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- El reconeixement amerindi als Estats Units sovint es refereix al procés amb el que una tribu és reconeguda pel govern federal dels Estats Units, o una persona que se'ls hagi atorgat afiliació a una tribu reconeguda federalment. Hi ha 565 tribus reconegudes federalment als Estats Units. Els Estats Units reconeixen el dret d'aquests pobles a l'autogovern i recolza la seva sobirania tribal i l'autodeterminació. Aquestes tribus tenen dret a establir els requisits legals per a l'adhesió. Poden formar el seu propi govern, dictar lleis (civils i penals), impostos, llicències i la regulació de les activitats, zona, i excloure persones dels territoris tribals. Les limitacions als poders tribals d'autogovern inclouen les mateixes limitacions aplicables als estats. Per exemple, ni tribus ni els estats tenen el poder de fer la guerra, participar en relacions exteriors o encunyar moneda. Abunden les definicions legals sobre els amerindis; segons un estudi del Congrés de 1978, hi ha més de 33 definicions diferents d'"amerindi" utilitzades en la legislació federal. El nombre de definicions augmenten quan es van incloure els estatuts d'inscripció tribal. Les agències governamentals dels Estats Units poden tenir diverses definicions d'"amerindi". Per exemple, el actualment assigna la raça de la mare a un nen nascut de pares de diferents "races". Quan les persones es donen respostes multiracials a les preguntes sobre l'origen, només s'introdueix la primera raça. La de 1978 usa una definició de dues parts que és especialment influent. S'hi defineix "amerindi" com una persona que pertany a una tribu índia, que alhora és un grup que "es reconeix amb dret als programes i serveis especials proporcionats pels Estats Units als indis per la seva condició d'indis." (ca)
- American Indian tribal recognition in the United States most often refers to the process of a tribe being recognized by the United States federal government, or to a person being granted membership to a federally recognized tribe. There are 574 federally recognized tribal governments in the United States. Non-Acknowledged Tribes are tribes which have no federal designation as sovereign entities. This is not to be confused with in the US which are defined by the BIA as any descendant of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas which is a US citizen. Federally Non-Recognized tribes refers to a subgroup of non-acknowledged tribes which had some sort of recognition by the British prior to the formation of the United States or by the United States but which were determined by the government to no longer exist as an Indian tribe or no longer meet the criteria for a nation to nation status. The United States recognizes the right of these tribes to self-government and supports their tribal sovereignty and self-determination. These tribes possess the right to establish the legal requirements for membership. They may form their own government, enforce laws (both civil and criminal), tax, license and regulate activities, zone, and exclude people from tribal territories. Limitations on tribal powers of self-government include the same limitations applicable to states; for example, neither tribes nor states have the power to make war, engage in foreign relations, or coin money. Legal definitions of Indian abound; according to a 1978 congressional survey, there were upwards of 33 separate definitions of "Indian" used in federal legislation. The number of definitions increased when tribal enrollment statutes were included. U.S. Government agencies may have varied definitions of "Indian." For example, the National Center for Health Statistics currently assigns the mother's race to a child born to parents of different "races". When people give multiracial responses to questions of heritage, only the first race is entered. The 1978 American Indian Religious Freedom Act uses a two-part definition which is especially influential. It defines an Indian as a person who belongs to an Indian Tribe, which in turn is a group that "is recognized as eligible for the special programs and services provided by the United States to Indians because of their status as Indians." (en)
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