A Wolter telescope is a telescope for X-rays using only grazing incidence optics. Visible light telescopes are built with lenses or parabolic mirrors. Neither works well for X-rays. Lenses for visible light are made of a transparent material with an index of refraction substantially different from 1, but there is no equivalent material for x-rays. Conventional mirror telescopes work poorly in the X-rays as well, since the light hits the mirrors at near-normal incidence, where the X-rays are transmitted or absorbed, not reflected.X-rays mirrors can be built, but only if the angle of incidence is very low (typically 10 arc-minutes to 2 degrees).

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  • A Wolter telescope is a telescope for X-rays using only grazing incidence optics. Visible light telescopes are built with lenses or parabolic mirrors. Neither works well for X-rays. Lenses for visible light are made of a transparent material with an index of refraction substantially different from 1, but there is no equivalent material for x-rays. Conventional mirror telescopes work poorly in the X-rays as well, since the light hits the mirrors at near-normal incidence, where the X-rays are transmitted or absorbed, not reflected.X-rays mirrors can be built, but only if the angle of incidence is very low (typically 10 arc-minutes to 2 degrees). These are called glancing incidence mirrors. In 1952, Hans Wolter outlined 3 ways a telescope could be built using only this kind of mirror.. Not surprisingly, these are called Wolter telescopes of type I, II, and III. Each has different advantages and disadvantages. (en)
  • Als Wolter-Teleskop wird ein Röntgenteleskop bezeichnet, das eine Spiegelanordnung verwendet, wie sie der deutsche Physiker Hans Wolter 1952 vorschlug. Es wird die Totalreflexion von Röntgenstrahlung bei streifendem Einfall auf Metalloberflächen ausgenutzt. Obwohl bereits 1952 vorgeschlagen, dauerte es bis 1978, bis das erste Woltertelskop für den Röntgensatelliten Einstein realisiert werden konnte. Grund hierfür ist die benötigte extreme Genauigkeit der Oberflächen, deren Rauhigkeit nur einige Millionstel Millimeter betragen darf. Diese Spiegelanordnung setzt sich aus vielfach ineinander geschachtelten metallischen (oft nur aus beschichteten Folien bestehenden) Rotationsparaboloiden, denen jeweils ein Rotationshyperboloid folgt, zusammen. Auch Rotationsellipsoide werden in Kombination mit Rotationsparaboloiden verwendet. Diese Spiegel haben zusammen ähnliche Abbildungseigenschaften, wie gewöhnliche Teleskope im sichtbaren Bereich des Lichts. Siehe auch: Röntgenoptik (de)
rdfs:comment
  • A Wolter telescope is a telescope for X-rays using only grazing incidence optics. Visible light telescopes are built with lenses or parabolic mirrors. Neither works well for X-rays. Lenses for visible light are made of a transparent material with an index of refraction substantially different from 1, but there is no equivalent material for x-rays. Conventional mirror telescopes work poorly in the X-rays as well, since the light hits the mirrors at near-normal incidence, where the X-rays are transmitted or absorbed, not reflected.X-rays mirrors can be built, but only if the angle of incidence is very low (typically 10 arc-minutes to 2 degrees). (en)
  • Als Wolter-Teleskop wird ein Röntgenteleskop bezeichnet, das eine Spiegelanordnung verwendet, wie sie der deutsche Physiker Hans Wolter 1952 vorschlug. (de)
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  • Wolter telescope (en)
  • Telescopio Wolter (it)
  • Wolter-Teleskop (de)
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