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- Bushnell's Law or Nolan's Law is an aphorism often attributed to Atari founder Nolan Bushnell, on the subject of video game design: All the best games are easy to learn and difficult to master. They should reward the first quarter and the hundredth. Bushnell came up with the concept based on his experience with his first game Computer Space in 1971. Its controls were based on four otherwise equivalent-looking buttons but with different functions, and Bushnell found that this had confused players that were trying to learn the game due to their lack of familiarity with these types of controls. Bushnell kept this in mind in designing their future games, such as in Pong and Asteroids, to keep the controls simple and easy to grasp while maintaining a challenging gameplay. The concept is also similar to a philosophy developed by George Parker, the founder of board game publisher Parker Brothers. Parker had said that "Each game must have an exciting, relevant theme and be easy enough for most people to understand. Finally, each game should be so sturdy that it could be played time and again, without wearing out." This principle is also referred to with the sentence "easy to learn, hard [or almost impossible] to master", which has been adopted by Blizzard Entertainment as a motto and design principle. (en)
- La loi de Bushnell ou loi de Nolan est un aphorisme de Nolan Bushnell à propos du jeu vidéo : « All the best games are easy to learn and difficult to master. They should reward the first quarter and the hundredth. » — Nolan Bushnell « Les meilleurs jeux sont ceux qui sont faciles à appréhender mais difficile à maîtriser. Un tel jeu sait récompenser aussi bien les débutants complets que les experts. » Ce principe de game design est souvent repris par la formule « facile à apprendre, difficile [presque impossible] à maîtriser », une vision que certains développeurs et studios ont adopté comme principe fondateur (par exemple, Blizzard Entertainment). Le concepteur et critique de jeu vidéo Ian Bogost a produit un argumentaire par lequel il enjoint à dépasser ce principe, qui serait selon lui plus fondamentalement lié à un phénomène addictif que de récompense, et ne serait par conséquent ni valorisant ni porteur d'innovation. (fr)
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- Bushnell's Law or Nolan's Law is an aphorism often attributed to Atari founder Nolan Bushnell, on the subject of video game design: All the best games are easy to learn and difficult to master. They should reward the first quarter and the hundredth. This principle is also referred to with the sentence "easy to learn, hard [or almost impossible] to master", which has been adopted by Blizzard Entertainment as a motto and design principle. (en)
- La loi de Bushnell ou loi de Nolan est un aphorisme de Nolan Bushnell à propos du jeu vidéo : « All the best games are easy to learn and difficult to master. They should reward the first quarter and the hundredth. » — Nolan Bushnell « Les meilleurs jeux sont ceux qui sont faciles à appréhender mais difficile à maîtriser. Un tel jeu sait récompenser aussi bien les débutants complets que les experts. » (fr)
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- Bushnell's Law (en)
- Loi de Bushnell (fr)
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