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Missouri Executive Order 44, commonly known as the Mormon Extermination Order, was an executive order issued on October 27, 1838, by the then Governor of Missouri, Lilburn Boggs. The order was issued in the aftermath of the Battle of Crooked River, a clash between Mormons and a unit of the Missouri State Militia in northern Ray County, Missouri, during the 1838 Mormon War. Claiming that the Mormons had committed open and avowed defiance of the law and had made war upon the people of Missouri, Governor Boggs directed that "the Mormons must be treated as enemies, and must be exterminated or driven from the State if necessary for the public peace—their outrages are beyond all description". The Militia and other state authorities—General John B. Clark, among them—used the executive order to vi

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  • Die Missouri Executive Order 44 ist eine Verordnung in der Geschichte des US-Bundesstaates Missouri, die am 27. Oktober 1838 vom Gouverneur Missouris Lilburn Boggs erlassen wurde. Sie wurde nach der Schlacht um dem im Mormonenkrieg 1838, nach einer Auseinandersetzung zwischen Mormonen und einer Staatsmiliz, erlassen. Der Gouverneur bestand darauf, dass sich die Mormonen offen und absichtlich gegen das Gesetz gestellt und Krieg gegen die Bürger des Staates geführt hätten und deshalb als Feinde behandelt und ausgerottet oder aus dem Staat vertrieben werden müssten. Obwohl die Verordnung als Mormonische Ausrottungsverordnung bezeichnet wurde[von wem?], verloren relativ wenige Menschen ihr Leben. Aber die Staatsmilizen nutzten die Verordnung als Grund dafür, die Mormonen von ihrem Land in Missouri zu vertreiben und sie zu zwingen, nach Illinois auszuwandern. Die Mormonen kamen erst 25 Jahre später nach Missouri zurück, als sie eine wohlwollendere Umgebung vorfanden, um dort Häuser zu bauen. Im Jahr 1976 wurde die Verordnung formal, wegen ihrer Verfassungswidrigkeit, von dem damaligen Gouverneur Missouris Kit Bond abgeschafft. (de)
  • Missouri Executive Order 44, commonly known as the Mormon Extermination Order, was an executive order issued on October 27, 1838, by the then Governor of Missouri, Lilburn Boggs. The order was issued in the aftermath of the Battle of Crooked River, a clash between Mormons and a unit of the Missouri State Militia in northern Ray County, Missouri, during the 1838 Mormon War. Claiming that the Mormons had committed open and avowed defiance of the law and had made war upon the people of Missouri, Governor Boggs directed that "the Mormons must be treated as enemies, and must be exterminated or driven from the State if necessary for the public peace—their outrages are beyond all description". The Militia and other state authorities—General John B. Clark, among them—used the executive order to violently expel the Mormons from their lands in the state following their capitulation, which in turn led to their forced migration to Nauvoo, Illinois. The order was supported by most northwest Missouri citizens but was questioned or denounced by a few. However, no determination of the order's legality was ever made. On June 25, 1976, Governor Kit Bond issued an executive order rescinding the Extermination Order, recognizing its legal invalidity and formally apologizing on behalf of the State of Missouri for the suffering it had caused the Mormons. (en)
  • Il Missouri Executive Order 44,, noto anche come l'ordine di sterminio (in inglese extermination order) e come l'ordine di sterminamento (exterminating order) nella storia del mormonismo, fu un ordine esecutivo emanato il 27 ottobre 1838 dal governatore del Missouri Lilburn Boggs nel corso della presidenza di Martin Van Buren durante la guerra mormonica del 1838. L'ordine era in risposta a ciò che Boggs definiva una "aperta e dichiarata sfida alle leggi, e aver portato la guerra sul popolo di questo Stato ... i Mormoni devono essere trattati come nemici, e devono essere sterminati o condotti fuori dallo Stato se necessario per la pace pubblica - i loro oltraggi sono oltre ogni descrizione". L'ordine fu revocato formalmente nel 1976. (it)
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  • Die Missouri Executive Order 44 ist eine Verordnung in der Geschichte des US-Bundesstaates Missouri, die am 27. Oktober 1838 vom Gouverneur Missouris Lilburn Boggs erlassen wurde. Sie wurde nach der Schlacht um dem im Mormonenkrieg 1838, nach einer Auseinandersetzung zwischen Mormonen und einer Staatsmiliz, erlassen. Der Gouverneur bestand darauf, dass sich die Mormonen offen und absichtlich gegen das Gesetz gestellt und Krieg gegen die Bürger des Staates geführt hätten und deshalb als Feinde behandelt und ausgerottet oder aus dem Staat vertrieben werden müssten. Obwohl die Verordnung als Mormonische Ausrottungsverordnung bezeichnet wurde[von wem?], verloren relativ wenige Menschen ihr Leben. Aber die Staatsmilizen nutzten die Verordnung als Grund dafür, die Mormonen von ihrem Land in Mis (de)
  • Missouri Executive Order 44, commonly known as the Mormon Extermination Order, was an executive order issued on October 27, 1838, by the then Governor of Missouri, Lilburn Boggs. The order was issued in the aftermath of the Battle of Crooked River, a clash between Mormons and a unit of the Missouri State Militia in northern Ray County, Missouri, during the 1838 Mormon War. Claiming that the Mormons had committed open and avowed defiance of the law and had made war upon the people of Missouri, Governor Boggs directed that "the Mormons must be treated as enemies, and must be exterminated or driven from the State if necessary for the public peace—their outrages are beyond all description". The Militia and other state authorities—General John B. Clark, among them—used the executive order to vi (en)
  • Il Missouri Executive Order 44,, noto anche come l'ordine di sterminio (in inglese extermination order) e come l'ordine di sterminamento (exterminating order) nella storia del mormonismo, fu un ordine esecutivo emanato il 27 ottobre 1838 dal governatore del Missouri Lilburn Boggs nel corso della presidenza di Martin Van Buren durante la guerra mormonica del 1838. (it)
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  • Missouri Executive Order 44 (de)
  • Missouri Executive Order 44 (it)
  • Mormon Extermination Order (en)
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