About: Justitium

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Justitium (derived from the Latin term Juris statio) is a concept of Roman law, equivalent to the declaration of the state of emergency. Some scholars also refer to it as a state of exception, stemming from a state of necessity. It involved the suspension of civil business, typically including the courts, the treasury and the Senate and was ordered by the Roman higher magistrates. It was usually declared following a sovereign's death, during the troubled period of interregnum, but also in case of invasions. However, in this last case, it was not as much the physical danger of invasion that justified the instauration of a state of exception, as the consequences that the news of the invasion had in Rome; for example, justitium was proclaimed at the news of Hannibal's attacks. The earliest re

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  • El justitium (derivado del término latino Juris statio)​ es un concepto del derecho romano, equivalente a la declaración del estado de emergencia. (es)
  • Justizium oder Justitium, Rechtsstillstand, den Stillstand der Rechtspflege nennt man eine gerichtliche Untätigkeit. (de)
  • Justitium (derived from the Latin term Juris statio) is a concept of Roman law, equivalent to the declaration of the state of emergency. Some scholars also refer to it as a state of exception, stemming from a state of necessity. It involved the suspension of civil business, typically including the courts, the treasury and the Senate and was ordered by the Roman higher magistrates. It was usually declared following a sovereign's death, during the troubled period of interregnum, but also in case of invasions. However, in this last case, it was not as much the physical danger of invasion that justified the instauration of a state of exception, as the consequences that the news of the invasion had in Rome; for example, justitium was proclaimed at the news of Hannibal's attacks. The earliest recorded occasion of justitium being invoked was for the same reason, when in 465 BC panic gripped the city due to a mistaken belief of imminent invasion by the Aequi. According to Giorgio Agamben, justitium progressively came to mean, after the Roman Republic, the public mourning of the sovereign: a sort of privatization or diversion of the danger threatening the polis, as the sovereign claimed for himself the auctoritas, or authority, necessary to the rule of law. In his conceptualization, it is a period where the law is indefinitely suspended without being abrogated for the purpose of generating an "anomic space in which what is at stake is a force of law without law". (en)
  • Le justitium est un concept du droit romain, qui équivaut à la déclaration de l'état d'urgence. Son nom « justitium » vient du suffixe « -stitium », composé sur le verbe « sto », qui exprime l'idée de se tenir immobile, et de « jus », qui désigne le droit, ou du moins son exercice : ainsi, le justitium entraînait, si ce n'est la suspension du droit (ce qui le distingue de la dictature), du moins l'arrêt du cours de la justice, et par conséquent, l'exercice des droits privés. (fr)
  • Iustitium è un concetto del diritto romano, che equivale alla dichiarazione dello stato di emergenza. Il suo nome Iustitium deriva dal suffisso -stitium, composto sul verbo sto, che esprime l'idea di stare fermi, e Ius, che designa il diritto, o almeno il suo esercizio: così, la Iustitium comportava, se non la sospensione della legge (che la distingue dalla dittatura), almeno il giudizio sul corso della giustizia e, di conseguenza, l'esercizio dei diritti privati. (it)
  • Justitium é um conceito do direito romano, oriundo do latim clássico iūstitium (termo formado por iūs, 'lei', 'direito' ou 'exercício do direito'+ -stit-, radical do particípio passado de sistere, 'permanecer imóvel', 'parar' + -ium), que significa 'cessação das atividades das cortes de justiça' (e, consequentemente, do exercício dos direitos privados). Era comum declarar-se justitium após a morte de um governante, durante o atribulado período de interregnum, mas também em caso de ameaça de invasão. De acordo com Giorgio Agamben, o significado do termo justitium foi sendo progressivamente modificado após a queda da República Romana, passando a designar o período de luto público pelo soberano morto, um período de transição, durante o qual pairava um certo perigo ou ameaça, enquanto o novo soberano reivindicava para si a auctoritas, ou seja, a autoridade necessária à manutenção do estado de direito. Segundo Agamben, é o arquétipo do estado de exceção moderno, no qual a lei é suspensa por um tempo indefinido, sem todavia ser ab-rogada. Com efeito, durante o justitium, eram suspensas as garantias republicanas, o que dava lugar à senatus consultum ultimum (um decreto de emergência, emitido pelo senado, típico da última fase da República). Ainda segundo Giorgio Agamben, após a República Romana, o justitium progressivamente mudou de significado, passando a designar o período de luto oficial pelo soberano morto — uma espécie de distração em relação ao perigo que ameaçava o Estado, enquanto o novo soberano defendia o reconhecimento de sua auctoritas, necessária ao Estado de direito. (pt)
  • Justitium, lat., var inom romersk rätt ett upphörande av domstolarnas verksamhet till följd av förhållanden, som var oberoende av deras vilja, till exempel krig, farsot och så vidare I moderna termer motsvaras detsamma av undantagstillstånd. Då under justitium parterna saknade möjlighet att fullfölja sin rätt, så inräknades inte den tid, under vilken justitium varade, i de frister, som annars var bestämda för vissa rättsliga handlingar (jfr moratorium). (sv)
  • Юстициум (лат. justitium, также iustitium) — институт римского права, предоставлявший должностным лицам Древнего Рима чрезвычайные полномочия. В результате этого происходила остановка судебных процессов и прекращение общественных мероприятий. Рассматривается как прообраз современного режима чрезвычайного положения, который предполагает ограничение прав и свобод граждан, юридических лиц, а также возложение на них дополнительных обязанностей. (ru)
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  • El justitium (derivado del término latino Juris statio)​ es un concepto del derecho romano, equivalente a la declaración del estado de emergencia. (es)
  • Justizium oder Justitium, Rechtsstillstand, den Stillstand der Rechtspflege nennt man eine gerichtliche Untätigkeit. (de)
  • Le justitium est un concept du droit romain, qui équivaut à la déclaration de l'état d'urgence. Son nom « justitium » vient du suffixe « -stitium », composé sur le verbe « sto », qui exprime l'idée de se tenir immobile, et de « jus », qui désigne le droit, ou du moins son exercice : ainsi, le justitium entraînait, si ce n'est la suspension du droit (ce qui le distingue de la dictature), du moins l'arrêt du cours de la justice, et par conséquent, l'exercice des droits privés. (fr)
  • Iustitium è un concetto del diritto romano, che equivale alla dichiarazione dello stato di emergenza. Il suo nome Iustitium deriva dal suffisso -stitium, composto sul verbo sto, che esprime l'idea di stare fermi, e Ius, che designa il diritto, o almeno il suo esercizio: così, la Iustitium comportava, se non la sospensione della legge (che la distingue dalla dittatura), almeno il giudizio sul corso della giustizia e, di conseguenza, l'esercizio dei diritti privati. (it)
  • Justitium, lat., var inom romersk rätt ett upphörande av domstolarnas verksamhet till följd av förhållanden, som var oberoende av deras vilja, till exempel krig, farsot och så vidare I moderna termer motsvaras detsamma av undantagstillstånd. Då under justitium parterna saknade möjlighet att fullfölja sin rätt, så inräknades inte den tid, under vilken justitium varade, i de frister, som annars var bestämda för vissa rättsliga handlingar (jfr moratorium). (sv)
  • Юстициум (лат. justitium, также iustitium) — институт римского права, предоставлявший должностным лицам Древнего Рима чрезвычайные полномочия. В результате этого происходила остановка судебных процессов и прекращение общественных мероприятий. Рассматривается как прообраз современного режима чрезвычайного положения, который предполагает ограничение прав и свобод граждан, юридических лиц, а также возложение на них дополнительных обязанностей. (ru)
  • Justitium (derived from the Latin term Juris statio) is a concept of Roman law, equivalent to the declaration of the state of emergency. Some scholars also refer to it as a state of exception, stemming from a state of necessity. It involved the suspension of civil business, typically including the courts, the treasury and the Senate and was ordered by the Roman higher magistrates. It was usually declared following a sovereign's death, during the troubled period of interregnum, but also in case of invasions. However, in this last case, it was not as much the physical danger of invasion that justified the instauration of a state of exception, as the consequences that the news of the invasion had in Rome; for example, justitium was proclaimed at the news of Hannibal's attacks. The earliest re (en)
  • Justitium é um conceito do direito romano, oriundo do latim clássico iūstitium (termo formado por iūs, 'lei', 'direito' ou 'exercício do direito'+ -stit-, radical do particípio passado de sistere, 'permanecer imóvel', 'parar' + -ium), que significa 'cessação das atividades das cortes de justiça' (e, consequentemente, do exercício dos direitos privados). (pt)
rdfs:label
  • Justizium (de)
  • Justitium (es)
  • Iustitium (it)
  • Justitium (en)
  • Justitium (fr)
  • Justitium (pt)
  • Justitium (ru)
  • Justitium (sv)
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