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| - Włodzimierz Ledóchowski, S.J. (October 7, 1866 - December 13, 1942) was the twenty-sixth Superior-General of the Society of Jesus. He was born on the family estate Sitzenthal in Loosdorf, near St. Pölten, the son of Count Antoni Halka Ledochowski. His uncle was Mieczysław Halka Ledóchowski, and his sisters included Saint Ursula Ledóchowska, and Blessed Maria Teresia Ledóchowska. His brother Ignacy Kazimierz Ledóchowski was a General in the Polish Army. He studied at the Theresianum in Vienna and for a time was page to the Empress. He studied Law at the University of Kraków and then began studies for the secular priesthood. While attending the Gregorian University, he decided to become a Jesuit and entered the Society in 1889. Five years later he was ordained a Jesuit priest. At first he took to writing, but was soon made Superior of the Jesuit residence in Kraków, then, Rector of the College. He became the Polish Vice-Provincial in 1901 and Provincial of Galicia in 1902. From 1906 until February 1915 he was the German Assistant. After the death of Franz Xavier Wernz, the 49-year-old Ledochowski was elected the 26th General of the Society on February 11, 1915 on the second ballot. Despite the upheaval of the First World War, the Second World War and the economic Depression of the 1930s, the Society increased during Ledochowski's term. He called the 27th General Congregation to take place at the Germanico to acquaint the Society with the new code of Canon Law and to bring the Jesuit Constitutions into line with it. He called another Congregation —between March 12 and May 9, 1937—in order for the delegates to appoint a Vicar General as he was now feeling the effects of age and needed competent assistance. He established the Pontifical Oriental Institute and the Pontifical Russian College as well as the Institutum Biblicum of the Gregorian University. He saw a certain emancipation of the Society after the Concordat between the Church and the Italian Government was ratified. Property was returned to the Society making it possible for the Jesuits to build a new Gregorian University building transferring from the Palazzo Borgomeo on via del Seminario to Piazza Pilotta within a few paces of the Quirinal Palace. He then built the new Curia Generalis in the rione of Borgo, on property acquired from the Vatican on Borgo Santo Spirito--about a hundred meters from St. Peter's Square. The Concordat, somewhat engineered by a Jesuit, Father Tacchi-Venturi, put new life into the Society and its property increased with its influence and reputation. Ledochowski's Generalate was one of the most productive, physically as well as spiritually, certainly since the restoration. Ledochowski also saw the beginnings of the Second World War and was torn by the sufferings of his Jesuit sons on both sides, especially of the Jesuits persecuted by German occupiers in his native Poland during the first three years of the war. According to a premature obituary in The New York Times, dated December 10, 1942: Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler, who met Father Ledochowski in 1930, wrote later that "everyone in Rome I was told that Father Ledochowski would rank as one of the two or three greatest heads of the Jesuit Order," an estimate which would group him with such men as Ignatius Loyola, the first [Jesuit] general, Francisco Borgia, the third, and [Claudius] Aquaviva, the fifth. According to Malachi Martin, in The Jesuits: The Society of Jesus and the Betrayal of the Roman Catholic Church at page 221: It was during the twenty-seven year Generalate of Father Wlodzimierz Ledochowski (1915-1942) that the traditional character of the Society received the firmest stamp and clearest definition since the Generalate of Claudio Acquaviva in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. One might even say that Ledochowski insisted on fidelity to the structure of Jesuit obedience, was an almost merciless disciplinarian,and maintained a stream of instructions flowing out to the whole Society about every detail of Jesuit life and Ignatian ideals. He know exactly what Jesuits should be according to the Society’s Constitutions and traditions; and under strong hands of two quite authoritarian Popes, Pius XI and Pius XII, he reestablished the close ties that had once linked papacy and Jesuit Generalate. Ledochowski, in fact, gave renewed meaning to that old Roman nickname of the Jesuit Father General, “the Black Pope. Just as Pius XII can be described as the last of the great Roman Popes, so Ledochowski can be called the last of the great Roman Generals of the Jesuits. There seemed, indeed, during those years of Ledochowski, Pope Pius XI, and Pius XII, no real limit to what both Jesuitism and overall Roman Catholicism could achieve. Even – especially, we should say – in the afterglow of Ledochowski’s long reign and into the Generalate of his successor, Belgian Jean-Baptise Janssens, the magic power of momentum seemed to continue. He died in Rome. After his funeral in the Church of the Gesù his remains were interred in the Society's mausoleum at Campo Verano on the eastern edge of Rome. (en)
- Graaf Wladimir Ledóchowski (Loosdorf, 7 oktober 1868 - Rome, 13 december 1942) was de 29e generaal overste van de Sociëteit van Jezus . Ledóchowski stamde uit een Pools adellijk geslacht. Hij was van 1915 tot zijn dood in 1942 generaal-overste van de jezuïetenorde. Zijn zus Maria Theresia Ledóchowska werd zalig verklaard, zijn zuster Ursula Ledóchowska heilig verklaard. (nl)
- Włodzimierz Ledóchowski SI (ur. 7 października 1866, zm. 13 grudnia 1942) – 26. Przełożony Generalny Towarzystwa Jezusowego. Urodził się w dobrach Sitzenthal, blisko St. Pölten, jako syn hrabiego Antoniego Halki-Ledóchowskiego. Jego stryjem był prymas Polski, kardynał Mieczysław Halka-Ledóchowski, a siostrami św. Urszula Ledóchowska i bł. Maria Teresa Ledóchowska . Brat Ignacy Kazimierz Ledóchowski był zaś polskim generałem. Studiował na Theresianum w Wiedniu i przez jakiś czas był dworzaninem cesarzowej Elżbiety Bawarskiej . Studiował prawo na Uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim po czym wstąpił do seminarium duchownego. Po rozpoczęciu studiów na Uniwersytecie Gregoriańskim w Rzymie zdecydował się wstąpić do jezuitów w 1889. Pięć lat później otrzymał święcenia kapłańskie. Wkrótce był mianowany przełożonym w Krakowie. W 1901 został Vice-Prowincjałem, a rok później Prowincjałem prowincji galicyjskiej. Od 1906 do lutego 1915 był Asystentem Generała asystencji niemieckiej. Po śmierci generała Franciszka Ksawerego Wernza, 11 lutego 1915 r., 49-letni Ledóchowski w drugim głosowaniu został wybrany 26. generałem zakonu. Pomimo wstrząsów I i II wojny światowej oraz kryzysu ekonomicznego lat 30. Towarzystwo rozwijało się dynamicznie pod jego rządami. Zwołał dwie Kongregacje Generalne: 27., która odbyła się w Kolegium Germanicum w Rzymie, w celu dostosowania prawa zakonnego do nowego prawa kanonicznego ogłoszonego w 1917 oraz 28. w celu wybrania Wikariusza Generalnego, który wspierałby go w rządach. Skutkiem konkordatu pomiędzy Włochami i Watykanem było odzyskanie własności zakonu w Rzymie. Powołał Instytut Orientalny, Kolegium Russicum i Instytut Biblijny przy Uniwersytecie Gregoriańskim. Wspierał budowę nowych budynków Uniwersytetu Gregoriańskiego u stóp Kwirynału oraz wybudował nową kurię zakonu przy Borgo S. Spirito (100 m od Placu św. Piotra). Przy pracach nad Konkordatem wielkie zasługi miał jezuita, o. Piotr Tacchi-Venturi. Generalat Ledóchowskiego był jednym z najbardziej produktywnych, zarówno w sensie wzrostu zakonu jak i odnowy duchowej. Zmarł w Rzymie. Po uroczystościach pogrzebowych w kościele Gesù ciało zostało złożone w mauzoleum na Campo Verano. (pl)
- Discendente da una nobile famiglia polacca di illustri tradizioni religiose (lo zio Mieczysław era cardinale, la sorella Urszula fondò la congregazione delle Orsoline del Cuore di Gesù e l'altra sorella Maria Teresa diede un forte impulso alle missioni in Africa), trascorse l'infanzia in Austria ed in giovinezza fu paggio dell'Imperatrice Elisabetta di Baviera. Maturò la sua vocazione al sacerdozio dopo la laurea in giurisprudenza, conseguita a Cracovia: compiuti i primi studi istituzionali di filosofia e teologia nel seminario diocesano di Tarnów, si trasferì a Roma per completare la sua formazione presso il Collegium Germanicum et Hungaricum e la Pontificia Università Gregoriana. Nel 1889, dopo il dottorato in filosofia, entrò nel noviziato gesuita di Cracovia e nel 1894 venne ordinato sacerdote. Rettore del Collegio gesuita di Cracovia dal 1900, divenne Viceprovinciale di Polonia nel 1901 e Provinciale di Galizia nel 1902: tra 1906 ed il 1915 fu Assistente del generale per la Germania. Alla morte di Franz Xavier Wernz venne scelto quale XXVI Preposito Generale dell'ordine: durante il lungo periodo del suo generalato si sforzò di adattare la Compagnia alle esigenze dei tempi moderni. (it)
- Graf Wladimir Ledóchowski SJ (* 7. Oktober 1868 in Loosdorf bei St. Pölten; † 13. Dezember 1942 in Rom) war ein polnischer Adliger und der 26. General der Societas Jesu. (de)
- Grev Wladimir Ledóchowski S.J. (født 7. oktober 1866 i Loosdorf ved St. Pölten i Østerrike, død 13. desember 1942 i Roma) var en polsk adelsmann og jesuittordenens 26. generalsuperior. Ledóchowski stammet fra en gammel polsk adelsslekt. Han var broren til den saligkårede ordensgrunnleggeren grevinne Maria Teresia Ledóchowska og den hellige ordensgrunleggeren grevinne Ursula Ledóchowska, og slektning av kardinal Mieczyslaw Halka Ledóchowski. Fra 1877 til 1884 var Ledóchowski elev ved Theresianum i Wien og var samtidig pasje ved det keiserlige hoff. Etter matura (eksamenm artium) studerte han jus i Wien 1884/1885|85. Så trådte han inn i presteseminaret i Tarnów. Mellom 1886 og 1889 studerte Ledóchowski filosofi ved Collegium Germanicum et Hungaricum i Roma, og teologi ved Det pavelige universitet Gregoriana. Studiene endte med graden Dr. phil. I 1889 var han ved presteseminaret i Starawies ved Krakow og blre presteviet i 1894. I 1900 ble kan rektor ved jesuittkollegiet i Krakow. I 1901 avanserte han til viseprovinsial for de galisiske provinser, og året etter ble han provinsial for disse områder. Dette embede hadde han til 1906. Den 8. september 1906 kalte den nettopp valgte generalsuperior Franz Xaver Wernz til ordenssekretær i moderhuset i Roma. Etter at Wernz døde den 19. august 1914, ble Ledóchowski valgt til ordenens 26. generalsuperior. På grunn av Italias inntreden i første verdenskrig i 1915, la han for en periode ordensledelsen til Zizers ved Chur i Sveits. Da Vatikanet i 1918 satte i kraft en ny kirkerett, tilpasset Ledóchowski jesuittenes ordensrett til denne; prosessen med omleggingen var ferdig i 1923. (no)
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