht in einer Umgebung zu arbeiten, in der eine zuverlässige Datenübertragung Voraussetzung ist. Das zentrale Designziel ist die einfache Skalierbarkeit und die effiziente Netzwerkausnutzung. 实际通用多播(英語:Pragmatic General Multicast),简称PGM,它是一个可靠的多播协议,定义在IETF的RFC 3208中。 PGM提供了一种可靠、有顺序的包传输机制给多个包接收者,使其可以应用于多接收者的文件传输等场合。 Pragmatic General Multicast (PGM) — сетевой протокол надёжной многоадресной передачи данных, относящийся к транспортному уровню модели OSI. PGM обеспечивает одновременную доставку множеству получателей сетевых пакетов с гарантией сохранения их исходной последовательности. Pragmatic General Multicast (PGM) is a reliable multicast computer network transport protocol. PGM provides a reliable sequence of packets to multiple recipients simultaneously, making it suitable for applications like multi-receiver file-transfer. Multicast is a network addressing method for the delivery of information to a group of destinations simultaneously using the most efficient strategy to deliver the messages over each link of the network only once, creating copies only when the links to the multiple destinations split (typically network switches and routers). However, like the User Datagram Protocol, multicast does not guarantee the delivery of a message stream. Messages may be dropped, delivered multiple times, or delivered out of order. A reliable multicast protocol, like PGM, adds the ability for receivers to detect lost and/or out-of-order messages and take corrective action (similar in principle to TCP), resulting in a gap-free, in-order message stream. While TCP uses ACKs to acknowledge groups of packets sent (something that would be uneconomical over multicast), PGM uses the concept of negative acknowledgements (NAKs). A NAK is sent unicast back to the host via a defined network-layer hop-by-hop procedure whenever there is a detection of data loss of a specific sequence. As PGM is heavily reliant on NAKs for integrity, when a NAK is sent, a NAK confirmation (NCF) is sent via multicast for every hop back. Repair data (RDATA) is then sent back either from the source or from a Designated Local Repairer (DLR) at some point closer to the destination. PGM is an IETF experimental protocol. It is not yet a standard, but has been implemented in some networking devices and operating systems, including Windows XP and later versions of Microsoft Windows, as well as in third-party libraries for Linux, Windows and Solaris.
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