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- Ο Όρκος των Αθηναίων Εφήβων ή ο της Αγραύλου εφήβων όρκος ή ο των Εφήβων όρκος ήταν ο όρκος που έδιναν οι Αθηναίοι έφηβοι κατά την ενηλικίωσή τους, όταν έπαιρναν τα όπλα. Οι Αθηναίοι, όταν γίνονταν 18 ετών έπρεπε να υπηρετήσουν στρατιώτες για δύο χρόνια. Σε επίσημη τελετή, παρουσιάζονταν στην εκκλησία του δήμου στην Πνύκα, αναγράφονταν στους καταλόγους των πολιτών (ληξιαρχικόν γραμματείον) και τους χορηγούνταν ένα δόρυ και μια ασπίδα. Η τελετή αυτή συχνά συνδυάζονταν με θεατρικές εκδηλώσεις. Κατόπιν, ένοπλοι ανέβαιναν στην Ακρόπολη και κρατώντας ασπίδα έδιναν στο ιερό της Αγραύλου τον όρκο των Αθηναίων εφήβων. Ο όρκος διασώζεται από τον ρήτορα Λυκούργο και αναφέρεται από τον Δημοσθένη και τον Αριστοτέλη. Λέγεται μάλιστα πως ο όρκος γράφτηκε από τον ίδιο τον Σόλωνα, νομοθέτη των Αθηναίων. Στον όρκο διακρίνουμε πρωτίστως την προσήλωση στον παραστάτη, κρίσιμο σημείο στον τρόπο διεξαγωγής της μάχης εκείνων των εποχών, τον σεβασμό στα ιερά, στην πατρίδα και στους νόμους. Εν κατακλείδι αναφέρονται ως μάρτυρες θεοί, που προσδίδουν επισημότητα και κύρος στις ένορκες διαβεβαιώσεις των εφήβων. Κρατώντας τα όπλα που του εμπιστευόταν η Πατρίδα, ο Αθηναίος έφηβος μπροστά στο ναό της Αγραύλου έδινε τον όρκο : (el)
- The ephebic oath was an oath sworn by young men of Classical Athens, typically eighteen-year-old sons of Athenian citizens, upon induction into the military academy, the Ephebic College, graduation from which was required to attain status as citizens. The applicant would have been dressed in full armour, shield and spear in his left hand, his right hand raised and touching the right hand of the moderator. The oath was quoted by the Attic orator Lycurgus, in his work Against Leocrates (4th century BC), though it is certainly archaic (5th century BC). The Ephebate, an organization for training the young men of Athens, chiefly in military matters, had existed since the 5th century but was reorganized by Lycurgus. The oath was taken in the temple of Aglaurus, daughter of Cecrops, probably at the age of eighteen when the youth underwent an examination (Greek: δοκιμασία) and had his name entered on the deme register. He was then an ephebos until the age of twenty. (en)
- El juramento de los efebos era un juramento hecho por hombres jóvenes (efebos) en la Atenas clásica, normalmente por ciudadanos atenienses de 18 años, al ingresar a al entrenamiento militar, requisito para obtener el estatus de ciudadanos. El solicitante estaba vestido con armadura completa, escudo y lanza en su mano izquierda, su mano derecha levantada y tocando la mano derecha del moderador. El juramento fue citado por el orador ático Licurgo de Atenas, en su obra Contra Leócrates (siglo IV a. C.), aunque el estilo que usa es elarcaico (siglo V a. C.). El Ephebato era una organización que entrenaba a los jóvenes de Atenas, principalmente en asuntos militares, existía desde el siglo V pero fue reorganizada por Licurgo de Atenas. El juramento se realizaba en el templo de Aglauro, hija de Cécrope I, probablemente a la edad de dieciocho años cuando el joven se sometió a un examen (en griego: δοκιμασία, dokimasia) y su nombre era inscrito en el registro del demo. Luego fue un efebo hasta los veinte años. (es)
- Il giuramento efebico era un giuramento prestato da giovani uomini dell'Atene classica, tipicamente figli diciottenni di cittadini ateniesi, dopo l'ingresso nell'accademia militare, il Collegio Efebico, laurea che era richiesta per ottenere lo status di cittadini. Il richiedente sarebbe stato vestito con armatura completa, scudo e lancia nella mano sinistra, la mano destra alzata e toccante la mano destra del moderatore. Il giuramento è citato dall'oratore attico Licurgo, nella sua opera Contro Leocrate (IV secolo a.C.), sebbene sia certamente arcaico (V secolo a.C.). L'Efebate, un'organizzazione per l'addestramento dei giovani di Atene, principalmente in materia militare, esisteva dal V secolo a.C. ma fu riorganizzata da Licurgo. Il giuramento veniva prestato nel tempio di Aglauro, figlia di Cecrope, probabilmente all'età di diciotto anni quando il giovane veniva sottoposto a un esame (greco: δοκιμασία) e faceva iscrivere il suo nome nel registro demografico. Era poi un efebo fino all'età di vent'anni. (it)
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- I shall never bring disgrace to my city, nor shall I ever desert my comrades in the ranks: but I, both alone and with my many comrades, shall fight for the ideals and sacred things of the city. I shall willingly pay heed to whoever renders judgment with wisdom and shall obey both the laws already established and whatever laws the people in their wisdom shall establish. I, alone and with my comrades, shall resist anyone who destroys the laws or disobeys them. I shall not leave my city any less but rather greater than I found it. (en)
- "We will never bring disgrace to this, our City, by any act of dishonesty or cowardice, nor ever desert our suffering comrades in the ranks. We will fight for the ideals and sacred things of our City, both alone and with many; we will revere and obey the City's laws and do our best to incite a like reverence and respect in those around us who are prone to annul them or set them at nought; we will strive unceasingly to quicken the public's sense of civic duty. Thus in all these ways, we will transmit this City not only not less, but to a great extent better and more beautiful than it was transmitted to us. Ludud supra praemium" (en)
- We will ever strive for the ideals and sacred things of the city, both alone and with many; We will unceasingly seek to quicken the sense of public duty; We will revere and obey the city’s laws; We will transmit this city not only not less, but greater, better and more beautiful than it was transmitted to us. (en)
- I will not disgrace these sacred arms, nor ever desert a comrade in the ranks. I will guard the Temples and the Centers of Civic Life, and uphold the ideals of my Country, both alone and in concert with others. I will at all times obey the Magistrates and observe the Laws as well those at present in force as those the Majority may hereafter enact. Should any one seek to subvert those laws or set them aside, Him I will oppose either in common with others or alone. In these ways it shall be my constant aim not only to preserve the things of worth in my Native Land, but to make them of still greater worth. (en)
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- -inscribed on a bronze plaque at the Thacher School, and given the title "Oath of the Young Men of Athens" (en)
- -recited by incoming students at Townsend Harris High School (en)
- -the school song of Wolverhampton Girls’ High School (en)
- -found in the foyer of the Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs (en)
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- Ο Όρκος των Αθηναίων Εφήβων ή ο της Αγραύλου εφήβων όρκος ή ο των Εφήβων όρκος ήταν ο όρκος που έδιναν οι Αθηναίοι έφηβοι κατά την ενηλικίωσή τους, όταν έπαιρναν τα όπλα. Οι Αθηναίοι, όταν γίνονταν 18 ετών έπρεπε να υπηρετήσουν στρατιώτες για δύο χρόνια. Σε επίσημη τελετή, παρουσιάζονταν στην εκκλησία του δήμου στην Πνύκα, αναγράφονταν στους καταλόγους των πολιτών (ληξιαρχικόν γραμματείον) και τους χορηγούνταν ένα δόρυ και μια ασπίδα. Η τελετή αυτή συχνά συνδυάζονταν με θεατρικές εκδηλώσεις. Κατόπιν, ένοπλοι ανέβαιναν στην Ακρόπολη και κρατώντας ασπίδα έδιναν στο ιερό της Αγραύλου τον όρκο των Αθηναίων εφήβων. Ο όρκος διασώζεται από τον ρήτορα Λυκούργο και αναφέρεται από τον Δημοσθένη και τον Αριστοτέλη. Λέγεται μάλιστα πως ο όρκος γράφτηκε από τον ίδιο τον Σόλωνα, νομοθέτη των Αθηναίων. (el)
- The ephebic oath was an oath sworn by young men of Classical Athens, typically eighteen-year-old sons of Athenian citizens, upon induction into the military academy, the Ephebic College, graduation from which was required to attain status as citizens. The applicant would have been dressed in full armour, shield and spear in his left hand, his right hand raised and touching the right hand of the moderator. The oath was quoted by the Attic orator Lycurgus, in his work Against Leocrates (4th century BC), though it is certainly archaic (5th century BC). The Ephebate, an organization for training the young men of Athens, chiefly in military matters, had existed since the 5th century but was reorganized by Lycurgus. The oath was taken in the temple of Aglaurus, daughter of Cecrops, probably at t (en)
- El juramento de los efebos era un juramento hecho por hombres jóvenes (efebos) en la Atenas clásica, normalmente por ciudadanos atenienses de 18 años, al ingresar a al entrenamiento militar, requisito para obtener el estatus de ciudadanos. El solicitante estaba vestido con armadura completa, escudo y lanza en su mano izquierda, su mano derecha levantada y tocando la mano derecha del moderador. El juramento fue citado por el orador ático Licurgo de Atenas, en su obra Contra Leócrates (siglo IV a. C.), aunque el estilo que usa es elarcaico (siglo V a. C.). El Ephebato era una organización que entrenaba a los jóvenes de Atenas, principalmente en asuntos militares, existía desde el siglo V pero fue reorganizada por Licurgo de Atenas. El juramento se realizaba en el templo de Aglauro, hij (es)
- Il giuramento efebico era un giuramento prestato da giovani uomini dell'Atene classica, tipicamente figli diciottenni di cittadini ateniesi, dopo l'ingresso nell'accademia militare, il Collegio Efebico, laurea che era richiesta per ottenere lo status di cittadini. Il richiedente sarebbe stato vestito con armatura completa, scudo e lancia nella mano sinistra, la mano destra alzata e toccante la mano destra del moderatore. Il giuramento è citato dall'oratore attico Licurgo, nella sua opera Contro Leocrate (IV secolo a.C.), sebbene sia certamente arcaico (V secolo a.C.). L'Efebate, un'organizzazione per l'addestramento dei giovani di Atene, principalmente in materia militare, esisteva dal V secolo a.C. ma fu riorganizzata da Licurgo. Il giuramento veniva prestato nel tempio di Aglauro, figlia (it)
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- Όρκος των Αθηναίων Εφήβων (el)
- Juramento de los efebos (es)
- Ephebic oath (en)
- Giuramento efebico (it)
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