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Minor histocompatibility antigen (also known as MiHA) are receptors on the cellular surface of donated organs that are known to give an immunological response in some organ transplants. They cause problems of rejection less frequently than those of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Minor histocompatibility antigens (MiHAs) are diverse, short segments of proteins and are referred to as peptides . These peptides are normally around 9-12 amino acids in length and are bound to both the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II proteins. Peptide sequences can differ among individuals and these differences arise from SNPs in the coding region of genes, gene deletions, frameshift mutations, or insertions. About a third of the characterized MiHAs come from the Y chromos

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  • Los antígenos menores de histocompatibilidad (mHAgs) son péptidos propios derivados de proteínas polimórficas (con varios alelos posibles) codificados por cromosomas ligados al sexo (cromosoma Y) o genes dialélicos autosómicos, heredados independientemente del locus HLA, los cuales son presentados en la superficie celular por las moléculas HLA y son reconocidos por células T CD8+ aloreactivas restringidas al HLA clase I o células T CD4+ restringidas HLA clase II. A día de hoy hay descritos 54 mHAgs codificados por genes autosómicos, y su número va en aumento. Este efecto se hizo patente por primera vez, en un contexto clínico, en 1976; donde se observaron graves problemas clínicos tras llevar a cabo un trasplante de precursores hematopoyéticos (HCT del inglés Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation) HLA-haploidéntico entre hermanos. Fueron necesarios cerca de 20 años antes de que se caracterizase molecularmente el primer epítopo de mHAg.​ (es)
  • Minor histocompatibility antigen (also known as MiHA) are receptors on the cellular surface of donated organs that are known to give an immunological response in some organ transplants. They cause problems of rejection less frequently than those of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Minor histocompatibility antigens (MiHAs) are diverse, short segments of proteins and are referred to as peptides . These peptides are normally around 9-12 amino acids in length and are bound to both the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II proteins. Peptide sequences can differ among individuals and these differences arise from SNPs in the coding region of genes, gene deletions, frameshift mutations, or insertions. About a third of the characterized MiHAs come from the Y chromosome. The proteins are composed of a single immunogenic HLA allele . Prior to becoming a short peptide sequence, the proteins expressed by these polymorphic or diverse genes need to be digested in the proteasome into shorter peptides. These endogenous or self peptides are then transported into the endoplasmic reticulum with a peptide transporter pump called TAP where they encounter and bind to the MHC class I molecule. This contrasts with MHC class II molecules's antigens which are peptides derived from phagocytosis/endocytosis and molecular degradation of non-self entities' proteins, usually by antigen-presenting cells. MiHA antigens are either ubiquitously expressed in most tissue like skin and intestines or restrictively expressed in the immune cells. Minor histocompatibility antigens are due to normal proteins that are in themselves polymorphic in a given population. Even when a transplant donor and recipient are identical with respect to their major histocompatibility complex genes, the amino acid differences in minor proteins can cause the grafted tissue to be slowly rejected.Several of the identified Autosomally and Y chromosome encoded MiHAs (en)
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  • Los antígenos menores de histocompatibilidad (mHAgs) son péptidos propios derivados de proteínas polimórficas (con varios alelos posibles) codificados por cromosomas ligados al sexo (cromosoma Y) o genes dialélicos autosómicos, heredados independientemente del locus HLA, los cuales son presentados en la superficie celular por las moléculas HLA y son reconocidos por células T CD8+ aloreactivas restringidas al HLA clase I o células T CD4+ restringidas HLA clase II. A día de hoy hay descritos 54 mHAgs codificados por genes autosómicos, y su número va en aumento. (es)
  • Minor histocompatibility antigen (also known as MiHA) are receptors on the cellular surface of donated organs that are known to give an immunological response in some organ transplants. They cause problems of rejection less frequently than those of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Minor histocompatibility antigens (MiHAs) are diverse, short segments of proteins and are referred to as peptides . These peptides are normally around 9-12 amino acids in length and are bound to both the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II proteins. Peptide sequences can differ among individuals and these differences arise from SNPs in the coding region of genes, gene deletions, frameshift mutations, or insertions. About a third of the characterized MiHAs come from the Y chromos (en)
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  • Antígeno menor de histocompatibilidad (es)
  • Minor histocompatibility antigen (en)
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