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- Shaft voltage occurs in electric motors and generators due to leakage, induction, or capacitive coupling with the windings of the motor. It can occur in motors powered by variable-frequency drives, as often used in heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration systems. DC machines may have leakage current from the armature windings that energizes the shaft. Currents due to shaft voltage causes deterioration of motor bearings, but can be prevented with a grounding brush on the shaft, grounding of the motor frame, insulation of the bearing supports, or shielding. Shaft voltage can be induced by non-symmetrical magnetic fields of the motor (or generator) itself. External sources of shaft voltage include other coupled machines, and electrostatic charging due to rubber belts rubbing on drive pulleys. Every rotor has some degree of capacitive coupling to the motor's electrical windings, but the effective inline capacitor acts as a high-pass filter, so the coupling is often weak at 50–60 Hz line frequency. But many Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) induce significant voltage onto the shaft of the driven motor, because of the kilohertz switching of the insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), which produce the pulse-width modulation used to control the motor. The presence of high frequency ground currents can cause sparks, arcing and electrical shocks and can damage bearings. (en)
- 軸電壓是指出現在电动机及發電機的軸上，因為和馬達繞組之間電感耦合或是電容耦合而產生的電壓。軸電壓一般會出現在变频器驅動的馬達，像暖通空調及制冷（HVAC/R）系統就常用变频器驅動馬達。直流馬達會因為電樞繞組而產生對軸的漏電流，因為軸電壓產生的電流會造成馬達軸承的損壞，不過可以透過軸的接地電刷、馬達框架接地、使用絕緣軸承或是使用而避免。 軸電壓會因為馬達（或發電機）中非平衡的磁場而感應產生。軸電壓也可能來自外部來源，例如其他耦合機械，或是因為馬達推動的滑輪和橡皮皮帶摩擦產生的靜電電荷。 轉子和馬達繞組一定有某程度的电容耦合，但等效寄生电容的作用類似高通濾波器，因此在50-60 Hz的電源頻率，耦合的效應不強。但變頻器因為使用脈波寬度調變（PWM）來控制交流电动机，其IGBT的交換頻率大約是在數千Hz，因此馬達軸會耦合較高的電壓高頻地電流的存在會造成火花、電弧、雷擊，也可能會損害軸承。 (zh)
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- 軸電壓是指出現在电动机及發電機的軸上，因為和馬達繞組之間電感耦合或是電容耦合而產生的電壓。軸電壓一般會出現在变频器驅動的馬達，像暖通空調及制冷（HVAC/R）系統就常用变频器驅動馬達。直流馬達會因為電樞繞組而產生對軸的漏電流，因為軸電壓產生的電流會造成馬達軸承的損壞，不過可以透過軸的接地電刷、馬達框架接地、使用絕緣軸承或是使用而避免。 軸電壓會因為馬達（或發電機）中非平衡的磁場而感應產生。軸電壓也可能來自外部來源，例如其他耦合機械，或是因為馬達推動的滑輪和橡皮皮帶摩擦產生的靜電電荷。 轉子和馬達繞組一定有某程度的电容耦合，但等效寄生电容的作用類似高通濾波器，因此在50-60 Hz的電源頻率，耦合的效應不強。但變頻器因為使用脈波寬度調變（PWM）來控制交流电动机，其IGBT的交換頻率大約是在數千Hz，因此馬達軸會耦合較高的電壓高頻地電流的存在會造成火花、電弧、雷擊，也可能會損害軸承。 (zh)
- Shaft voltage occurs in electric motors and generators due to leakage, induction, or capacitive coupling with the windings of the motor. It can occur in motors powered by variable-frequency drives, as often used in heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration systems. DC machines may have leakage current from the armature windings that energizes the shaft. Currents due to shaft voltage causes deterioration of motor bearings, but can be prevented with a grounding brush on the shaft, grounding of the motor frame, insulation of the bearing supports, or shielding. (en)
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- Shaft voltage (en)
- 軸電壓 (zh)
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