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- L'United Mine Workers of America (« Syndicat des travailleurs miniers d'Amérique (du Nord) ») est un syndicat nord-américain qui représente les employés du secteur minier. Créé le 25 janvier 1890 à Columbus dans l'Ohio, l'UMWA a joué un rôle essentiel dans l'émergence des libertés syndicales aux États-Unis, notamment lors de la présidence de John L. Lewis entre 1920 et 1960. Pendant le New Deal de Franklin D. Roosevelt, et lors de l'adoption du National Industrial Recovery Act en 1933, les syndiqués se sont répandus dans l'ensemble du territoire des États-Unis, finissant par représenter la plupart des employés des mines de charbon. Barbara Kopple a réalisé Harlan County, U.S.A., un documentaire sur les 13 mois de grève des mineurs de charbon de la Mine de Brookside et de leur femmes pour obtenir la convention collective de l'UMWA. (fr)
- The United Mine Workers of America (UMW or UMWA) is a North American labor union best known for representing coal miners. Today, the Union also represents health care workers, truck drivers, manufacturing workers and public employees in the United States and Canada. Although its main focus has always been on workers and their rights, the UMW of today also advocates for better roads, schools, and universal health care. By 2014, coal mining had largely shifted to open pit mines in Wyoming, and there were only 60,000 active coal miners. The UMW was left with 35,000 members, of whom 20,000 were coal miners, chiefly in underground mines in Kentucky and West Virginia. However it was responsible for pensions and medical benefits for 40,000 retired miners, and for 50,000 spouses and dependents. The UMW was founded in Columbus, Ohio, on January 25, 1890, with the merger of two old labor groups, the Knights of Labor Trade Assembly No. 135 and the National Progressive Miners Union. Adopting the model of the American Federation of Labor (AFL), the union was initially established as a three-pronged labor tool: to develop mine safety; to improve mine workers' independence from the mine owners and the company store; and to provide miners with collective bargaining power. After passage of the National Recovery Act in 1933 during the Great Depression, organizers spread throughout the United States to organize all coal miners into labor unions. Under the powerful leadership of John L. Lewis, the UMW broke with the American Federation of Labor and set up its own federation, the CIO (Congress of Industrial Organizations). Its organizers fanned out to organize major industries, including automobiles, steel, electrical equipment, rubber, paint and chemical, and fought a series of battles with the AFL. The UMW grew to 800,000 members and was an element in the New Deal Coalition supporting Democratic President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Lewis broke with Roosevelt in 1940 and left the CIO, leaving the UMW increasingly isolated in the labor movement. During World War II the UMW was involved in a series of major strikes and threatened walkouts that angered public opinion and energized pro-business opponents. After the war, the UMW concentrated on gaining large increases in wages, medical services and retirement benefits for its shrinking membership, which was contending with changes in technology and declining mines in the East. (en)
- Związek Górników Amerykańskich (ang. United Mine Workers of America) – amerykański związek zawodowy powstały w 1890 roku. Związek zrzesza osoby w Stanach Zjednoczonych i Kanadzie związane z górnictwem: górników, techników przerobu węgla, kierowców, rzemieślników, a także pracowników ochrony zdrowia i socjalnych. (pl)
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- Związek Górników Amerykańskich (ang. United Mine Workers of America) – amerykański związek zawodowy powstały w 1890 roku. Związek zrzesza osoby w Stanach Zjednoczonych i Kanadzie związane z górnictwem: górników, techników przerobu węgla, kierowców, rzemieślników, a także pracowników ochrony zdrowia i socjalnych. (pl)
- L'United Mine Workers of America (« Syndicat des travailleurs miniers d'Amérique (du Nord) ») est un syndicat nord-américain qui représente les employés du secteur minier. Créé le 25 janvier 1890 à Columbus dans l'Ohio, l'UMWA a joué un rôle essentiel dans l'émergence des libertés syndicales aux États-Unis, notamment lors de la présidence de John L. Lewis entre 1920 et 1960. Pendant le New Deal de Franklin D. Roosevelt, et lors de l'adoption du National Industrial Recovery Act en 1933, les syndiqués se sont répandus dans l'ensemble du territoire des États-Unis, finissant par représenter la plupart des employés des mines de charbon. (fr)
- The United Mine Workers of America (UMW or UMWA) is a North American labor union best known for representing coal miners. Today, the Union also represents health care workers, truck drivers, manufacturing workers and public employees in the United States and Canada. Although its main focus has always been on workers and their rights, the UMW of today also advocates for better roads, schools, and universal health care. By 2014, coal mining had largely shifted to open pit mines in Wyoming, and there were only 60,000 active coal miners. The UMW was left with 35,000 members, of whom 20,000 were coal miners, chiefly in underground mines in Kentucky and West Virginia. However it was responsible for pensions and medical benefits for 40,000 retired miners, and for 50,000 spouses and dependents. (en)
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