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Charles Villiers Stanford, född 30 september 1852 i Dublin, Irland, död 29 mars 1924 i London, Storbritannien, var en irländsk-brittisk tonsättare. Lärare till bland andra Gerald Finzi och Frank Bridge."
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Entrambi i genitori erano musicisti amatori; suo padre cantava con registro di basso e sua madre era pianista. Charles studiò con R.M. Levey (violino), Miss Meeke, Mrs Joseph Robinson, Miss Flynn and Michael Quarry (pianoforte); e Sir Robert Stewart gli diede lezioni di composizione ed organo. La sua precocità è attestata in un articolo del Musical Times.
Nel 1862 venne a Londra come allievo di Arthur O'Leary ed Ernst Pauer, e nel 1870 vinse una borsa di studio per il Queens' College a Cambridge, dal quale passò poi nel 1873 al Trinity College dove succedette a J.L. Hopkins come organista del college, posto che tenne fino al 1892. La sua promozione a direttore della Cambridge University Musical Society gli aprì ampie prospettive, e la fama che la società ottenne presto corroborò le energie che Stanford vi impiegava."
(it)
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Sir Charles Villiers Stanford est un compositeur irlandais, né le 30 septembre 1852 à Dublin et décédé le 29 mars 1924 à Londres"
(fr)
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Sir Charles Villiers Stanford (* 30. September 1852 in Dublin; † 29. März 1924 in London, England) war ein irischer Komponist.
Charles Villiers Stanford wurde als Sohn eines wohlhabenden irischen Anwalts in Dublin geboren. Seine Familie war ausgesprochen musikalisch: Der Vater betätigte sich als Sänger, die Mutter als Pianistin. In diesem Umfeld wurde Stanfords außergewöhnliches Talent schnell erkannt und gefördert. Als Kind lernte er Klavier und Orgel bei bekannten Lehrern in Dublin, bei einer Reise der Familie nach London im Jahr 1864 knüpfte Stanford bereits Kontakte zu dortigen Komponisten und Musikern wie Sir Arthur Sullivan.
Stanford studierte seit 1870 am Queens’ College in Cambridge, von 1874 bis 1876 bei Carl Reinecke in Hamburg und Friedrich Kiel in Berlin. Von 1883 an lehrte er am Royal College of Music in London Komposition, ab 1887 war er Professor für Musik an der Universität Cambridge.
Gemeinsam mit Hubert Parry und Edward Elgar trug Stanford gegen Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts entscheidend zur Erneuerung der englischen Musik bei. Stanford galt dabei als strenger Lehrer, der gegenüber seinen Studenten unnachgiebig auf Einhaltung kompositorischer Standards pochte und jede Schlamperei mit einem kurzen "All rot, m'boy" ("Alles Krampf, mein Junge") zu quittieren pflegte - vgl. dazu Michael Kennedy, The Works of Ralph Vaughan Williams. Sein explosives Temperament brachte ihn auch immer wieder in Konflikt mit der Verwaltung der Universität, und auch einige seiner Schüler distanzierten sich später von ihm.
Bis zu seinem Tod am 29. März 1924 blieb Stanford Professor für Komposition in Cambridge und London. Wie viele bedeutende englische Musiker wurde er in der Westminster Abbey beerdigt. Seine Grabplatte trägt die Aufschrift "A great musician".
Obwohl sein eigenes kompositorisches Schaffen sehr umfangreich ist, werden heutzutage nur noch wenige seiner Werke aufgeführt. Gerade seine über 30 Chorwerke jedoch, darunter das prachtvolle Requiem, op.63 (1897), erfreuen sich nach wie vor einer gewissen Beliebtheit. Ende der 1980er Jahre nahm die britische Schallplattenfirma Chandos mit dem Ulster Orchestra unter Leitung von Vernon Handley alle Symphonien und zahlreiche weitere Orchesterwerke für Compact Disc auf. Seit Anfang des dritten Jahrtausends spielt das irische RTÉ Vanbrugh Quartet für Hyperion Stanfords Kammermusik ein.
In ihrer Zeit äußerst populär waren Stanfords "Seestücke" - die Ballade The Revenge - A Ballad of the Fleet, op.24 nach Alfred Lord Tennyson und die Vokalzyklen Songs of the Sea, op.91 bzw. Songs of the Fleet, op.117.
Manche seiner Kompositionen zeigen starke Anklänge an die Musik Johannes Brahms', gelegentlich auch an diejenige von Anton Bruckner. Gleichzeitig war er ein Pionier in der direkten Verwendung irischer Volkslieder in seinen sechs Irischen Rhapsodien und der 3. Sinfonie, die auch den Untertitel "Irish" trägt."
(de)
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Sir Charles Villiers Stanford (Dublin, 30 september 1852 – Londen, 29 maart 1924) was een in Ierland geboren en opgegroeide componist die echter in Engeland werkte en faam verwierf."
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Sir Charles Villiers Stanford (September 30, 1852 – March 29, 1924) was an Irish composer.
Stanford was born in Dublin, the only son of John Stanford, examiner in the Court of Chancery (Dublin) and clerk of the Crown, County Meath. Both parents were accomplished amateur musicians; his father sang bass (and was also a cellist ) and his mother was a pianist. Charles trained under R. M. Levey (violin), Miss Meeke, Mrs Joseph Robinson, Miss Flynn and Michael Quarry (piano); and Sir Robert Stewart taught him composition and organ. His precocious ability was recorded in an article in The Musical Times in December 1898.
He came to London as a pupil of Arthur O'Leary and Ernst Pauer in 1862, and in 1870 won a scholarship to Queens' College, Cambridge, moving to Trinity College in 1873, and succeeding J. L. Hopkins as college organist, a post he held until 1892. His appointment as conductor of the Cambridge University Musical Society gave him great opportunities, and the fame which the society soon obtained was in the main due to Stanford's energies.
During his tenure many interesting performances and revivals took place. From 1874 to 1877 he was given leave of absence for part of each year to complete his studies in Germany, where he studied with Carl Reinecke and Friedrich Kiel. He took his BA degree in 1874 and MA in 1878, and was given the honorary degree of D.Mus. at Oxford in 1883 and at Cambridge in 1888.
He first became known as a composer with his incidental music to Tennyson's Queen Mary (Lyceum, 1876); and in 1881 his first opera, The Veiled Prophet, was given at Hanover (revived at Covent Garden, 1893); this was succeeded by Savonarola (Hamburg, April, and Covent Garden, July 1884), and The Canterbury Pilgrims (Drury Lane, 1884). A long interval separates these from his later operas: Shamus O'Brien, a delightful piece of Irish dramatic writing (Opera Comique, 1896) Much Ado About Nothing (Covent Garden, 1901), The Critic (Shaftesbury Theatre, London, 1916), and The Travelling Companion (David Lewis Theatre, Liverpool, 1925).
He was appointed professor of composition at the Royal College of Music in 1883; was conductor of the Bach Choir from 1886 to 1902; was professor of music at Cambridge, succeeding Sir G. A. Macfarren from 1887; conductor of the Leeds Philharmonic Society from 1897 to 1909, and of the Leeds Festival from 1901 to 1910. He was knighted in 1902.
Stanford was particularly known in his day for his choral works, chiefly commissioned for performances at the great English provincial festivals. These include two oratorios, a requiem (1897), a Stabat Mater (1907), and many secular works, often with a nautical theme, including The Revenge (1886), The Voyage of Maeldune (1889), Songs of the Sea (1904), and Songs of the Fleet (1910). His church music still holds a central place among Anglican compositions; and his editions of Irish and other traditional songs were well known.
(en)
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Sir Charles Villiers Stanford (September 30, 1852 – March 29, 1924) was an Irish composer.
Stanford was born in Dublin, the only son of John Stanford, examiner in the Court of Chancery (Dublin) and clerk of the Crown, County Meath. Both parents were accomplished amateur musicians; his father sang bass (and was also a cellist ) and his mother was a pianist. Charles trained under R. M. Levey (violin), Miss Meeke, Mrs Joseph Robinson, Miss Flynn and Michael Quarry (piano); and Sir Robert Stewart taught him composition and organ. His precocious ability was recorded in an article in The Musical Times in December 1898.
He came to London as a pupil of Arthur O'Leary and Ernst Pauer in 1862, and in 1870 won a scholarship to Queens' College, Cambridge, moving to Trinity College in 1873, and succeeding J. L. Hopkins as college organist, a post he held until 1892. His appointment as conductor of the Cambridge University Musical Society gave him great opportunities, and the fame which the society soon obtained was in the main due to Stanford's energies.
During his tenure many interesting performances and revivals took place. From 1874 to 1877 he was given leave of absence for part of each year to complete his studies in Germany, where he studied with Carl Reinecke and Friedrich Kiel. He took his BA degree in 1874 and MA in 1878, and was given the honorary degree of D.Mus. at Oxford in 1883 and at Cambridge in 1888.
He first became known as a composer with his incidental music to Tennyson's Queen Mary (Lyceum, 1876); and in 1881 his first opera, The Veiled Prophet, was given at Hanover (revived at Covent Garden, 1893); this was succeeded by Savonarola (Hamburg, April, and Covent Garden, July 1884), and The Canterbury Pilgrims (Drury Lane, 1884). A long interval separates these from his later operas: Shamus O'Brien, a delightful piece of Irish dramatic writing (Opera Comique, 1896) Much Ado About Nothing (Covent Garden, 1901), The Critic (Shaftesbury Theatre, London, 1916), and The Travelling Companion (David Lewis Theatre, Liverpool, 1925).
He was appointed professor of composition at the Royal College of Music in 1883; was conductor of the Bach Choir from 1886 to 1902; was professor of music at Cambridge, succeeding Sir G. A. Macfarren from 1887; conductor of the Leeds Philharmonic Society from 1897 to 1909, and of the Leeds Festival from 1901 to 1910. He was knighted in 1902.
Stanford was particularly known in his day for his choral works, chiefly commissioned for performances at the great English provincial festivals. These include two oratorios, a requiem (1897), a Stabat Mater (1907), and many secular works, often with a nautical theme, including The Revenge (1886), The Voyage of Maeldune (1889), Songs of the Sea (1904), and Songs of the Fleet (1910). His church music still holds a central place among Anglican compositions; and his editions of Irish and other traditional songs were well known."
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サー・チャールズ・ヴィリアーズ・スタンフォード（Sir Charles Villiers Stanford, 1852年9月30日 - 1924年3月29日）は、イギリスで活動した、プロテスタントのアイルランド人作曲家である。生涯に7つの交響曲を遺した他、アイルランドの民俗音楽を取り入れた楽曲も書いており、6つの『アイルランド狂詩曲』（Irish Rhapsody）は、その代表的な作品である。多岐に渡る分野において多くの曲を書いており、作品番号の総数は190を超える。器楽曲において作風は概ねブラームスに似る。宗教曲を中心とした声楽曲はパーセルやメンデルスゾーンを模範としているが、和声や転調に工夫が見られ、再評価されつつある。ブラームスやサン＝サーンスなどの作曲家と親交があった。
ダブリンに生まれ育ち、ドイツに留学し作曲を学んだ。ロンドンの王立音楽大学にて、その1883年の開設以降、没するまでパリーと共に教授を務め、ホルストやヴォーン・ウィリアムズ、フランク・ブリッジ、レベッカ・クラーク、アーサー・ベンジャミンらを育成した。
1902年にはイギリス王室によってその功績が認められ、勲爵士に叙されている。"
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