Stefan Brands designed the core cryptographic protocols of Microsoft's U-Prove technology. Earlier versions of these protocols were implemented by DigiCash, Zero-Knowledge Systems, Credentica, and a consortium of European banks and IT organizations. For technical details, see Brands' book "Rethinking Public Key Infrastructures and Digital Certificates," published by the MIT Press. Brands has been a principal architect at Microsoft, an adjunct professor at McGill University, and an advisor to Canada's data protection commissioner and the Electronic Privacy Information Center.