The Saltpeter Wars were three conflicts among the peasants of the , the Abbey of Saint Blaise (Sankt Blasien) and the Austrian monarchy in the years 1725–1727, 1738 and 1743–1745. At times the conflict had the character of a civil war between two peasant factions: the müllerisch, named for the early leadership of the miller (müller) Joseph Tröndle, and the salpterisch, so named because one of its early leaders, Hans Albiez, made his money in the saltpeter trade.