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Superparasitism is a form of parasitism in which the host (typically an insect larva such as a caterpillar) is attacked more than once by a single species of parasitoid. Multiparasitism or coinfection, on the other hand, occurs when the host has been parasitized by more than one species. Host discrimination, whereby parasitoids can identify a host with parasites from an unparasitized host, is present in certain species of parasitoids and is used to avoid superparasitism and thus competition from other parasites. Superparasitism can result in transmission of viruses, and viruses may influence a parasitoid's behavior in favor of infecting already infected hosts, as is the case with Leptopilina boulardi.

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  • Superparasitism is a form of parasitism in which the host (typically an insect larva such as a caterpillar) is attacked more than once by a single species of parasitoid. Multiparasitism or coinfection, on the other hand, occurs when the host has been parasitized by more than one species. Host discrimination, whereby parasitoids can identify a host with parasites from an unparasitized host, is present in certain species of parasitoids and is used to avoid superparasitism and thus competition from other parasites. Superparasitism can result in transmission of viruses, and viruses may influence a parasitoid's behavior in favor of infecting already infected hosts, as is the case with Leptopilina boulardi. (en)
  • Superparasitismo é uma forma de parasitismo em que o hospedeiro (normalmente uma larva de inseto, como uma lagarta) é atacado mais de uma vez por uma única espécie de parasitóide. O multiparasitismo ou coinfecção, por outro lado, ocorre quando o hospedeiro foi parasitado por mais de uma espécie. A discriminação de hospedeiros, por meio da qual os parasitoides podem identificar um hospedeiro com parasitas de um hospedeiro não parasitado, está presente em certas espécies de parasitoides e é usada para evitar o superparasitismo e, portanto, a competição de outros parasitas. (pt)
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  • Superparasitism is a form of parasitism in which the host (typically an insect larva such as a caterpillar) is attacked more than once by a single species of parasitoid. Multiparasitism or coinfection, on the other hand, occurs when the host has been parasitized by more than one species. Host discrimination, whereby parasitoids can identify a host with parasites from an unparasitized host, is present in certain species of parasitoids and is used to avoid superparasitism and thus competition from other parasites. Superparasitism can result in transmission of viruses, and viruses may influence a parasitoid's behavior in favor of infecting already infected hosts, as is the case with Leptopilina boulardi. (en)
  • Superparasitismo é uma forma de parasitismo em que o hospedeiro (normalmente uma larva de inseto, como uma lagarta) é atacado mais de uma vez por uma única espécie de parasitóide. O multiparasitismo ou coinfecção, por outro lado, ocorre quando o hospedeiro foi parasitado por mais de uma espécie. A discriminação de hospedeiros, por meio da qual os parasitoides podem identificar um hospedeiro com parasitas de um hospedeiro não parasitado, está presente em certas espécies de parasitoides e é usada para evitar o superparasitismo e, portanto, a competição de outros parasitas. (pt)
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  • Superparasitismo (pt)
  • Superparasitism (en)
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