Francis Beverley Biddle (May 9, 1886 – October 4, 1968) was an American lawyer and judge who was Attorney General of the United States during World War II and who served as the primary American judge during the postwar Nuremberg trials.

PropertyValue
p:abstract
  • Francis Beverley Biddle (May 9, 1886 – October 4, 1968) was an American lawyer and judge who was Attorney General of the United States during World War II and who served as the primary American judge during the postwar Nuremberg trials. Biddle was one of four sons of Algernon Biddle, a law professor at the University of Pennsylvania. He was also a great-great-grandson of Edmund Randolph, and a half second cousin four times removed of James Madison. He was born in Paris, while his family was living abroad. He graduated from the Groton School, where he participated in boxing. He earned degrees from Harvard University in 1909 and a law degree in 1911. He first worked as a private secretary to Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. He spent the next 27 years practicing law in Philadelphia. In 1912, he supported the presidential candidacy of former U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt's renegade Bull Moose Party. In 1935, President Franklin D. Roosevelt nominated him to be chairman of the National Labor Relations Board, then four years later, became a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. He only served one year before leaving to become the United States Solicitor General. This also turned out to be a short-lived position when Roosevelt nominated him to the position of Attorney General of the United States in 1941. Serving in this position throughout most of World War II, Biddle is perhaps best remembered as Attorney General for his actions in directing the Federal Bureau of Investigation arrest of "enemy aliens" on December 7, 1941 as the precursor to Executive Order 9066 which authorized the US Japanese internment camps of the second world war. When Roosevelt died, President Harry S. Truman asked for Biddle's resignation so Truman could replace him with Tom Clark, one of Truman's poker buddies. Biddle, who wore spats, relates in his memoirs that Truman was quite ill-at-ease. Once Truman got it out, Biddle put his arm around the President and said, "See, Harry, that wasn't so hard." Shortly after, Truman appointed Biddle as a judge at the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg. In 1947, he was nominated by Truman as the American representative on the United Nations Economic and Social Council. However, after the Republican Party refused to act on the nomination, Biddle asked Truman to withdraw his name. In the early 1950s, he was named as chairman of the Americans for Democratic Action, then one decade later, wrote two volumes of memoirs: A Casual Past in 1961 and In Brief Authority the following year. His final position came as chairman of the Franklin D. Roosevelt Memorial Commission, which he resigned in 1965. Biddle's writing skills had long been in evidence prior to the release of his memoirs. In 1927, he wrote a novel about Philadelphia society, "The Llanfear Pattern." In 1942, he took advantage of his close association with Oliver Wendell Holmes 30 years earlier with a biography of the jurist, "Mr. Justice Holmes," then wrote "Democratic Thinking and the War" two years later. His 1949 book, The World's Best Hope looked at the United States' role in the post-war era. Biddle was married to the poet Katherine Garrison Chapin. He died of a heart attack in Wellfleet, Massachusetts, on October 4, 1968. He had two sons, Edmund Randolph Biddle and Garrison Chapin, and was the subject of the 2004 play Trying by Joanna McClelland Glass, who had served as Biddle's personal secretary from 1967 to 1968. (en)
  • Francis (Beverly) Algernon Biddle was een Amerikaanse rechter. In 1911 studeerde hij af met zijn rechtenstudie aan de universiteit van Harvard. Na zijn studie werkte hij als secretaris van de voorzitter van de Supreme Court, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. en vervolgens werkte hij 27 jaren als rechter in Philadelphia. In 1935 werd Biddle door de toenmalige Amerikaanse president Franklin D. Roosevelt benoemd tot voorzitter van de National Labor Relations Board. Daarna werd hij in 1939 rechter bij de Amerikaanse United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit in (het Hof van Beroep in Philadelphia). Met dit werk hield hij na een jaar op en werd hij landsadvocaat van de Amerikaanse regering. Na de Tweede Wereldoorlog werd hij in 1945 rechter namens de Verenigde Staten bij de Processen van Neurenberg. Francis A. Biddle was getrouwd met de dichteres Katherine Garrison Chapin en hij overleed op 4 oktober 1968 op 82-jarige leeftijd in Hyannis, Massachusetts. (nl)
  • Francis Biddle (ur. 9 maja 1886 w Paryżu, zm. 4 października 1968 w Wellfleet, Massachusetts) - amerykański prawnik i sędzia, Prokurator Generalny w czasie II wojny światowej. Był głównym amerykańskim sędzią w powojennych Procesach Norymberskich. (pl)
  • Francis Beverley Biddle, född 9 maj 1886 i Paris, Frankrike, död 4 oktober 1968 i Wellfleet, Massachusetts, var amerikansk justitieminister under andra världskriget och domare i Nürnbergprocessen. Biddles far Algernon Biddle var juridikprofessor vid University of Pennsylvania. En av Biddles anfäder var USA:s allra första justitieminister Edmund Randolph. Han studerade vid Harvard University och arbetade som privatsekreterare för Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. som var domare iför att kandidera för det progressiva partiet, s.k. Bull Moose Party. Biddle tjänstgjorde som USA:s justitieminister 1941-1945 under president Franklin D. Roosevelt. 1941 beordrade Biddle FBI att anhålla fiendens medborgare i USA, något som följdes av president Roosevelts order om interneringsläger för japaner. På begäran av president Harry S. Truman avgick Biddle som justitieminister efter Franklin D. Roosevelts död. Därefter utnämnde Truman Biddle som domare i Nürnbergprocessen. Biddle skrev bland annat två memoarböcker och en biografi över Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., Mr. Justice Holmes. 1949 utkom Biddles bok The World's Best Hope som begrundade USA:s roll i världen efter andra världskriget. (sv)
  • 弗朗西斯·贝弗利·比德尔（Francis Beverley Biddle，1886年5月9日法国巴黎 - 1968年10月4日马萨诸塞州韦尔弗利特），美国律师、政治家，曾任美国司法部长。 比德尔是纽伦堡审判中的美国法官。 (zh)
  • Francis Beverley Biddle (* 9. Mai 1886 in Paris; † 4. Oktober 1968 in Hyannis, Massachusetts) war ein Richter in den Vereinigten Staaten. Biddle war nach Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs der US-amerikanische Hauptrichter bei den Nürnberger Prozessen. Biddle war einer von vier Söhnen von Algernon Biddle, einem Professor für Recht an der University of Pennsylvania. Biddle besuchte zunächst die Groton School in Massachusetts. 1909 machte er an der Harvard University seinen Abschluss als Bachelor of Arts und 1911 einen Abschluss in Recht. Nach der Universität arbeitete Biddle als Privatsekretär von Richter Oliver Wendell Holmes junior am Obersten Gerichtshof der Vereinigten Staaten. Danach war er 27 Jahre lang als praktizierender Rechtsanwalt in Philadelphia tätig. 1935 nominierte ihn der Präsident Franklin D. Roosevelt für den Vorsitz des National Labor Relations Board. 1939 wurde Biddle Richter am Bundesberufungsgericht für den 3. Gerichtskreis. Nach einem Jahr schied er aus und wurde zum United States Solicitor General ernannt. Auch in diesem Amt verweilte er nicht lange. Roosevelt ernannte Biddle 1941 für die Position des Attorney General der Vereinigten Staaten. Er übte diese Funktion bis Juni 1945 aus, auf Bitte von Präsident Harry S. Truman trat er nach Roosevelts Tod zurück. Kurz darauf ernannte Truman ihn als Richter am Internationalen Militärgerichtshof bei den Nürnberger Prozessen. Francis Biddle war mit der Dichterin Katherine Garrison Chapin verheiratet. Mit ihr hatte er zwei Söhne, Edmund Randolph Biddle und Garrison Chapin. (de)
p:before
p:hasPhotoCollection
p:relatedInstance
p:rows
  • 2 (xsd:integer)
p:wikiPageUsesTemplate
rdf:type
rdfs:comment
  • Francis Beverley Biddle (May 9, 1886 – October 4, 1968) was an American lawyer and judge who was Attorney General of the United States during World War II and who served as the primary American judge during the postwar Nuremberg trials. (en)
  • Francis (Beverly) Algernon Biddle was een Amerikaanse rechter. (nl)
  • Francis Biddle (ur. 9 maja 1886 w Paryżu, zm. (pl)
  • Francis Beverley Biddle, född 9 maj 1886 i Paris, Frankrike, död 4 oktober 1968 i Wellfleet, Massachusetts, var amerikansk justitieminister under andra världskriget och domare i Nürnbergprocessen. (sv)
  • 弗朗西斯·贝弗利·比德尔（Francis Beverley Biddle，1886年5月9日法国巴黎 - 1968年10月4日马萨诸塞州韦尔弗利特），美国律师、政治家，曾任美国司法部长。 比德尔是纽伦� �审判中的美国法官。 (zh)
  • Francis Beverley Biddle (* 9. Mai 1886 in Paris; † 4. Oktober 1968 in Hyannis, Massachusetts) war ein Richter in den Vereinigten Staaten. (de)
rdfs:label
  • Francis Biddle (en)
  • Francis A. Biddle (nl)
  • Francis Biddle (pl)
  • Francis Biddle (sv)
  • 弗朗西斯·B·比德尔 (zh)
  • Francis Biddle (de)
owl:sameAs
skos:subject
foaf:page
is dbpedia-owl:writer of
is p:after of
is p:before of
is p:justice of
is p:name of
is p:redirect of
is p:successor of
is p:writer of
is owl:sameAs of