Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol (March 23 1847 – February 27, 1920) was a Romanian scholar, economist, philosopher, historian, professor, sociologist, and author. Among his many major accomplishments, he is credited with being the Romanian historian credited with authoring the first major synthesis of the history of the Romanian people.

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  • Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol (March 23 1847 – February 27, 1920) was a Romanian scholar, economist, philosopher, historian, professor, sociologist, and author. Among his many major accomplishments, he is credited with being the Romanian historian credited with authoring the first major synthesis of the history of the Romanian people. Born in Iaşi, where he graduated high school, he went on to Vienna in 1870 to study law and then to Berlin, where he studied philosophy. In 1868, he made his debut in Convorbiri Literare with a series of studies on Romanian traditions and on Romanian institutions. At first, Xenopol served as a prosecutor in Iaşi, but he later decided to dedicate himself to the study of history. Starting in 1883, he was a professor of universal history at the University of Iaşi. He was named a member of the Romanian Academy in 1895. In his 1899 French-languague "Les Principes fondamentaux de l'histoire", his work most well-known internationally, he argued for history being a true science which followes clearly defined laws and logic, through which the reasons for historical processes could be clearly defined. His six-volume "Istoria românilor din Dacia-Traiană", completed between 1888 and 1893, strongly asserts that the Romanians are of predominantly Roman origin - a position further elaborated by the historian Nicolae Iorga, one of Xenopol's numerous pupils . Though concerning events nearly two millenia in the past, this was far from an abstract historical issue, having very concrete actual political implications - the Roman origin implying that Romanians are inherently different from - and in the minds of some Romanian Nationalists, superior to - their Slavic and Magyar neighors. This, unfortunately, also translated to Xenopol being a noted anti-Semite and collaborator of A. C. Cuza. Though he died before the formation of the Iron Guard, Romania's notorious Fascist party, he is considered to be one of its sources of inspiration - according to the final report of the International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania . (en)
  • Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol (A.D. Xenopol) est un historien et économiste roumain, auteur de plusieurs ouvrages sur la théorie et la philosophie de l'histoire. Il a étudié à Vienne et à Berlin où il s'intéresse au droit et à la philosophie. Il quitte sa carrière de juriste pour se consacrer à l'histoire et enseigne à l'Université Alexandru Ioan Cuza de Iaşi, sa ville d'origine. Il sera nommé membre de l'Académie Roumaine en 1895, il enseignera quelques années au Collège de France. On lui doit l'une des plus importantes synthèses de l'histoire de la Roumanie, de ses institutions et de ses traditions. Proche du courant allemand que Raymond Aron nomme "philosophie critique de l'histoire", Xenopol a contribué à faire connaître en France les principaux protagonistes de cette conception de l'histoire: Wilhelm Dilthey, Georg Simmel, Max Weber, Heinrich Rickert et Wilhelm Windelband. En effet, plusieurs de ses ouvrages ont été traduits en français au tournant du siècle et ont eu une certaine influence chez les historiens français de l'époque comme Henri Berr. Xenopol était un également un antisémite bien connu et un proche collaborateur du théoricien et politicien d'extrême-droite Alexandru. C. Cuza. On le considère comme l'un des inspirateurs du mouvement nationaliste et antisémite Garde de fier "Garde de fer" selon le dernier rapport de la Commission Internationale sur l'Holocauste en Roumanie . Dans le genèse de l'historisme, La théorie de l'histoire de Xenopol reste un ouvrage fondamental que commentront notamment le théologien et sociologue allemand Ernst Troeltsch dans son magnum opus Der Historismus und seine probleme et Raymond Aron dans son Introduction à la philosophie de l'histoire . Les travaux épistémologiques de Xenopol sur l'histoire connaissent aujourd'hui un certain regain d'intérêt dans les recherches portant sur la philosophie de l'histoire et sur la causalité dans les sciences historiques. (fr)
  • Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol (Iaşi, 23 de marzo de 1847 - Bucarest, 27 de febrero de 1920) fue un historiador y economista rumano, elegido miembro de la Academia Rumana en 1895. Es conocido por sus obras en el dominio de la filosofía de la historia y por ser el autor de la primera gran síntesis de la historia del pueblo rumano. Sus padres eran de origen arrumano. (es)
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  • Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol (in Romanian) (en)
  • Autor:Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol (en)
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  • Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol (March 23 1847 – February 27, 1920) was a Romanian scholar, economist, philosopher, historian, professor, sociologist, and author. Among his many major accomplishments, he is credited with being the Romanian historian credited with authoring the first major synthesis of the history of the Romanian people. (en)
  • Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol (A.D. Xenopol) (1847-1920) est un historien et économiste roumain, auteur de plusieurs ouvrages sur la théorie et la philosophie de l'histoire. (fr)
  • Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol (Iaşi, 23 de marzo de 1847 - Bucarest, 27 de febrero de 1920) fue un historiador y economista rumano, elegido miembro de la Academia Rumana en 1895. (es)
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  • Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol (en)
  • Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol (fr)
  • Alexandru D. Xenopol (es)
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