William Ferrel (1817 – 1891), an American meteorologist, developed theories which explained the mid-latitude atmospheric circulation cell in detail, and it is after him that the Ferrel cell is named. He was born in southern Pennsylvania. His family moved to what would become West Virginia in 1829. His formal elementary schooling was limited and he taught himself using science books well enough to become a school teacher.
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- William Ferrel (1817 – 1891), an American meteorologist, developed theories which explained the mid-latitude atmospheric circulation cell in detail, and it is after him that the Ferrel cell is named. He was born in southern Pennsylvania. His family moved to what would become West Virginia in 1829. His formal elementary schooling was limited and he taught himself using science books well enough to become a school teacher. Despite financial difficulties, he was able to graduate from Bethany College's first graduating class in 1844. He would continue teaching in Missouri and Tennessee until 1858. At that point, he took up a full-time position on the staff of The American Ephemeris and Nautical Almanac in Cambridge, Massachusetts. In 1882, Ferrel joined the U.S. Army Signal Service (which would become the Weather Bureau in 1891). He retired in 1887. He died in West Virginia in 1891. Ferrel demonstrated that it is the tendency of rising warm air, as it rotates due to the Coriolis effect, to pull in air from more southerly, warmer regions and transport it poleward. It is this rotation which creates the complex curvatures in the frontal systems separating the cooler Arctic air to the north from the warmer continental tropical air to the south. Ferrel improved upon Hadley's theory by recognizing an until then overlooked mechanism. This is a quote from his first paper: The fourth and last force arises from the combination of a relative east or west motion of the atmosphere with the rotatory motion of the earth. In consequence of the atmosphere's revolving on a common axis with that of the earth, each particle is impressed with a centrifugal force, which, being resolved into a vertical and a horizontal force, the latter causes it to assume a spheroidal form conforming to the figure of the earth. But, if the rotatory motion of any part of the atmosphere is greater than that of the surface of the earth, or, in other words, if any part of the atmosphere has a relative eastern motion with regard to the earth's surface, this force is increased, and if it has a relative western motion, it is diminished, and this difference gives rise to a disturbing force which prevents the atmosphere being in a state of equilibrium, with a figure conforming to that of the earth's surface, but causes an accumulation of the atmosphere at certain latitudes and a depression at others, and the consequent difference in the pressure of the atmosphere at these latitudes very materially influences its motions. Hadley's erroneous reasoning had been in terms of a tendency to conserve linear momentum, as air mass travels from north to south or from south to north. Ferrel recognized that in meteorology and oceanography what needs to be taken into account is a tendency of an air mass that is in motion relative to the earth to conserve the angular momentum (of its angular velocity with respect to the earth's axis).
- William Ferrel war ein US-amerikanischer Meteorologe. Ferrel entwickelte Theorien, die die planetarische Zirkulation erklären und konstruierte eine Maschine zur Vorhersage der Gezeiten.
- ウィリアム・フェレル（William Ferrel、1817年1月29日 - 1891年9月18日）はアメリカ合衆国の気象学者、海洋学者。家が貧しかったので農業に従事するかたわら独学で勉強し、マーシャル大学（）に入学したが学費の理由から退学、後にベサニー大学 に移り1844年に卒業した。合衆国沿岸測量局などに勤務し理論気象学に数々の業績がある。 海洋学方面では潮汐の研究を行い、また独自の検潮器を発明した。
- William Ferrel { 29. januar 1817 – 18. september 1891} var en amerikansk meteorolog som utviklet teorier som forklarte den atmosfæriske sirkulasjonen på midlere breddegrader i detalj. På grunnlag av dette har sirkulasjonsystemet på midlere bredder blitt oppkalt etter ham. Ferrel viste at det er stigende varm luft på disse breddegradene. Denne luften roterer på grunn av corioliskraften, og drar dermed luft fra varmere områder mot polene. Det er denne rotasjonen som danner de komplekse kurvene i frontsystemene som skiller den kalde polarluften fra den varmere kontinentale og tropiske luften.
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- William Ferrel (1817 – 1891), an American meteorologist, developed theories which explained the mid-latitude atmospheric circulation cell in detail, and it is after him that the Ferrel cell is named. He was born in southern Pennsylvania. His family moved to what would become West Virginia in 1829. His formal elementary schooling was limited and he taught himself using science books well enough to become a school teacher.
- William Ferrel war ein US-amerikanischer Meteorologe. Ferrel entwickelte Theorien, die die planetarische Zirkulation erklären und konstruierte eine Maschine zur Vorhersage der Gezeiten.
- William Ferrel { 29. januar 1817 – 18. september 1891} var en amerikansk meteorolog som utviklet teorier som forklarte den atmosfæriske sirkulasjonen på midlere breddegrader i detalj. På grunnlag av dette har sirkulasjonsystemet på midlere bredder blitt oppkalt etter ham. Ferrel viste at det er stigende varm luft på disse breddegradene. Denne luften roterer på grunn av corioliskraften, og drar dermed luft fra varmere områder mot polene.
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- William Ferrel
- William Ferrel
- ウィリアム・フェレル
- William Ferrel
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