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- بروتوكول مكافحة تهريب المهاجرين عن طريق البر والبحر والجو اعتمد مكمل لاتفاقية مناهضة الجريمة المنظمة عبر البلدان من قبل الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة في عام 2000. يشار أيضا إلى أنه بروتوكول تهريب. أحد بروتوكولات باليرمو الثلاثة والبعض الآخر يجري على بروتوكول منع وقمع ومعاقبة الاتجار بالأشخاص، وبخاصة النساء والأطفال وبروتوكول مكافحة صنع والاتجار غير المشروع في الأسلحة النارية وأجزائها ومكوناتها والذخيرة. دخل بروتوكول التهريب حيز التنفيذ في 28 يناير 2004. اعتبارا من نوفمبر 2014 وقعه 112 طرق وصادق عليه 141 طرف. يهدف البروتوكول إلى حماية حقوق المهاجرين والحد من قوة ونفوذ الجماعات الإجرامية المنظمة التي تنتهك المهاجرين. يشدد البروتوكول على الحاجة إلى معاملة المهاجرين معاملة إنسانية والحاجة إلى نهج دولي شامل لمكافحة تهريب الناس بما في ذلك التدابير الاجتماعية والاقتصادية التي تعالج الأسباب الجذرية للهجرة. (ar)
- Le Protocole contre le trafic illicite de migrants par terre, air et mer, additionnel à la Convention des Nations Unies contre la criminalité transnationale organisée, est adopté par l'Assemblée générale des Nations unies en l'an 2000. Il forme l'un des trois instruments de la Convention de Palerme, les deux autres étant le Protocole additionnel à la Convention des Nations Unies contre la criminalité transnationale organisée visant à prévenir, réprimer et punir la traite des personnes, en particulier des femmes et des enfants et le Protocole contre la fabrication et le trafic illicites d'armes à feu, de leurs pièces, éléments et munitions. Le Protocole contre le trafic illicite de migrants entre en vigueur le 28 janvier 2004. En mai 2020, 112 pays en étaient signataires et 149 l'ont ratifié. (fr)
- The Protocol Against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air, supplementing the Convention against Transnational Organised Crime, was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2000. It is also referred to as the Smuggling Protocol. It is one of the three Palermo protocols, the others being the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children and the Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition. The Smuggling Protocol entered into force on 28 January 2004. As of October 2022, the protocol has been signed by 112 parties and ratified by 151. The Protocol is aimed at the protection of rights of migrants and the reduction of the power and influence of organized criminal groups that abuse migrants. It emphasizes the need to provide migrants with humane treatment, and the need for comprehensive international approaches to combating people smuggling, including socio-economic measures that address the root causes of migration. The Protocol requires States Parties that have ratified to ensure that migrant smuggling (also called people smuggling) is criminalised in accordance with its terms, and those set out in the Convention on Transnational Organised Crime. Given the current political priority around people smuggling, it is perhaps surprising that a concerted international focus on defining and responding to migrant smuggling only occurred in the 1990s. This focus followed sharp rises in irregular migration to the United States, and to Europe in the 1980s and 90s. A focus on those who facilitate irregular migration - rather than migrants themselves - was seen as a critical element of any response. The resulting legal framework was the Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air (Migrant Smuggling Protocol), that supplements the parent instrument, the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. The Migrant Smuggling Protocol does not provide a complete or self-contained legal regime but instead exists as part of a "dense web of rights, obligations and responsibilities drawn not just from the Protocol and Convention but also from the law of the sea, human rights law, and refugee law." Unlike human trafficking, people smuggling is characterized by the consent between customer and smuggler - a contractual agreement that typically terminates upon arrival in the destination location. However, smuggling situations can nonetheless in reality descend into situations that can best be described as extreme human rights abuses, with smuggled migrants subject to threats, abuse, exploitation and torture, and even death at the hands of smugglers (see for example, case studies in Gallagher and David, International Law of Migrant Smuggling, 2014, 9-10). (en)
- Il Protocollo addizionale della Convenzione delle Nazioni Unite contro la Criminalità organizzata transnazionale contro il traffico di migranti via terra, via mare e via aria, che completa la Convenzione delle Nazioni Unite contro la criminalità organizzata transnazionale, è stato adottato dall'Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite a Palermo nel 2000. È indicato anche come il "protocollo sul contrabbando". Si tratta di uno dei tre Protocolli di Palermo (gli altri due sono il Protocollo delle Nazioni Unite sulla prevenzione, soppressione e persecuzione del traffico di esseri umani, in particolar modo donne e bambini e il ). Entrato in vigore il 28 gennaio 2004, nel maggio 2013, il protocollo era stato firmato da 112 Stati e ratificato da 135. Il protocollo è finalizzato alla tutela dei diritti dei migranti e la riduzione del potere e l'influenza dei gruppi criminali organizzati che abusano dei migranti. Si enfatizza la necessità di fornire ai migranti un trattamento umano, e la necessità di un approccio internazionale globale per la lotta contro il contrabbando di persone, comprese le misure socio-economiche per affrontare le cause della migrazione. (it)
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- بروتوكول مكافحة تهريب المهاجرين عن طريق البر والبحر والجو اعتمد مكمل لاتفاقية مناهضة الجريمة المنظمة عبر البلدان من قبل الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة في عام 2000. يشار أيضا إلى أنه بروتوكول تهريب. أحد بروتوكولات باليرمو الثلاثة والبعض الآخر يجري على بروتوكول منع وقمع ومعاقبة الاتجار بالأشخاص، وبخاصة النساء والأطفال وبروتوكول مكافحة صنع والاتجار غير المشروع في الأسلحة النارية وأجزائها ومكوناتها والذخيرة. دخل بروتوكول التهريب حيز التنفيذ في 28 يناير 2004. اعتبارا من نوفمبر 2014 وقعه 112 طرق وصادق عليه 141 طرف. (ar)
- Le Protocole contre le trafic illicite de migrants par terre, air et mer, additionnel à la Convention des Nations Unies contre la criminalité transnationale organisée, est adopté par l'Assemblée générale des Nations unies en l'an 2000. Il forme l'un des trois instruments de la Convention de Palerme, les deux autres étant le Protocole additionnel à la Convention des Nations Unies contre la criminalité transnationale organisée visant à prévenir, réprimer et punir la traite des personnes, en particulier des femmes et des enfants et le Protocole contre la fabrication et le trafic illicites d'armes à feu, de leurs pièces, éléments et munitions. (fr)
- The Protocol Against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air, supplementing the Convention against Transnational Organised Crime, was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2000. It is also referred to as the Smuggling Protocol. It is one of the three Palermo protocols, the others being the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children and the Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition. (en)
- Il Protocollo addizionale della Convenzione delle Nazioni Unite contro la Criminalità organizzata transnazionale contro il traffico di migranti via terra, via mare e via aria, che completa la Convenzione delle Nazioni Unite contro la criminalità organizzata transnazionale, è stato adottato dall'Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite a Palermo nel 2000. È indicato anche come il "protocollo sul contrabbando". Si tratta di uno dei tre Protocolli di Palermo (gli altri due sono il Protocollo delle Nazioni Unite sulla prevenzione, soppressione e persecuzione del traffico di esseri umani, in particolar modo donne e bambini e il ). Entrato in vigore il 28 gennaio 2004, nel maggio 2013, il protocollo era stato firmato da 112 Stati e ratificato da 135. (it)
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