The English noun commonwealth dates from the fifteenth century. The original phrase "common-wealth" or "the common weal" comes from the old meaning of "wealth," which is "well-being". The term literally meant "common well-being". Thus commonwealth originally meant a state or nation-state governed for the common good as opposed to an authoritarian state governed for the benefit of a given class of owners.

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  • The English noun commonwealth dates from the fifteenth century. The original phrase "common-wealth" or "the common weal" comes from the old meaning of "wealth," which is "well-being". The term literally meant "common well-being". Thus commonwealth originally meant a state or nation-state governed for the common good as opposed to an authoritarian state governed for the benefit of a given class of owners. The word was a calque on the Latin phrase res publica meaning "public affairs" or "the state", from which the English word republic arises. Today the term is more general and means a political community. The type of community indicated by the term commonwealth varies. For instance, in different contexts it might indicate: *a political unit founded in law by agreement of the people for the common good; *a federated union of constituent states; *a community of sovereign states; *a republic; *a democratic constitutional monarchy; When capitalized, "Commonwealth" normally refers to the 53 member Commonwealth of Nations — formerly the "British Commonwealth" — a loose confederation of nations formerly members of the British Empire (with one exception: Mozambique, which was a Portuguese possession). The Commonwealth's membership includes both republics and monarchies and the (appointed, not hereditary) head of the Commonwealth of Nations is Queen Elizabeth II. She also reigns as monarch directly in a number of states, known as Commonwealth Realms, notably the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, Jamaica and New Zealand. The Commonwealth of Nations is sometimes referred to as the New Commonwealth in a British context. (en)
  • Il sostantivo inglese commonwealth risale al XV secolo. La frase originale common wealth o the common weal viene dal vecchio significato di wealth che è "benessere" . Il termine letteralmente significa "benessere comune". Perciò in origine commonwealth indicava uno stato governato per il bene comune in opposizione ad uno stato autoritario, governato per il beneficio di una data classe di proprietari includendovi anche i despoti. Attualmente il termine ha un significato più generale ed indica una comunità politica. In italiano il termine inglese è conservato per indicare una serie di organizzazioni internazionali, nazionali o subnazionali che lo usano nella propria denominazione ufficiale. Tra queste vi sono: * unioni federate per costituire Stati; * unioni di Stati sovrani; * repubbliche; * monarchie democratiche costituzionali. (it)
  • コモンウェルス(英語:commonwealth)は、所定の権利者が利益を得る独裁的な関係を排除し、お互いの利益のため連合する国家や国民国家が原義。今日ではより一般的に、連邦・緩やかな同盟関係・共和国等のさまざまな政治上の集合体を称して使われる多義的な概念である。概念の成立は15世紀ごろで、語源の"common-wealth"や"the common weal"は"wealth(富)"の古い意味である「繁栄」からとられており、字義的には「共栄」を意味する。 コモンウェルスと呼ばれる集まりはいくつか種類があり、文脈によってそれぞれ異なる意味で解釈される。「コモンウェルスそのもの」を指す包括的な訳語は存在せず、日本語に訳される場合は個々の文脈に沿った訳語が当てられたり、コモンウェルスの表現を省略したりして表現されることが多い。以下にいくつか例を挙げる。 *人々の同意を経て、共栄のため、法律に沿って作られる政治上の連合(マサチューセッツ州など 表現は省略) *州政府・国家(state)の連邦(オーストラリア連邦など) *独立国家の集まり(イギリス連邦、独立国家共同体など) *共和国(イングランド共和国など) *民主的立憲君主国 固有名として"Commonwealth(先頭は大文字)"と綴られる場合、通常は53国が加盟するイギリス連邦のことを指す。これは、イギリスとその植民地であった独立した主権国家(例外として、以前はポルトガルの植民地であったモザンビークも加盟している)からなる、緩やかな連合である。イギリス連邦の加盟国には共和国も君主国も含まれており、元首はエリザベス2世(世襲ではなく任命による)。エリザベス2世は多くのイギリス連邦加盟国の元首も兼ねており、これらの国は英連邦王国と呼ばれ、イギリス・オーストラリア・カナダ・ジャマイカ・ニュージーランドなどが含まれる。イギリス連邦(The Commonwealth of Nations)は、イギリス国内ではNew Commonwealthと呼ばれることもある。 (ja)
  • Samvelde kan være betegnelse på en nasjon, stat, delstat, republikk, føderasjon eller konføderasjon. Ordet «samvelde» kommer fra det engelske commonwealth (egentlig common wealth eller common weal). Commonwealth er et oversettelseslån fra latin res publica, som er blitt til ordet republikk. Betegnelsen benyttes idag om Samveldet av nasjoner (tidl. Det britiske samveldet) og Samveldet av uavhengige stater. I tillegg benyttes det engelske ordet commonwealth som offisiell betegnelse på Australia, Bahamas, Dominica, Puerto Rico, Nord-Marianene, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania og Virginia. (no)
  • Statsförbund, en federal stat med svagare centralregering än i en förbundsstat. En annan typ av statsförbund är samvälde, bl.a. använt i termerna Brittiska samväldet och Oberoende staters samvälde (OSS). Australien är ett statsförbund (det är också en konstitutionell monarki). Förbundsrepublik är på engelska Union, medan statsförbundet beskrivs med ordet Commonwealth. (sv)
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  • Commonwealth (en)
  • commonwealth (en)
rdfs:comment
  • The English noun commonwealth dates from the fifteenth century. The original phrase "common-wealth" or "the common weal" comes from the old meaning of "wealth," which is "well-being". The term literally meant "common well-being". Thus commonwealth originally meant a state or nation-state governed for the common good as opposed to an authoritarian state governed for the benefit of a given class of owners. (en)
  • Il sostantivo inglese commonwealth risale al XV secolo. La frase originale common wealth o the common weal viene dal vecchio significato di wealth che è "benessere" . Il termine letteralmente significa "benessere comune". Perciò in origine commonwealth indicava uno stato governato per il bene comune in opposizione ad uno stato autoritario, governato per il beneficio di una data classe di proprietari includendovi anche i despoti. (it)
  • コモンウェルス(英語:commonwealth)は、所定の権利者が利益を得る独裁的な関係を排除し、お互いの利益のため連合する国家や国民国家が原義。今日ではより一般的に、連邦・緩やかな同盟関係・共和国等のさまざまな政治上の集合体を称して使われる多義的な概念である。概念の成立は15世紀ごろで、語源の"common-wealth"や"the common weal"は"wealth(富)"の古い意味である「繁栄」からとられており、字義的には「共栄」を意味する。 (ja)
  • Samvelde kan være betegnelse på en nasjon, stat, delstat, republikk, føderasjon eller konføderasjon. (no)
  • Statsförbund, en federal stat med svagare centralregering än i en förbundsstat. (sv)
rdfs:label
  • Commonwealth (en)
  • Commonwealth (it)
  • コモンウェルス (ja)
  • Samvelde (no)
  • Statsförbund (sv)
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