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- جون كونينغهام (بالإنجليزية: John McEnery) (و. 1833 – 1891 م) هو سياسي، ومحامي أمريكي، ولد في بطرسبرغ، فرجينيا، كان عضوًا في الحزب الديمقراطي الأمريكي، ويحمل رتبة عسكرية بدبلكفنك، توفي في نيو أورلينز، عن عمر يناهز 58 عاماً. (ar)
- John McEnery (* 31. März 1833 in Petersburg, Virginia; † 28. März 1891 in Washington D.C.) war ein US-amerikanischer Politiker und im Jahr 1873 Gouverneur des Bundesstaates Louisiana. (de)
- John McEnery (March 31, 1833, Petersburg, Virginia – March 28, 1891) was a Louisiana Democratic politician and lawyer who was considered by Democrats to be the winner of the highly contested 1872 election for Governor of Louisiana. After extended controversy over election results, the Republican candidate William Pitt Kellogg was certified. McEnery, who had been an officer in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War, was not allowed to take office following a weighing in by the federal government and local Republicans loyal to President Ulysses S. Grant. In the election of 1872, McEnery, a Democrat, was supported by a coalition of Democrats and anti-Grant Republicans, including Republican Gov. Henry C. Warmoth. Warmoth's opponents in the Republican Party remained loyal to President Grant, and supported Republican nominee William Pitt Kellogg. Governor Warmoth had appointed the State Returning Board, which administered elections. A rival board endorsed Kellogg, although Kellogg's board had no returns or ballots to count; Warmoth was impeached and removed for "stealing" the election. The lieutenant governor, black Republican P. B. S. Pinchback, became governor for the last 35 days of Warmoth's term. Both McEnery and Kellogg had inaugural parties and certified lists of local officeholders. In the spring of 1873, McEnery and his friends formed a rump legislature in New Orleans. After a failed attempt in 1873, five thousand of his armed white militia entered New Orleans and fought off the police and state militia on September 14, 1874. They occupied the statehouse and armory and turned the Republican Kellogg out of office. This was called the Battle of Liberty Place. It was not until Federal troops were on their way that the forces retreated from New Orleans. McEnery had encouraged armed action in a speech in June: There is not a decent thinking man in Louisiana who will deny that race lines of distinction are already sharply drawn, and that as each day passes the breach gapes wider, that separates the white from the colored race in this State of ours. Further, that unless this insolent encroachment on the rights, political and social of the white people of Louisiana is ended, the day of the irrepressible conflict will come when physical force shall solve the political problems of Louisiana polities. The only means of averting this calamity lies in the union of the white people of the State, representing as they do, its virtue, courage and wealth, into one compact and imposing phalanx. The extended controversy contributed to violence throughout the state. The Colfax Massacre on Easter Sunday 1873 was related to the contested election. White Democratic militia, raised from surrounding parishes, attacked Republican blacks who had gathered at the Colfax courthouse to defend Republican officeholders. The attackers killed more than 80 black men; three whites were killed. The events were preceded by rumors on both sides, as tensions rose in the parish. Similarly, in Coushatta, the seat of the new Red River Parish, Republican Marshall H. Twitchell was the influential state senator. White militia drove six Republican officeholders from town, but killed them before they could leave the state. In 1874, whites in Grant Parish who had been part of the militia at Colfax, formed the first chapter of the paramilitary organization the White League. They served as an arm of the Democratic Party in driving out Republicans and suppressing black voting at elections. Grant Parish and Colfax, formed under the Reconstruction legislature, were named for Reconstruction President Grant and Vice President Schuyler Colfax. McEnery's prominent identification with white supremacy assisted his brother Samuel McEnery in being elected Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana in 1880. Samuel McEnery succeeded to the Governorship after Louis Wiltz died, and retained the office until 1888. Amid allegations of corruption, Samuel McEnery was not re-elected that year. (en)
- John McEnery, né le 31 mars 1833 et mort le 28 mars 1891, gouverneur de la Louisiane du 13 janvier 1873 au 22 mai 1873, Démocrate. John McEnery et son adversaire William P. Kellogg revendiquèrent la victoire en 1872 et les deux hommes furent assermentés. Ce n'est que le 20 septembre 1873 que le président Ulysses S. Grant déclara Kellogg comme gouverneur légal. (fr)
- John McEnery, född 31 maj 1833 i Petersburg, Virginia, död 28 mars 1891 i Louisiana, var en amerikansk politiker (demokrat). Han var Louisianas guvernör från januari till maj 1873. Han var bror till Samuel D. McEnery. John McEnery avlade juristexamen vid University of Louisiana (numera ) och inledde sin karriär som advokat i Louisiana. År 1856 gifte han sig med Mary G. Thompson och paret fick sex barn. I amerikanska inbördeskriget deltog han i Amerikas konfedererade staters armé och befordrades till överstelöjtnant. McEnery efterträdde P.B.S. Pinchback som guvernör och efterträddes senare samma år av William P. Kellogg. Orsaken till att McEnerys tid i ämbetet blev kortvarig var att president Ulysses S. Grant ansåg att republikanen Kellogg hade vunnit det omtvistade guvernörsvalet 1872 och avgjorde situationen efter att båda kandidaterna hade utropat sig till segrare och svurit ämbetseden. Med två guvernörer var Louisiana på väg in i en väpnad konflikt vilket föranledde den federala regeringens intervention. Den ursprungliga rösträkningen hade slutat till McEnerys fördel men Kellogg hade utropats till segrare av en konkurrerande valnämnd. Katoliken McEnery avled 1891 och gravsattes på Metairie Cemetery i New Orleans. (sv)
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- New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S. (en)
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- Democratic nominee for Governor of Louisiana (en)
- Governor of Louisiana
John McEnery (en)
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- جون كونينغهام (بالإنجليزية: John McEnery) (و. 1833 – 1891 م) هو سياسي، ومحامي أمريكي، ولد في بطرسبرغ، فرجينيا، كان عضوًا في الحزب الديمقراطي الأمريكي، ويحمل رتبة عسكرية بدبلكفنك، توفي في نيو أورلينز، عن عمر يناهز 58 عاماً. (ar)
- John McEnery (* 31. März 1833 in Petersburg, Virginia; † 28. März 1891 in Washington D.C.) war ein US-amerikanischer Politiker und im Jahr 1873 Gouverneur des Bundesstaates Louisiana. (de)
- John McEnery, né le 31 mars 1833 et mort le 28 mars 1891, gouverneur de la Louisiane du 13 janvier 1873 au 22 mai 1873, Démocrate. John McEnery et son adversaire William P. Kellogg revendiquèrent la victoire en 1872 et les deux hommes furent assermentés. Ce n'est que le 20 septembre 1873 que le président Ulysses S. Grant déclara Kellogg comme gouverneur légal. (fr)
- John McEnery (March 31, 1833, Petersburg, Virginia – March 28, 1891) was a Louisiana Democratic politician and lawyer who was considered by Democrats to be the winner of the highly contested 1872 election for Governor of Louisiana. After extended controversy over election results, the Republican candidate William Pitt Kellogg was certified. McEnery, who had been an officer in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War, was not allowed to take office following a weighing in by the federal government and local Republicans loyal to President Ulysses S. Grant. (en)
- John McEnery, född 31 maj 1833 i Petersburg, Virginia, död 28 mars 1891 i Louisiana, var en amerikansk politiker (demokrat). Han var Louisianas guvernör från januari till maj 1873. Han var bror till Samuel D. McEnery. John McEnery avlade juristexamen vid University of Louisiana (numera ) och inledde sin karriär som advokat i Louisiana. År 1856 gifte han sig med Mary G. Thompson och paret fick sex barn. I amerikanska inbördeskriget deltog han i Amerikas konfedererade staters armé och befordrades till överstelöjtnant. Katoliken McEnery avled 1891 och gravsattes på Metairie Cemetery i New Orleans. (sv)
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- جون كونينغهام (ar)
- John McEnery (Politiker) (de)
- John McEnery (gouverneur) (fr)
- John McEnery (politician) (en)
- John McEnery (guvernör) (sv)
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