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- Reactor-grade plutonium (RGPu) is the isotopic grade of plutonium that is found in spent nuclear fuel after the uranium-235 primary fuel that a nuclear power reactor uses has burnt up. The uranium-238 from which most of the plutonium isotopes derive by neutron capture is found along with the U-235 in the low enriched uranium fuel of civilian reactors. In contrast to the low burnup of weeks or months that is commonly required to produce weapons-grade plutonium (WGPu/239Pu), the long time in the reactor that produces reactor-grade plutonium leads to transmutation of much of the fissile, relatively long half-life isotope 239Pu into a number of other isotopes of plutonium that are less fissile or more radioactive. When 239Pu absorbs a neutron, it does not always undergo nuclear fission. Sometimes neutron absorption will instead produce 240Pu at the neutron temperatures and fuel compositions present in typical light water reactors, with the concentration of 240Pu steadily rising with longer irradiation, producing lower and lower grade plutonium as time goes on. Generation II thermal-neutron reactors (today's most numerous nuclear power stations) can reuse reactor-grade plutonium only to a limited degree as MOX fuel, and only for a second cycle. Fast-neutron reactors, of which there are a handful operating today with a half dozen under construction, can use reactor-grade plutonium fuel as a means to reduce the transuranium content of spent nuclear fuel/nuclear waste. Russia has also produced a new type of Remix fuel that directly recycles reactor grade plutonium at 1% or less concentration into fresh or re-enriched uranium fuel imitating the 1% plutonium level of high-burnup fuel. (en)
- 反應堆級鈈是指在反應堆中經過若干年燃燒后由鈾-238經中子捕獲和兩次連續的β衰變生成的鈈-239，再被嬗變成其它鈈的同位素之後形成的混合物。 目前的核電站一般使用的熱中子反應堆只能在有限程度上使用反應堆級鈈，比如混合氧化物核燃料。這種燃料產生的乏燃料中的次錒系元素和含有偶數個中子的鈈同位素含量較高，因此使用一次後就只能作為核廢料處理。快中子反應堆現在還沒有商業化，但在理論上可以直接使用反應堆級鈈。 根據美國能源部的定義，反應堆級鈈主要由的含量來決定。傳統上認爲，鈈-240含量越高，用於裂變核武器的可能性就越小。但是近年來，這種看法越來越受到苛責。雖然含大量鈈-240的鈈不能用作裂變武器，可是隨著技術進步，只要使用，反應堆級鈈便可以用於熱核武器。比如在迄今爲止當量最大的沙皇炸彈裏面，（tamper）採用的材料是鉛。如果使用貧化鈾或者反應堆級鈈，該彈的當量會進一步提高。 (zh)
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- 反應堆級鈈是指在反應堆中經過若干年燃燒后由鈾-238經中子捕獲和兩次連續的β衰變生成的鈈-239，再被嬗變成其它鈈的同位素之後形成的混合物。 目前的核電站一般使用的熱中子反應堆只能在有限程度上使用反應堆級鈈，比如混合氧化物核燃料。這種燃料產生的乏燃料中的次錒系元素和含有偶數個中子的鈈同位素含量較高，因此使用一次後就只能作為核廢料處理。快中子反應堆現在還沒有商業化，但在理論上可以直接使用反應堆級鈈。 根據美國能源部的定義，反應堆級鈈主要由的含量來決定。傳統上認爲，鈈-240含量越高，用於裂變核武器的可能性就越小。但是近年來，這種看法越來越受到苛責。雖然含大量鈈-240的鈈不能用作裂變武器，可是隨著技術進步，只要使用，反應堆級鈈便可以用於熱核武器。比如在迄今爲止當量最大的沙皇炸彈裏面，（tamper）採用的材料是鉛。如果使用貧化鈾或者反應堆級鈈，該彈的當量會進一步提高。 (zh)
- Reactor-grade plutonium (RGPu) is the isotopic grade of plutonium that is found in spent nuclear fuel after the uranium-235 primary fuel that a nuclear power reactor uses has burnt up. The uranium-238 from which most of the plutonium isotopes derive by neutron capture is found along with the U-235 in the low enriched uranium fuel of civilian reactors. (en)
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- Reactor-grade plutonium (en)
- 反应堆级钚 (zh)
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