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- Buena Vista is an 8 hectare (20 acre) archaeological site located in Peru about 25 miles inland in the Chillon River Valley and an hour's drive north of Lima, the capital. It is in the Santa Rosa de Quives District, Canta Province, in the foothills of the Andes. The site was first excavated by Frederic Engel (1987). He obtained radiocarbon dates of artifacts that pertained to the Early Preceramic Period (9700 ± 200 uncalibrated radiocarbon years before present), and to the Early Intermediate Period (1960 ± 80 uncalibrated radiocarbon years before present). In June 2004, archaeologist Robert Benfer and his team discovered Buena Vista’s most significant feature—the Temple of the Fox. It is named for the mural flanking the temple entrance, which depicts a fox curled up inside a llama. The Temple of the Fox dates back approximately 4200 years to a civilization that occupied the area a few millennia before the Inca. These ancient peoples had no writing system, and their name was not preserved; they are considered a late pre-ceramic culture and are believed to have followed the Kotosh religious tradition. Many archaeologists refer to them as the Andeans. The temple complex measures 33 feet tall and 55 feet long. It is most notable for the astronomical observatory at its top, which is the oldest of its kind in the Americas; it predates records of similar artistic and scientific achievements of the region by 800 years. Large rocks placed on a ridge to the east of the observatory entrance served as a calendar. The most prominent rock marked the summer solstice—on that day each year, from the perspective of the temple, the sun would rise directly over the rock. In the hours just before dawn on the summer solstice, a constellation known as the fox rose between two other large rocks on the same ridge. The temple’s reverence to the fox, apparent in both the entrance mural and its astrological orientation, may provide clues to the purpose of the temple. Among many indigenous peoples of South America, the fox is a symbol of water and cultivation. Benfer hypothesizes that the ancient inhabitants of Buena Vista used the Temple of the Fox to appeal to their gods for good harvests on the summer solstice, which would have been planting time for the civilization. Researchers' discovery of the remains of plants and vegetables inside the temple’s offering chamber has supported this theory. The observatory is further distinguished by its sophisticated carvings, and a three-dimensional life-size sculpture of a musician, unique for a period known in that region for two-dimensional reliefs. The Buena Vista site as a whole includes ruins ranging in age from 10,000 years to fewer than 3,000 years ago. Besides the temple, the site encompasses a ceremonial center, stepped pyramids, and residences for the elites and for commoners. These buildings are from varying time periods, many of which were built later than the heyday of the temple. Most of these structures have been looted. The Temple of the Fox narrowly escaped looting as it was buried beneath several layers of earth. (en)
- Buena Vista es un sitio arqueológico de 8 hectáreas (20 acres) ubicado en Perú, a unas 25 millas tierra adentro en el valle del río Chillón y a una hora en automóvil al norte de la ciudad de Lima, la capital del país. Políticamente se encuentra en el distrito de Santa Rosa de Quives, provincia de Canta, dentro del departamento de Lima, en la precordillera de los Andes. El sitio fue excavado por primera vez por Frederic Engel (1987). Obtuvo fechas de radiocarbono de artefactos que pertenecían al Período Precerámico Temprano (9700 ± 200 años de radiocarbono sin calibrar antes del presente) y al Período Intermedio Temprano (1960 ± 80 años de radiocarbono sin calibrar antes del presente). (es)
- Buena Vista est un site archéologique de 8 ha situé au Pérou à environ 40 km à l'intérieur des terres dans la vallée du fleuve Río Chillón et à une heure de route au nord de Lima. Buena Vista est proche du village de Carabayllo au pied des Andes, dans le district de Santa Rosa de Quives, un district de la province de Canta, l'une des neuf province du département de Lima. (fr)
- Buena Vista é um sítio arqueológico do Peru com cerca de 8 hectares localizado a aproximadamente 40 quilometros dentro do vale do Rio de Chillon. Está localizada no distrito de Santa Rosa de Quives , província de Canta, na Região de Lima, no sopé dos Andes . (pt)
- Буэна-Виста (исп. Buena Vista) — археологический памятник площадью 8 га в долине реки Чильон к северу от Лимы, столицы Перу. Раскопки впервые провёл (1987). Он датировал памятник радиоуглеродным методом, как существовавший с Андского докерамического периода (около 9700 ± 200 лет, то есть начало 8 тыс. до н. э.) по Ранний промежуточный период (1960 ± 80 лет, или начало н. э.). В 2006 г. археолог из Университета Миссури объявил об открытии обсерватории, датируемой концом 3 тыс. до н. э. (4200 лет до наших дней). Обсерватория получила условное название «Храм Лисы». Она находилась на вершине небольшой пирамиды. Особенности конструкции храма обеспечивают выравнивание определённых маркеров с точками зимнего и летнего солнцестояния. Органические материалы, найденные в храме, датируются около 2200 г. до н. э. Таким образом, Храм Лисы является древнейшей известной обсерваторией в Америке. (ru)
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- Buena Vista est un site archéologique de 8 ha situé au Pérou à environ 40 km à l'intérieur des terres dans la vallée du fleuve Río Chillón et à une heure de route au nord de Lima. Buena Vista est proche du village de Carabayllo au pied des Andes, dans le district de Santa Rosa de Quives, un district de la province de Canta, l'une des neuf province du département de Lima. (fr)
- Buena Vista é um sítio arqueológico do Peru com cerca de 8 hectares localizado a aproximadamente 40 quilometros dentro do vale do Rio de Chillon. Está localizada no distrito de Santa Rosa de Quives , província de Canta, na Região de Lima, no sopé dos Andes . (pt)
- Buena Vista is an 8 hectare (20 acre) archaeological site located in Peru about 25 miles inland in the Chillon River Valley and an hour's drive north of Lima, the capital. It is in the Santa Rosa de Quives District, Canta Province, in the foothills of the Andes. The site was first excavated by Frederic Engel (1987). He obtained radiocarbon dates of artifacts that pertained to the Early Preceramic Period (9700 ± 200 uncalibrated radiocarbon years before present), and to the Early Intermediate Period (1960 ± 80 uncalibrated radiocarbon years before present). (en)
- Buena Vista es un sitio arqueológico de 8 hectáreas (20 acres) ubicado en Perú, a unas 25 millas tierra adentro en el valle del río Chillón y a una hora en automóvil al norte de la ciudad de Lima, la capital del país. Políticamente se encuentra en el distrito de Santa Rosa de Quives, provincia de Canta, dentro del departamento de Lima, en la precordillera de los Andes. (es)
- Буэна-Виста (исп. Buena Vista) — археологический памятник площадью 8 га в долине реки Чильон к северу от Лимы, столицы Перу. Раскопки впервые провёл (1987). Он датировал памятник радиоуглеродным методом, как существовавший с Андского докерамического периода (около 9700 ± 200 лет, то есть начало 8 тыс. до н. э.) по Ранний промежуточный период (1960 ± 80 лет, или начало н. э.). (ru)
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- Buena Vista (sitio arqueológico) (es)
- Buena Vista, Peru (en)
- Buena Vista (Pérou) (fr)
- Buena Vista (Peru) (pt)
- Буэна-Виста (ru)
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