| p:abstract
| - The client-server software architecture model distinguishes client systems from server systems, which communicate over a computer network. A client-server application is a distributed system comprising of both client and server software. A client software process may initiate a communication session, while the server waits for requests from any client. Client/server describes the relationship between two computer programs in which one program, the client, makes a service request from another program, the server. Standard networked functions such as email exchange, web access and database access, are based on the client/server model. For example, a web browser is a client program at the user computer that may access information at any web server in the world. To check your bank account from your computer, a web browser client program in your computer forwards your request to a web server program at the bank. That program may in turn forward the request to its own database client program that sends a request to a database server at another bank computer to retrieve your account balance. The balance is returned back to the bank database client, which in turn serves it back to the web browser client in your personal computer, which displays the information for you. The client/server model has become one of the central ideas of network computing. Most business applications being written today use the client/server model. So do the Internet's main application protocols, such as HTTP, SMTP, Telnet, DNS, etc. In marketing, the term has been used to distinguish distributed computing by smaller dispersed computers from the "monolithic" centralized computing of mainframe computers. But this distinction has largely disappeared as mainframes and their applications have also turned to the client/server model and become part of network computing. Each instance of the client software can send data requests to one or more connected servers. In turn, the servers can accept these requests, process them, and return the requested information to the client. Although this concept can be applied for a variety of reasons to many different kinds of applications, the architecture remains fundamentally the same. The most basic type of client-server architecture employs only two types of hosts: clients and servers. This type of architecture is sometimes referred to as two-tier. It allows devices to share files and resources. These days, clients are most often web browsers, although that has not always been the case. Servers typically include web servers, database servers and mail servers. Online gaming is usually client-server too. In the specific case of MMORPG, the servers are typically operated by the company selling the game; for other games one of the players will act as the host by setting his game in server mode. The interaction between client and server is often described using sequence diagrams. Sequence diagrams are standardized in the Unified Modeling Language. When both the client- and server-software are running on the same computer, this is called a single seat setup. (en)
- Клиент-сервер (англ. Client-server) — сетевая архитектура, в которой устройства являются либо клиентами, либо серверами. Клиентом является запрашивающая машина, сервером — машина, которая отвечает на запрос. Оба термина могут применяться как к физическим устройствам, так и к программному обеспечению. Сеть с выделенным сервером — это локальная вычислительная сеть, в которой сетевые устройства централизованы и управляются одним или несколькими серверами. Индивидуальные рабочие станции или клиенты должны обращаться к ресурсам сети через сервер. Категория:Компьютерные сети Категория:Информационные технологии (ru)
- Klient–server är en mjukvaruarkitektur som kännetecknas av att olika programvarukomponenter kommunicerar via ett tydligt gränssnitt där den ena komponenten uttryckligen begär tjänster av den andra. Klient–server-lösningar är speciellt vanliga då program skall kommunicera över datornätverk, men används även internt i en och samma dator. (sv)
- Esta arquitectura consiste básicamente en que un programa -el cliente- realiza peticiones a otro programa -el servidor- que le da respuesta. Aunque esta idea se puede aplicar a programas que se ejecutan sobre una sola computadora es más ventajosa en un sistema operativo multiusuario distribuido a través de una red de computadoras. En esta arquitectura la capacidad de proceso está repartida entre los clientes y los servidores, aunque son más importantes las ventajas de tipo organizativo debidas a la centralización de la gestión de la información y la separación de responsabilidades, lo que facilita y clarifica el diseño del sistema. La separación entre cliente y servidor es una separación de tipo lógico, donde el servidor no se ejecuta necesariamente sobre una sola máquina ni es necesariamente un sólo programa. Los tipos específicos de servidores incluyen los servidores web, los servidores de archivo, los servidores del correo, etc. Mientras que sus propósitos varían de unos servicios a otros, la arquitectura básica seguirá siendo la misma. Una disposición muy común son los sistemas multicapa en los que el servidor se descompone en diferentes programas que pueden ser ejecutados por diferentes computadoras aumentando así el grado de distribución del sistema. La arquitectura cliente-servidor sustituye a la arquitectura monolítica en la que no hay distribución, tanto a nivel físico como a nivel lógico. (es)
- Un'applicazione client-server (letteralmente cliente-servente) è un tipo di applicazione di rete nel quale un computer client istanzia l'interfaccia utente di un'applicazione connettendosi ad una server application o ad un sistema di database. Più semplicemente, i sistemi client/server sono un'evoluzione dei sistemi basati sulla condivisione semplice delle risorse. La presenza di un server permette ad un certo numero di client di condividerne le risorse, lasciando che sia il server a gestire gli accessi alle risorse per evitare conflitti tipici dei primi sistemi informatici. Un sistema client/server non è altro che la trasposizione informatica dei sistemi convenzionali. (it)
- Cliente-servidor é um modelo computacional que separa clientes e servidores, sendo interligados entre si geralmente utilizando-se uma rede de computadores. Cada instância de um cliente pode enviar requisições de dado para algum dos servidores conectados e esperar pela resposta. Por sua vez, algum dos servidores disponíveis pode aceitar tais requisições, processá-las e retornar o resultado para o cliente. Apesar do conceito ser aplicado em diversos usos e aplicações, a arquitetura é praticamente a mesma. (pt)
- 客户端-服务器（Client/Server）结构，简称C/S结构，是一种软件系统体系结构，由美国Borland公司最早研发，目前最流行的两大主流软件体系结构之一，另一个是美国微软公司研发的浏览器-服务器（Browser/Server，B/S）结构。服务器端一般使用高性能的计算机，并配合Oracle、Sybase等大型数据库；客户端需要安装专门的软件。在这种结构下，可以在服务器和客户端平衡服务处理量，但因为客户端安装了专门的软件，对平台有一定限制要求，安装和维护的工作量大。 (zh)
- Das Client-Server-Modell beschreibt eine Möglichkeit, Aufgaben und Dienstleistungen innerhalb eines Netzwerkes zu verteilen. Die Aufgaben werden von Programmen erledigt, die in Clients und Server unterteilt werden. Der Client kann auf Wunsch eine Aufgabe vom Server anfordern . Der Server, der sich auf einem beliebigen anderen Rechner im Netzwerk befindet, beantwortet die Anforderung (d. h. er stellt im Beispiel das Betriebsmittel bereit). (de)
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