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- Lačného téma či Lačného cyklus, někdy též zkráceně Lačný, je téma některých skladeb kompozičního šachu, pojmenované po československém šachistovi slovenské národnosti Ľudovítu Lačném, který ho poprvé zveřejnil roku 1949. V tomto tématu jsou různé varianty řešení cyklicky propojeny. S cyklickými tématy zřejmě jako první přišel ve 30. letech 20. století italský problemista . Úlohy, které publikoval v časopisech Die Schwalbe a The Problemist, však tehdy nevzbudily příliš zájmu a některé z nich navíc nebyly korektní. V roce 1949 pak zaslal Ľudovít Lačný úlohu s vlastní verzí cyklického tématu do polské soutěže Przepiorkův memoriál. Úloha získala 1. cenu a tzv. Lačného tématu se dostalo velkého ohlasu. Později si téma získalo mnoho příznivců a řada Lačného následovníků ho dále rozvíjela. (cs)
- The Lacny or Lacny cycle is a chess problem theme named after Ľudovít Lačný, the first person to demonstrate the idea in 1949. It is an example of lines of play being cyclically related: in one phase of play, the Black defences a, b and c are answered by the White mates A, B and C respectively; in another phase, those same defences a, b and c are answered by the White mates B, C and A respectively. The theme can be understood by reference to the problem to the right: this is the first problem to demonstrate the idea, by Lacny himself (first prize at the Przepiorka Memorial, 1949); it has been much-reproduced. The set play is: 1...Nh2 [a] 2.Qd4# [A]1...c1=Q [b] 2.Ng2# [B]1...c3 [c] 2.Qe4# [C] The key to the solution is 1.Nd2 (threatening 2.Nf1#), after which the mates are changed thus: 1...Nh2 [a] 2.Ng2# [B]1...c1=Q [b] 2.Qe4# [C]1...c3 [c] 2.Qd4# [A] As well as in set play (as in this example) the theme can be shown in tries, more than one solution or twins. The scheme can be expanded to include more defences; in a fivefold Lacny, for example, the defences a, b, c, d and e are met with the mates A, B, C, D and E respectively in one phase and B, C, D, E and A respectively in another. The cycle can also be extended over three phases to make a complete Lacny cycle; here, the defences a, b and c are answered by the mates A, B and C respectively in one phase; by B, C and A respectively in another; and by C, A and B respectively in a third. This is considerably harder to achieve than the "simple" Lacny, and there are relatively few examples. In the related threat Lacny, short-cut Lacny or , in one phase A is threatened, and defence b leads to mate B while defence c leads to mate C; in another phase B is threatened and defence b leads to mate C while defence c leads to mate A. Once, problems following this scheme were also called Lacnys, but now a distinction tends to be drawn between the two (Peter Gvozdjak in Cyclone suggests this scheme should be called the Shedey cycle after its originator, ). There are a number of other themes featuring cyclic play in different phases, including the and Djurasevic cycles. (en)
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| rdfs:comment
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- Lačného téma či Lačného cyklus, někdy též zkráceně Lačný, je téma některých skladeb kompozičního šachu, pojmenované po československém šachistovi slovenské národnosti Ľudovítu Lačném, který ho poprvé zveřejnil roku 1949. V tomto tématu jsou různé varianty řešení cyklicky propojeny. (cs)
- The Lacny or Lacny cycle is a chess problem theme named after Ľudovít Lačný, the first person to demonstrate the idea in 1949. It is an example of lines of play being cyclically related: in one phase of play, the Black defences a, b and c are answered by the White mates A, B and C respectively; in another phase, those same defences a, b and c are answered by the White mates B, C and A respectively. 1...Nh2 [a] 2.Qd4# [A]1...c1=Q [b] 2.Ng2# [B]1...c3 [c] 2.Qe4# [C] The key to the solution is 1.Nd2 (threatening 2.Nf1#), after which the mates are changed thus: (en)
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