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- Eine Lap-Steel-Gitarre oder Hawaiigitarre ist eine akustische oder elektrische Gitarre mit Stahlsaiten, mit oder ohne Resonator. Anders als beim gewöhnlichen Gitarrenspiel wird sie vom sitzenden Gitarristen auf den Schoß (englisch lap) gelegt; die Saiten weisen nach oben. Die Saiten sind am Sattel erhöht, so dass sie nicht gegriffen werden können. Die Lapsteel (Kurzname) wird in einer offenen Stimmung (Open Tuning) gestimmt. Die linke Hand greift nicht, sondern spielt diese Form der Slide-Gitarre mit einem massiven Metallstab oder Rohr (Steel Bar). Typisch für die Lap-Steel-Gitarre als Melodieinstrument ist der von Glissandi geprägte singende Ton. Das Instrument wird in der Hawaiimusik, im Blues sowie seit den Tagen des Western Swing in der Country-Musik eingesetzt. Durch mechanische Weiterentwicklung der Bauweise, Hinzufügen von Saiten, Hälsen, Hebeln und Pedalen entstand in den 1950er Jahren die Pedal-Steel-Gitarre. (de)
- Genuoŝtalgitaroj estas genro de gitarglitado, tiel nomataj ĉar gitaroj estas fasonataj por esti muzikataj plate, sur la genuoj de la muzikisto, kaj ĉar la unuaj konstruitaj ofte havis ŝtalan korpon. La muzikisto pinĉas la kordojn (ofte per plektro) unumane kaj aliamane variigas la altecon de la sono glitante sur la kordoj. Tio permesas krei glitsonojn. Nuntempe, la plejparto de tiaj gitaroj estas elektraj kaj preskaǔ ne havas korpon, ĉi tiu limiĝantas je rako al la mikrofonoj. (eo)
- La lap steel guitar, también conocida como guitarra hawaiana, es un instrumento musical con seis cuerdas y por lo tanto de la familia de los cordófonos, más concretamente de la familia de las steel guitars. Suele utilizarse en diversos tipos de música pero lo más usual es encontrarla en la música hawaiana, el country, el bluegrass y la música folk americana. Es un instrumento que se suele tocar en afinaciones abiertas y con un "tone bar". (es)
- The lap steel guitar, also known as a Hawaiian guitar, is a type of steel guitar without pedals that is typically played with the instrument in a horizontal position across the performer's lap. Unlike the usual manner of playing a traditional acoustic guitar, in which the performer's fingertips press the strings against frets, the pitch of a steel guitar is changed by pressing a polished steel bar against plucked strings (from which the name "steel guitar" derives). Though the instrument does not have frets, it displays markers that resemble them. Lap steels may differ markedly from one another in external appearance, depending on whether they are acoustic or electric, but in either case, do not have pedals, distinguishing them from pedal steel guitar. The steel guitar was the first "foreign" musical instrument to gain a foothold in American pop music. It originated in the Hawaiian Islands about 1885, popularized by an Oahu youth named Joseph Kekuku, who became known for playing a traditional guitar by laying it across his lap and sliding a piece of metal against the strings to change the pitch. The instrument's distinctive portamento sound, characterized by a smooth gliding between notes, became popular throughout the islands. American popular culture became fascinated with Hawaiian music during the first half of the twentieth century – to the degree of becoming a musical fad. Americans were curious about the lap steel instrument featured in its performance, and came to refer to it as a "Hawaiian guitar", and the horizontal playing position as "Hawaiian style". Hawaiian music began its assimilation into American popular music in the 1910s, but with English lyrics; a combination Hawaiians called hapa haole (half-white). In the 1930s, the invention of electric amplification for the lap steel was a milestone in its evolution. It meant that the instrument could be heard equally with other instruments, that it no longer needed a resonance chamber to produce its sound, and that electrified lap steels could be manufactured in any shape (even a rectangular block), with little or no resemblance to a traditional guitar. In the early twentieth century Hawaiian music and the steel guitar began to meld into other musical styles, including blues, jazz, gospel, country music and, particularly, the country music sub-genres Western swing, honky-tonk, and bluegrass. Lap steel pioneers include Sol Hoopii, Bob Dunn, Jerry Byrd, Don Helms, Bud Isaacs, Leon McAuliffe, Josh Graves, Pete Kirby, and Darick Campbell. Conceptually, a lap steel guitar may be likened to playing a guitar with one finger (the bar). This abstraction illustrates one of the instrument's major limitations: its constraint to a single chord that is not changeable during a performance without re-tuning the instrument. An early solution was to build lap steel guitars with two or more necks, each providing a separate set of differently-tuned strings on a single instrument. The performer's hands could move to a different neck at will. Although in the early 1940s, elite players recorded and performed with these multi-neck guitars, most musicians could not afford them. The problem was addressed in 1940 by adding pedals to the lap steel to change the pitch of certain strings easily, making more complex chords available on the same neck. By 1952, this invention revolutionized how the instrument was played, in many ways making it virtually a new instrument, known as a "pedal steel". An overwhelming majority of lap steel players adopted the pedal design, and, as a result, the lap steel became largely obsolete by the late 1950s, with only pockets of devotees in country and Hawaiian music remaining. (en)
- L'expression anglophone lap steel guitar (traduisible littéralement par « guitare jouée avec une steel bar à [poser sur les] genoux ») désigne soit une forme de guitare électrique, dérivée de ses deux cousines acoustiques, la steel guitar ou Dobro (terme venant de la marque des Dopyera brothers, considérés comme les inventeurs de ce type d'instruments, il serait plus approprié de dire résonateur ou résophonic), guitare acoustique à caisse faite tout, ou pour partie, en acier, et équipée de résonateurs, et la guitare hawaïenne, soit, plus simplement, une façon particulière de jouer de la steel guitar ou de la guitare électrique traditionnelle, posée à plat sur les genoux plutôt que jouée parallèle au corps, comme une guitare traditionnelle. L'instrument en tant que tel, dénommé lap steel guitar, partage pour sa part de nombreuses caractéristiques avec sa version montée sur un châssis à pieds et équipée de pédales de contrôle de hauteur des notes, la pedal steel guitar, tant dans sa forme générale que dans la façon d'en jouer. (fr)
- La lap steel guitar (chiamata anche semplicemente lap steel, o "chitarra hawaiana") è un tipo di chitarra steel, che si suona da seduti, appoggiata sulle gambe (lap, in inglese, vuol dire effettivamente "grembo"), sprovvista quindi di meccanismi a pedale. Per estensione il termine si applica allo stesso strumento, anche se sostenuto da una consolle o tenuto all'altezza del ventre da una cinghia più corta del solito. Vi sono due tipi fondamentali di lap steel:
* acustica, con una cassa del tutto simile a quella della chitarra spagnola, dreadnought o resofonica (dobro) o ancora di tipo Weissenborn;
* elettrica, dotata di pick-up come sulle chitarre elettriche. La steel è detta così perché si suona con una barretta d'acciaio chiamata steel-bar o tone-bar (su accordature non standard dette "aperte"). Le corde non toccano quindi mai la tastiera e i tasti sono ridotti alla semplice funzione di riferimento delle note. Generalmente le lap hanno sei corde ma si trovano modelli a 7, 8 e persino 10 corde, talvolta dotati di più tastiere indipendenti. Lo strumento è utilizzato principalmente nella musica hawaiana, hula e hapa-haole, al country degli anni trenta e quaranta, al western-swing più di recente se ne fa un uso estensivo nel neo-progressive, nel post-rock e nel post metal, come nel caso di Steve Howe degli Yes, di David Gilmour dei Pink Floyd, di Ben Harper, dei Red Sparowes e dei Godspeed You! Black Emperor. Recentemente è stata usata nel celebre brano Come with Me Now del gruppo musicale sudafricano Kongos, nel quale viene suonata dal cantante e bassista . Dalla lap è derivata la moderna pedal steel. (it)
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- Genuoŝtalgitaroj estas genro de gitarglitado, tiel nomataj ĉar gitaroj estas fasonataj por esti muzikataj plate, sur la genuoj de la muzikisto, kaj ĉar la unuaj konstruitaj ofte havis ŝtalan korpon. La muzikisto pinĉas la kordojn (ofte per plektro) unumane kaj aliamane variigas la altecon de la sono glitante sur la kordoj. Tio permesas krei glitsonojn. Nuntempe, la plejparto de tiaj gitaroj estas elektraj kaj preskaǔ ne havas korpon, ĉi tiu limiĝantas je rako al la mikrofonoj. (eo)
- La lap steel guitar, también conocida como guitarra hawaiana, es un instrumento musical con seis cuerdas y por lo tanto de la familia de los cordófonos, más concretamente de la familia de las steel guitars. Suele utilizarse en diversos tipos de música pero lo más usual es encontrarla en la música hawaiana, el country, el bluegrass y la música folk americana. Es un instrumento que se suele tocar en afinaciones abiertas y con un "tone bar". (es)
- Eine Lap-Steel-Gitarre oder Hawaiigitarre ist eine akustische oder elektrische Gitarre mit Stahlsaiten, mit oder ohne Resonator. Anders als beim gewöhnlichen Gitarrenspiel wird sie vom sitzenden Gitarristen auf den Schoß (englisch lap) gelegt; die Saiten weisen nach oben. Die Saiten sind am Sattel erhöht, so dass sie nicht gegriffen werden können. Die Lapsteel (Kurzname) wird in einer offenen Stimmung (Open Tuning) gestimmt. Die linke Hand greift nicht, sondern spielt diese Form der Slide-Gitarre mit einem massiven Metallstab oder Rohr (Steel Bar). (de)
- The lap steel guitar, also known as a Hawaiian guitar, is a type of steel guitar without pedals that is typically played with the instrument in a horizontal position across the performer's lap. Unlike the usual manner of playing a traditional acoustic guitar, in which the performer's fingertips press the strings against frets, the pitch of a steel guitar is changed by pressing a polished steel bar against plucked strings (from which the name "steel guitar" derives). Though the instrument does not have frets, it displays markers that resemble them. Lap steels may differ markedly from one another in external appearance, depending on whether they are acoustic or electric, but in either case, do not have pedals, distinguishing them from pedal steel guitar. (en)
- L'expression anglophone lap steel guitar (traduisible littéralement par « guitare jouée avec une steel bar à [poser sur les] genoux ») désigne soit une forme de guitare électrique, dérivée de ses deux cousines acoustiques, la steel guitar ou Dobro (terme venant de la marque des Dopyera brothers, considérés comme les inventeurs de ce type d'instruments, il serait plus approprié de dire résonateur ou résophonic), guitare acoustique à caisse faite tout, ou pour partie, en acier, et équipée de résonateurs, et la guitare hawaïenne, soit, plus simplement, une façon particulière de jouer de la steel guitar ou de la guitare électrique traditionnelle, posée à plat sur les genoux plutôt que jouée parallèle au corps, comme une guitare traditionnelle. (fr)
- La lap steel guitar (chiamata anche semplicemente lap steel, o "chitarra hawaiana") è un tipo di chitarra steel, che si suona da seduti, appoggiata sulle gambe (lap, in inglese, vuol dire effettivamente "grembo"), sprovvista quindi di meccanismi a pedale. Per estensione il termine si applica allo stesso strumento, anche se sostenuto da una consolle o tenuto all'altezza del ventre da una cinghia più corta del solito. Vi sono due tipi fondamentali di lap steel: Generalmente le lap hanno sei corde ma si trovano modelli a 7, 8 e persino 10 corde, talvolta dotati di più tastiere indipendenti. (it)
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