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- L'Alemanya Occidental o de l'Oest, en alemany Westdeutschland o West-Deutschland, coneguda també com a República Federal d'Alemanya (RFA) era un país de l'Europa central que formava part de la Unió Europea (UE). Limitava al nord amb la mar del Nord, Dinamarca i la mar Bàltica; a l'est amb la República Democràtica Alemanya i Txecoslovàquia; al sud amb Àustria i Suïssa, i a l'oest amb França, Luxemburg, Bèlgica i els Països Baixos. Va ser proclamada el 23 de maig de 1949, amb Bonn com a capital, i incloïa les zones d'ocupació britànica, nord-americana i francesa un cop acabada la Segona Guerra Mundial. El 12 de setembre de 1990, segons el tractat per totes dues parts es restablí oficialment la sobirania i unió de la RDA i la RFA per formar l'actual estat d'Alemanya. L'Alemanya Occidental va ser declarada estat sobirà 5 de maig de 1955, tot i que les antigues potències ocupants hi van mantenir tropes, igual com l'exèrcit soviètic es va mantenir a l'Alemanya Oriental. L'RFA es va integrar a l'OTAN el 9 de maig de 1955 i va esdevenir un dels focus principals de la Guerra Freda pel seu veïnatge amb l'RDA, que va esdevenir membre del Pacte de Varsòvia, creat arran de la fundació de l'organització militar occidental. L'antiga capital alemanya, Berlín, també fou dividida en el Berlín Est i el Berlín Oest, però la part occidental va quedar completament envoltada per l'Alemanya Oriental. Konrad Adenauer en fou canceller des dels inicis fins 1963; durant el seu mandat, la RFA va ser membre cofundador de les comunitats europees. Dirigida des de 1969 pel socialdemòcrata Willy Brandt, s'inicià un procés d'acostament cap la RDA. El 1983 fou elegit canceller Helmut Kohl, que aconseguiria la reunificació amb l'Alemanya oriental. Després de la caiguda del mur de Berlín el 9 de novembre de 1989, es va dur a terme ràpidament la unificació de les dues Alemanyes: formalment, l'estat alemany occidental creixia amb l'annexió de la part oriental i avui es coneix simplement com a Alemanya. La reunificació va tenir lloc el 3 d'octubre de 1990 i les quatre potències ocupants van abandonar el país oficialment el 15 de març de 1991. L'exèrcit nord-americà, això no obstant, hi va mantenir bases militars, com ara Ramstein, Baumholder i Grafenwöhr.
- Západní Německo je historické a neoficiální označení území Spolkové republiky Německo v rozmezí let 1949 až 1990 před připojením území Německé demokratické republiky a Západního Berlína. Rozloha země činila 248 577 km, počet obyvatel pak 63 254 000 (odhad z roku 1990). Hlavním městem západoněmeckého státu byl Bonn a jeho součástí byly německé spolkové země.
- West Germany is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG in the period between its creation in May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990. During this period, West Germany and the communist East Germany were divided by the Inner German border. After 1961, West Berlin was physically separated from East Berlin as well as from East Germany by the Berlin Wall. This situation ended when East Germany was dissolved and its five states joined the ten states of the Federal Republic of Germany along with the reunified city-state of Berlin. The enlarged Federal Republic of Germany with sixteen states (known simply as "Germany") is thus the continuation of the pre-1990 Federal Republic of Germany. The Federal Republic of Germany was established from eleven states formed in the three Allied Zones of occupation held by the United States, the United Kingdom and France (the "Western Zones"). The city of Bonn was its provisional capital city. The fourth Allied occupation zone (the East Zone, or Ostzone) was held by the Soviet Union. The parts of this zone lying east of the Oder-Neisse were in fact annexed by the Soviet Union and communist Poland; the remaining central part around Berlin became the communist German Democratic Republic (abbreviated GDR; in German Deutsche Demokratische Republik or DDR) with its de facto capital in East Berlin. As a result, West Germany had a territory about half the size of the interwar democratic Weimar Republic. At the onset of the Cold War, Germany (and, indeed, Europe) was divided among the Western and Eastern blocs. Germany was de facto divided into two countries and two special territories, the Saarland and divided Berlin. The Federal Republic of Germany claimed an exclusive mandate for all of Germany, considering itself to be the democratically reorganised continuation of the German Reich. It took the line that the GDR was an illegally constituted state. The GDR did hold regular elections, but these were not free and fair; from the West German perspective the GDR was thus a puppet state of the Soviets and therefore illegitimate. Three southwestern states of West Germany merged to form Baden-Württemberg in 1952, and the Saarland joined the Federal Republic of Germany in 1957. In addition to the resulting ten states, West Berlin was considered an unofficial de facto 11th state. While legally not part of the Federal Republic of Germany, as Berlin was under the control of the Allied Control Council, West Berlin aligned itself politically with West Germany and was directly or indirectly represented in its federal institutions. Relations with the Soviet bloc improved during the era of ‘Neue Ostpolitik’ around 1970, and West Germany began taking the line of "two German states within one German nation", but formally maintained the exclusive mandate. It recognised the GDR as a de facto government within a single German nation that in turn was represented de jure by the West German state alone. East Germany, as before, recognised the existence of two German countries de jure, and the West as both de facto and de jure foreign country. The Federal Republic and the GDR agreed that neither of them could speak in the name of the other one. The foundation for the influential position held by Germany today was laid during the Wirtschaftswunder (economic miracle) of the 1950s when West Germany rose from the enormous destruction wrought by World War II to become the world's third largest economy. The first chancellor Konrad Adenauer, who remained in office until 1963, had worked for a full alignment with the West rather than neutrality. He not only secured a membership in NATO but was also a proponent of agreements that developed into the present-day European Union. When the G6/G8 was established in 1975, there was no question whether the Federal Republic of Germany would be a member as well. With the collapse of communism in Central and Eastern Europe in 1989, symbolised by the opening of the Berlin Wall, there was a rapid move towards German reunification. East Germany voted to dissolve itself and accede to the Federal Republic in 1990. Its five post-war states (Länder) were reconstituted along with the reunited Berlin, which ended its special status and formed an additional Land. They formally joined the Federal Republic on 3 October 1990, raising the number of states from 10 to 16, ending the division of Germany. The expanded Federal Republic retained West Germany's political culture and continued its existing memberships in international organisations, as well as its Western foreign policy alignment and affiliation to Western alliances like the European Union and NATO.
- La Alemania Occidental, Alemania del Oeste o Alemania Federal, en alemán: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Westdeutschland o West-Deutschland, es el nombre con el cual era conocida también la República Federal de Alemania (RFA), desde su fundación en 1949 hasta la reunificación alemana ocurrida en 1990, cuando la Alemania Oriental se disolvió, y sus Estados pasaron a formar parte de la RFA, poniendo fin a cuarenta años de división. A partir de entonces la RFA es conocida exclusivamente como Alemania.
- Länsi-Saksa (Westdeutschland) on epävirallinen termi, jolla Saksan liittotasavaltaa kutsuttiin vuosina 1949–1990. Tällöin valtioon ei kuulunut Saksan demokraattisen tasavallan aluetta. Saksojen yhdistyessä vuonna 1990 Saksan demokraattisen tasavallan alueet liittyivät Saksan liittotasavaltaan, minkä seurauksena liittotasavaltaa on siitä lähtien kutsuttu lyhyesti Saksaksi.
- L'Allemagne de l'Ouest était le nom d'usage donné à la République fédérale d'Allemagne, souvent abrégée en RFA (en allemand Bundesrepublik Deutschland ou BRD, parfois traduit par République fédérale allemande), qui correspondait entre 1949 et 1990 à la partie occidentale de l'Allemagne. Cette dénomination permettait de la distinguer de la partie orientale du pays appelée officiellement République démocratique allemande, abrégée en « RDA » (en allemand Deutsche Demokratische Republik ou DDR), ou de façon informelle « Allemagne de l'Est ».
- Nyugat-Németországnak nevezték nem hivatalosan a Németországi Szövetségi Köztársaságot (gyakran Német Szövetségi Köztársaság, NSZK) 1949-es megalakulása és 1990-es kibővülése között. A II. világháború után Németországot a négy győztes nagyhatalom megszállási övezetekre osztotta, és 18 tartományt hoztak létre. A három nyugati megszállási övezetben lévő 12 tartomány hozta létre 1949-ben az NSZK-t, melynek fővárosa Bonn lett, majd ez után nem sokkal a szovjet megszállás alatt álló öt tartományból és Berlin szovjet zónájából megalakult a Német Demokratikus Köztársaság (NDK, Kelet-Németország), ahol 1952-ben megszüntették a tartományokat. Végül Berlin három nyugati megszállási övezetéből létrejött a különleges nemzetközi jogállással rendelkező Nyugat-Berlin. 1990-ben az NDK megszűnt, területén újra megalakultak az 1952-ben megszűnt tartományok, Berlin pedig újraegyesült, és e hat tartomány csatlakozott a Németországi Szövetségi Köztársasághoz. Az NSZK tehát a folytonosságát nem veszítette el, de az állam köznyelvi elnevezésében a megosztottságot kifejező jelző értelmét veszítette.
- Germania Ovest era il termine colloquiale usato tra il 1949 e il 1990 per indicare la Repubblica Federale Tedesca, nome attuale anche della Germania, o RFT, per distinguerla dalla Germania Est, propriamente Repubblica Democratica Tedesca o RDT (Deutsche Demokratische Republik, abbreviato in DDR).
- 西ドイツ（にしドイツ、独: Westdeutschland、英: West Germany）は、1949年5月23日から1990年10月3日までのドイツ連邦共和国の通称である。略称、西独。 冷戦時代はドイツ民主共和国（東ドイツ）と対峙する分断国家だったが、1990年10月3日、ドイツ民主共和国を併合する東西ドイツ統一により、この通称は使われなくなった。東西ドイツ統一まで首都はボンに置かれたが、統一後はベルリンに移った。ドイツ人は、かつての西ドイツを「ボン共和国」（die Bonner Republik）と呼ぶこともある。ドイツ統一は法的には「旧東ドイツの各州がドイツ連邦共和国に加入」という形式で行なわれたため、厳密にいうと現在のドイツは統一により再編成された新しい国家という訳ではなく、領域を旧東ドイツにも拡大した西ドイツである。
- 서독은 1949년에서 1990년 사이, 독일 민주 공화국과 통일되기 전의 독일 연방 공화국을 부르는 비공식 이름이며 독일 국기는 가운데 독수리 문양의 국기가 탄생하였다. 1990년 10월 3일에 통일이 된 이후의 독일 연방 공화국은 간단히 독일이라고 부르며 국기도 독수리 문양이 없고 간단히 3색 독일 국기가 탄생하였다. 서독 정부가 위치했던 실질적 수도는 본이었지만, 법적으로는 서베를린이 수도로 되어 있었다. 1949년 5월 23일 서방연합국 지역에서 독일 연방 공화국 기본법이 발표되어 연합군 점령의 시대가 끝나고 하나의 국가가 출발하게 되었다. 초대 수상은 콘라트 아데나워로 아데나워는 패전으로 폐허가 된 독일의 경제적, 사회적으로 재건과 부흥을 위해 기반을 마련했으며, 친서방 정책으로 외교를 위한 초석을 굳게 다져놓았다. 서독은 기존의 우수한 공업력과 과학기술 등 바탕으로 '라인강의 기적'을 이루었다. 이어 빌리 브란트 시기에는 '동방정책'으로 동유럽과 외교관계를 정상화시켜 독일의 외교적 역량을 동서 유럽으로 확대했다. 과거 나치스 정권이 저지른 만행에 대해서 주변 국가에 화해하고 용서를 빌어 신뢰관계를 구축하였다. 이러한 빌리 브란트 수상의 노력의 성과는 서독이 동서 유럽에서 신뢰관계를 회복하는 계기가 되었고 이는 1990년 독일 통일의 기반이 되었다. 헬무트 콜 수상 시기에는 경제정책에 중점을 두었지만 외교 정책에서는 사민당 정권에서 추진했던 동방 정책을 그대로 수용하고 기존의 우방들과 유대관계를 유지하고, 인간의 가치와 회복과 인권 보호 그리고 자유를 보장하고 준법 국가를 실현하는데 기여했다. 헬무트 콜 수상 시기에는 소련을 비롯한 동유럽 국가와 지속적인 우호적인 관계를 유지한 결과 1989년 독일 민주 공화국(동독) 정권이 붕괴되고 통일의 기회가 왔을 때 주변국의 동의를 얻어 평화적으로 통일을 이룩했다. 이는 유럽에서 분단을 극복하고 냉전을 종식시키는 것이었다. 1990년 독일 통일 당시 세계 경제대국 4위였다.
- Groen: Bondsrepubliek Duitsland 1949-1957; Lichtgroen: West-Berlijn (formeel geen onderdeel van de Bondsrepubliek); Blauw: Saarland (in 1957 toegetreden); Rood: Nieuwe Duitse deelstaten (vanaf 1990)]] De Bondsrepubliek Duitsland was tussen 1949 en 1990, toen de Bondsrepubliek het oostelijke deel van het huidige Duitsland nog niet omvatte, in het buitenland bekend onder de informele maar bijna universeel gebruikte naam West-Duitsland. Het oostelijk deel van Duitsland werd gevormd door de Duitse Democratische Republiek (DDR), die ook bekend was als Oost-Duitsland. Naast het westen van Duitsland maakten ook het noordwesten en het zuiden van Duitsland deel uit van de Bondsrepubliek. Binnen Duitsland had de Bondsrepubliek de bijnaam Bonner Republik omdat de hoofdstad tot 1991 in Bonn aan de rivier de Rijn lag. Pas sinds 1999 zetelen de organen van de Bond in Berlijn. De Bondsrepubliek werd in 1949 opgericht door samenvoeging van de Amerikaanse, Britse en Franse bezettingszones. In 1955 werd ze soeverein onder geallieerd voorbehoud. In 1957 werd het protectoraat Saarland opgeheven en als deelstaat onderdeel van de Bondsrepubliek. In 1990 verenigden zich de oude Bondsrepubliek en de gebieden van de DDR, doordat de nieuwe DDR-deelstaten zich bij de Bondsrepubliek aansloten. Sindsdien worden die deelstaten, die al eerder deel van de Bondsrepubliek uitmaakten, alte Bundesländer (oude deelstaten) genoemd, terwijl de Bondsrepubliek van voor 1990 vaak als Oude Bondsrepubliek wordt aangeduid.
- Vest-Tyskland (egentlig Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland, på tysk Bundesrepublik Deutschland) var en uformell betegnelse på den tyske staten i den tidligere vestallierte sonen i Tyskland fra 1949 til 1990, som var en demokratisk stat og medlem av NATO og som hadde sitt motstykke i Den tyske demokratiske republikk (DDR, «Øst-Tyskland») som var et kommunistisk diktatur og medlem av Warszawa-pakten. Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland ble gjenforent med Saarland i 1957 og gjenforent med territoriet til Den tyske demokratiske republikk i 1990. Uttrykket «Vest-Tyskland» brukes i historisk sammenheng om staten i perioden fra 1949 til 1990. Etter dette gikk uttrykket ut av bruk annet enn som en geografisk betegnelse. I geografisk forstand brukes begrepet Vest-Tyskland om delstatene Nordrhein-Westfalen, Hessen, Rheinland-Pfalz og Saarland, men begrepet kan også brukes om alle delstatene som tidligere var en del av det politiske Vest-Tyskland, dvs. i tillegg til de nevnte delstatene også Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg, Bremen og Niedersachsen (som geografisk tilhører Nord-Tyskland) og Bayern og Baden-Württemberg. Vest-Tyskland var ikke en annen stat enn dagens Tyskland. Konstitusjonelt har Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland hele tiden vært den samme staten, både før og etter de to territorielle gjenforeningene. Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland understreker dessuten sin statsrettslige identitet som identisk med Det tyske rike som ble grunnlagt i 1871, eller juridisk strengt tatt gjennom etableringen av Det nordtyske forbund i 1867. Vest-Berlin var i henhold til sin forfatning en delstat i Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland, men siden dette ikke ble akseptert av okkupasjonsmaktene fungerte Vest-Berlin som en selvstendig enhet, som hadde tette bånd til Vest-Tyskland og av vesttyske myndigheter ble behandlet som en delstat. Dette betød at innbyggerne i Vest-Berlin fikk vesttysk statsborgerskap og at Vest-Berlin indirekte implementerte all vesttysk lovgivning og sendte representanter til Forbundsdagen og Forbundsrådet.
- Niemcy Zachodnie (właściwie Republika Federalna Niemiec) – określenie państwa niemieckiego leżącego w obecnej zachodniej części Niemiec w okresie 1949-1990.
- Alemanha Ocidental era o nome com o qual ficou conhecida a República Federal da Alemanha entre 1949 e 1990. O Estado foi constituído a partir de três das Zonas de ocupação aliada da Alemanha, na sequência da Segunda Guerra Mundial. A outra zona de ocupação, soviética, constituiu um estado à parte conhecido como Alemanha Oriental. A Alemanha Ocidental também era freqüentemente referida pela sigla RFA em oposição a RDA, a Alemanha Oriental.
- Федерати́вная Респу́блика Герма́ния — одно из двух немецких государств, которые в XX веке после Второй мировой войны существовали на территории современной Германии. Краткое название: ФРГ. Неофициальное, но широко распространённое название: За́падная Герма́ния. В Советском Союзе официальное название употреблялось в форме Федеративная Республика Германии. Существовала в период с 23 мая 1949 года до 3 октября 1990 года. В этот период ФРГ единожды претерпела территориальное изменение: 1 января 1957 года к ней присоединился Саар.
- Västtyskland är den vardagliga benämningen på Förbundsrepubliken Tyskland under åren 1949 till 1990. Västtyskland skapades utifrån de amerikanska, brittiska och franska ockupationszonerna av Tyskland. Bonn var huvudstad. Västberlin ingick som delstat i Västtyskland, men stod formellt under kontroll av de västliga segrarmakterna USA, Storbritannien och Frankrike. Östtyskland, Sovjetunionen och deras allierade betraktade därför inte Västberlin som en del av Västtyskland.
- Федерати́вна Респу́бліка Німе́ччина (нім. Bundesrepublik Deutschland, також ФРН або За́хідна Німе́ччина) — прийнята назва Німеччини в період з 7 вересня 1949 року (заснування держави на території Тризонії) до 3 жовтня 1990 року. В цей період ФРН тільки один раз змінювала кордони: 1 січня 1957 року до неї приєдналася земля Саар.
- Tây Đức là tên thường dùng để chỉ Cộng hòa Liên bang Đức trong thời kỳ từ khi được thành lập vào tháng 5 năm 1949 đến khi Tái Thống nhất nước Đức vào ngày 3 tháng 10 năm 1990. Trong thời kỳ này, Đức cùng với thủ đô Berlin bị phân chia cho đến khi Đông Đức cộng sản sụp đổ và 5 bang của nó sáp nhập vào Cộng hòa Liên bang Đức. Cộng hòa Liên bang Đức (thường gọi là Đức) được mở rộng thành 16 bang cùng với việc thành lập 5 bang tại Đông Đức trước đây và như vậy trở thành nhà nước kế tục của Cộng hòa Liên bang Đức từ trước năm 1990. Cộng hòa Liên bang Đức được thành lập từ 11 bang từ ba khu vực chiếm đóng của Đồng minh do Hoa Kỳ, Anh Quốc và Pháp kiểm soát. Thành phố Bonn là thủ dô lâm thời của đất nước. Khu vực thứ tư do Liên Xô chiếm đóng. Nhiều vùng của khu vực này nằm ở phía đông của Oder-Neisse, những nơi này sau đó đã bị Liên Xô và Ba Lan cộng sản sáp nhập; phần trung tâm còn lại quanh Berlin trở thành Cộng hòa Dân chủ Đức (Deutsche Demokratische Republik) với thủ đô trên thực tế là Đông Berlin. Theo sau sự phân chia, Tây Đức có một lãnh thổ chỉ bằng khoảng một nửa kích thước của Cộng hòa Weimar, là quốc gia tồn tại giữa hai Thế chiến tại Đức. Cùng với Sự sụp đổ của Liên Xô và Đông Âu bắt đàu từ năm 1989, tượng trưng là việc mở cửa Bức tường Berlin, các chuyển động nhanh chóng đã diễn ra hướng tới việc tái Thống nhất nước Đức. Cuộc bầu cử tự do ở Đông Đức diễn ra với kết quả là Quốc hội mới tuyên bố giải thể chính quyền và tán thành gia nhập Cộng hòa Liên bang Đức vào năm 1990. Lãnh thổ Đông Đức được tổ chức lại thành 5 bang như trước chiến tranh cùng với việc hợp nhất Berlin, xóa bỏ tình trạng bị cô lập của Tây Berlin. Các bang trên lãnh thổ Đông Đức cũ gia nhập Cộng hòa Liên bang Đức vào ngày 3 tháng 10 năm 1990, nâng số bang từ 10 lên thành 16. Nước Đức thống nhất tiếp tục các chính sách của Cộng hòa Liên bang Đức từ trước năm 1990 và tiếp tục là thành viên của các tổ chức quốc tế như Liên minh Châu Âu và NATO.
- 德意志聯邦共和國 ← 30px ← 30px 1949年–1990年 30px → 國旗 國徽 國旗 國徽 國歌File:Deutschlandlied played by USAREUR Band. oggDas Deutschlandlied（德文）《德意志之歌》別稱：Das Lied der Deutschen（德文）《德國人之歌》 西德位置图 首都 波昂 常用語言 德語 政体 未指定 聯邦總統 - 1949年–1959年 Theodor Heuss - 1959年–1969年 Heinrich Lübke - 1969年–1974年 Gustav Heinemann - 1974年–1979年 Walter Scheel - 1979年–1984年 Karl Carstens - 1984年–1990年 Richard von Weizsäcker 總理 - 1949年–1963年 阿登納 - 1963年–1966年 路德維希·艾哈德 - 1966年–1969年 库尔特·乔治·基辛格 - 1969年–1974年 維利·勃蘭特 - 1974年–1982年 赫尔穆特·施密特 - 1982年–1990年 赫爾穆特·科爾 立法機構 聯邦議會 歷史時期 冷戰 - 建立 1949年5月23日 - 柏林圍牆倒塌 1989年11月9日 - 兩德統一 1990年10月3日 人口 - 1990年估計 63,254,000 貨幣 德國馬克 德国历史系列 日耳曼地區歷史 日耳曼人时期 民族大迁徙 法兰克人时期 法兰克王国墨洛温王朝 20px 加洛林王朝 20px 法兰克王国 20px 法兰克帝国 20px 东法兰克王国 20px 神圣罗马帝国 德意志國的建立 20px 勃蘭登堡藩侯 20px 条顿骑士团 20px 条顿骑士团国 20px 普鲁士公国 20px 勃蘭登堡侯-普鲁士公国 20px 普魯士王國 20px 德意志邦联 20px 德意志1848年革命 20px 北德意志邦联 20px 德意志统一 德意志帝国时期 20px 德意志帝国 20px 德国十一月革命 20px 德意志帝国（威瑪共和国） 20px 大德意志帝国 分裂与重新统一 20px 盟军占领 + 20px 前东部领土 20px 战后德国人流放和逃亡 20px 联邦德国 + 20px 民主德国 20px 兩德統一 现今的德国 20px 德意志联邦共和国 专题史 20px 军事史 20px 殖民史 疆域史 历史年表 语言史 本模板： • 討論 • 編輯 • 歷史 聯邦德國或西德，是对1949年5月至1990年10月之間的德意志聯邦共和國（德语：Bundesrepublik Deutschland）的俗稱。 1945年5月8日，纳粹德国向盟军投降，德国领土被分为四个占领区，由美国、苏联、英国、法国管制。1949年5月23日，美国、英国、法国占领区合并成立德意志联邦共和国。同年，苏联占领区成德意志民主共和国，被称做东德。 1990年10月3日兩德統一，德意志民主共和國（東德）消失，其州份併入德意志聯邦共和國，成為當今德國。德意志聯邦共和國是統一後的存續單位。兩德統一並還都至柏林之前，西德的首都設在波恩。
- West Germany is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG in the period between its creation in May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990. During this period, West Germany and the socialist East Germany were divided by the Inner German border. After 1961, West Berlin was physically separated from East Berlin as well as from East Germany by the Berlin Wall. This situation ended when East Germany was dissolved and its five states joined the ten states of the Federal Republic of Germany along with the reunified city-state of Berlin. The enlarged Federal Republic of Germany with sixteen states (known simply as "Germany") is thus the continuation of the pre-1990 Federal Republic of Germany. The Federal Republic of Germany was established from eleven states formed in the three Allied Zones of occupation held by the United States, the United Kingdom and France (the "Western Zones"). The city of Bonn was its provisional capital city. The fourth Allied occupation zone (the East Zone, or Ostzone) was held by the Soviet Union. The parts of this zone lying east of the Oder-Neisse were in fact annexed by the Soviet Union and communist Poland; the remaining central part around Berlin became the communist German Democratic Republic (abbreviated GDR; in German Deutsche Demokratische Republik or DDR) with its de facto capital in East Berlin. As a result, West Germany had a territory about half the size of the interwar democratic Weimar Republic. At the onset of the Cold War, Germany (and, indeed, Europe) was divided among the Western and Eastern blocs. Germany was de facto divided into two countries and two special territories, the Saarland and divided Berlin. The Federal Republic of Germany claimed an exclusive mandate for all of Germany, considering itself to be the democratically reorganised continuation of the German Reich. It took the line that the GDR was an illegally constituted state. The GDR did hold regular elections, but these were not free and fair; from the West German perspective the GDR was thus a puppet state of the Soviets and therefore illegitimate. Three southwestern states of West Germany merged to form Baden-Württemberg in 1952, and the Saarland joined the Federal Republic of Germany in 1957. In addition to the resulting ten states, West Berlin was considered an unofficial de facto 11th state. While legally not part of the Federal Republic of Germany, as Berlin was under the control of the Allied Control Council, West Berlin aligned itself politically with West Germany and was directly or indirectly represented in its federal institutions. Relations with the Soviet bloc improved during the era of ‘Neue Ostpolitik’ around 1970, and West Germany began taking the line of "two German states within one German nation", but formally maintained the exclusive mandate. It recognised the GDR as a de facto government within a single German nation that in turn was represented de jure by the West German state alone. East Germany, as before, recognised the existence of two German countries de jure, and the West as both de facto and de jure foreign country. The Federal Republic and the GDR agreed that neither of them could speak in the name of the other one. The foundation for the influential position held by Germany today was laid during the Wirtschaftswunder (economic miracle) of the 1950s when West Germany rose from the enormous destruction wrought by World War II to become the world's third largest economy. The first chancellor Konrad Adenauer, who remained in office until 1963, had worked for a full alignment with the West rather than neutrality. He not only secured a membership in NATO but was also a proponent of agreements that developed into the present-day European Union. When the G6/G8 was established in 1975, there was no question whether the Federal Republic of Germany would be a member as well. With the collapse of communism in Central and Eastern Europe in 1989, symbolised by the opening of the Berlin Wall, there was a rapid move towards German reunification. East Germany voted to dissolve itself and accede to the Federal Republic in 1990. Its five post-war states (Länder) were reconstituted along with the reunited Berlin, which ended its special status and formed an additional Land. They formally joined the Federal Republic on 3 October 1990, raising the number of states from 10 to 16, ending the division of Germany. The expanded Federal Republic retained West Germany's political culture and continued its existing memberships in international organisations, as well as its Western foreign policy alignment and affiliation to Western alliances like the European Union and NATO.
- West Germany is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG in the period between its creation in May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990. During this period, the NATO-aligned West Germany and the socialist East Germany were divided by the Inner German border. After 1961, West Berlin was physically separated from East Berlin as well as from East Germany by the Berlin Wall. This situation ended when East Germany was dissolved and its five states joined the ten states of the Federal Republic of Germany along with the reunified city-state of Berlin. The enlarged Federal Republic of Germany with sixteen states (known simply as "Germany") is thus the continuation of the pre-1990 Federal Republic of Germany. The Federal Republic of Germany was established from eleven states formed in the three Allied Zones of occupation held by the United States, the United Kingdom and France (the "Western Zones"). The city of Bonn was its provisional capital city. The fourth Allied occupation zone (the East Zone, or Ostzone) was held by the Soviet Union. The parts of this zone lying east of the Oder-Neisse were in fact annexed by the Soviet Union and communist Poland; the remaining central part around Berlin became the communist German Democratic Republic (abbreviated GDR; in German Deutsche Demokratische Republik or DDR) with its de facto capital in East Berlin. As a result, West Germany had a territory about half the size of the interwar democratic Weimar Republic. At the onset of the Cold War, Germany (and, indeed, Europe) was divided among the Western and Eastern blocs. Germany was de facto divided into two countries and two special territories, the Saarland and divided Berlin. The Federal Republic of Germany claimed an exclusive mandate for all of Germany, considering itself to be the democratically reorganised continuation of the German Reich. It took the line that the GDR was an illegally constituted state. The GDR did hold regular elections, but these were not free and fair; from the West German perspective the GDR was thus a puppet state of the Soviets and therefore illegitimate. Three southwestern states of West Germany merged to form Baden-Württemberg in 1952, and the Saarland joined the Federal Republic of Germany in 1957. In addition to the resulting ten states, West Berlin was considered an unofficial de facto 11th state. While legally not part of the Federal Republic of Germany, as Berlin was under the control of the Allied Control Council, West Berlin aligned itself politically with West Germany and was directly or indirectly represented in its federal institutions. Relations with the Soviet bloc improved during the era of ‘Neue Ostpolitik’ around 1970, and West Germany began taking the line of "two German states within one German nation", but formally maintained the exclusive mandate. It recognised the GDR as a de facto government within a single German nation that in turn was represented de jure by the West German state alone. East Germany, as before, recognised the existence of two German countries de jure, and the West as both de facto and de jure foreign country. The Federal Republic and the GDR agreed that neither of them could speak in the name of the other one. The foundation for the influential position held by Germany today was laid during the Wirtschaftswunder (economic miracle) of the 1950s when West Germany rose from the enormous destruction wrought by World War II to become the world's third largest economy. The first chancellor Konrad Adenauer, who remained in office until 1963, had worked for a full alignment with the West rather than neutrality. He not only secured a membership in NATO but was also a proponent of agreements that developed into the present-day European Union. When the G6/G8 was established in 1975, there was no question whether the Federal Republic of Germany would be a member as well. With the collapse of communism in Central and Eastern Europe in 1989, symbolised by the opening of the Berlin Wall, there was a rapid move towards German reunification. East Germany voted to dissolve itself and accede to the Federal Republic in 1990. Its five post-war states (Länder) were reconstituted along with the reunited Berlin, which ended its special status and formed an additional Land. They formally joined the Federal Republic on 3 October 1990, raising the number of states from 10 to 16, ending the division of Germany. The expanded Federal Republic retained West Germany's political culture and continued its existing memberships in international organisations, as well as its Western foreign policy alignment and affiliation to Western alliances like the European Union and NATO.
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- L'Alemanya Occidental o de l'Oest, en alemany Westdeutschland o West-Deutschland, coneguda també com a República Federal d'Alemanya (RFA) era un país de l'Europa central que formava part de la Unió Europea (UE). Limitava al nord amb la mar del Nord, Dinamarca i la mar Bàltica; a l'est amb la República Democràtica Alemanya i Txecoslovàquia; al sud amb Àustria i Suïssa, i a l'oest amb França, Luxemburg, Bèlgica i els Països Baixos.
- Západní Německo je historické a neoficiální označení území Spolkové republiky Německo v rozmezí let 1949 až 1990 před připojením území Německé demokratické republiky a Západního Berlína. Rozloha země činila 248 577 km, počet obyvatel pak 63 254 000 (odhad z roku 1990). Hlavním městem západoněmeckého státu byl Bonn a jeho součástí byly německé spolkové země.
- La Alemania Occidental, Alemania del Oeste o Alemania Federal, en alemán: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Westdeutschland o West-Deutschland, es el nombre con el cual era conocida también la República Federal de Alemania (RFA), desde su fundación en 1949 hasta la reunificación alemana ocurrida en 1990, cuando la Alemania Oriental se disolvió, y sus Estados pasaron a formar parte de la RFA, poniendo fin a cuarenta años de división. A partir de entonces la RFA es conocida exclusivamente como Alemania.
- Länsi-Saksa (Westdeutschland) on epävirallinen termi, jolla Saksan liittotasavaltaa kutsuttiin vuosina 1949–1990. Tällöin valtioon ei kuulunut Saksan demokraattisen tasavallan aluetta. Saksojen yhdistyessä vuonna 1990 Saksan demokraattisen tasavallan alueet liittyivät Saksan liittotasavaltaan, minkä seurauksena liittotasavaltaa on siitä lähtien kutsuttu lyhyesti Saksaksi.
- L'Allemagne de l'Ouest était le nom d'usage donné à la République fédérale d'Allemagne, souvent abrégée en RFA (en allemand Bundesrepublik Deutschland ou BRD, parfois traduit par République fédérale allemande), qui correspondait entre 1949 et 1990 à la partie occidentale de l'Allemagne.
- Nyugat-Németországnak nevezték nem hivatalosan a Németországi Szövetségi Köztársaságot (gyakran Német Szövetségi Köztársaság, NSZK) 1949-es megalakulása és 1990-es kibővülése között. A II. világháború után Németországot a négy győztes nagyhatalom megszállási övezetekre osztotta, és 18 tartományt hoztak létre.
- Germania Ovest era il termine colloquiale usato tra il 1949 e il 1990 per indicare la Repubblica Federale Tedesca, nome attuale anche della Germania, o RFT, per distinguerla dalla Germania Est, propriamente Repubblica Democratica Tedesca o RDT (Deutsche Demokratische Republik, abbreviato in DDR).
- 西ドイツ（にしドイツ、独: Westdeutschland、英: West Germany）は、1949年5月23日から1990年10月3日までのドイツ連邦共和国の通称である。略称、西独。 冷戦時代はドイツ民主共和国（東ドイツ）と対峙する分断国家だったが、1990年10月3日、ドイツ民主共和国を併合する東西ドイツ統一により、この通称は使われなくなった。東西ドイツ統一まで首都はボンに置かれたが、統一後はベルリンに移った。ドイツ人は、かつての西ドイツを「ボン共和国」（die Bonner Republik）と呼ぶこともある。ドイツ統一は法的には「旧東ドイツの各州がドイツ連邦共和国に加入」という形式で行なわれたため、厳密にいうと現在のドイツは統一により再編成された新しい国家という訳ではなく、領域を旧東ドイツにも拡大した西ドイツである。
- 서독은 1949년에서 1990년 사이, 독일 민주 공화국과 통일되기 전의 독일 연방 공화국을 부르는 비공식 이름이며 독일 국기는 가운데 독수리 문양의 국기가 탄생하였다. 1990년 10월 3일에 통일이 된 이후의 독일 연방 공화국은 간단히 독일이라고 부르며 국기도 독수리 문양이 없고 간단히 3색 독일 국기가 탄생하였다. 서독 정부가 위치했던 실질적 수도는 본이었지만, 법적으로는 서베를린이 수도로 되어 있었다. 1949년 5월 23일 서방연합국 지역에서 독일 연방 공화국 기본법이 발표되어 연합군 점령의 시대가 끝나고 하나의 국가가 출발하게 되었다. 초대 수상은 콘라트 아데나워로 아데나워는 패전으로 폐허가 된 독일의 경제적, 사회적으로 재건과 부흥을 위해 기반을 마련했으며, 친서방 정책으로 외교를 위한 초석을 굳게 다져놓았다. 서독은 기존의 우수한 공업력과 과학기술 등 바탕으로 '라인강의 기적'을 이루었다.
- Groen: Bondsrepubliek Duitsland 1949-1957; Lichtgroen: West-Berlijn (formeel geen onderdeel van de Bondsrepubliek); Blauw: Saarland (in 1957 toegetreden); Rood: Nieuwe Duitse deelstaten (vanaf 1990)]] De Bondsrepubliek Duitsland was tussen 1949 en 1990, toen de Bondsrepubliek het oostelijke deel van het huidige Duitsland nog niet omvatte, in het buitenland bekend onder de informele maar bijna universeel gebruikte naam West-Duitsland.
- Vest-Tyskland (egentlig Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland, på tysk Bundesrepublik Deutschland) var en uformell betegnelse på den tyske staten i den tidligere vestallierte sonen i Tyskland fra 1949 til 1990, som var en demokratisk stat og medlem av NATO og som hadde sitt motstykke i Den tyske demokratiske republikk (DDR, «Øst-Tyskland») som var et kommunistisk diktatur og medlem av Warszawa-pakten.
- Niemcy Zachodnie (właściwie Republika Federalna Niemiec) – określenie państwa niemieckiego leżącego w obecnej zachodniej części Niemiec w okresie 1949-1990.
- Alemanha Ocidental era o nome com o qual ficou conhecida a República Federal da Alemanha entre 1949 e 1990. O Estado foi constituído a partir de três das Zonas de ocupação aliada da Alemanha, na sequência da Segunda Guerra Mundial. A outra zona de ocupação, soviética, constituiu um estado à parte conhecido como Alemanha Oriental. A Alemanha Ocidental também era freqüentemente referida pela sigla RFA em oposição a RDA, a Alemanha Oriental.
- Федерати́вная Респу́блика Герма́ния — одно из двух немецких государств, которые в XX веке после Второй мировой войны существовали на территории современной Германии. Краткое название: ФРГ. Неофициальное, но широко распространённое название: За́падная Герма́ния. В Советском Союзе официальное название употреблялось в форме Федеративная Республика Германии. Существовала в период с 23 мая 1949 года до 3 октября 1990 года.
- Västtyskland är den vardagliga benämningen på Förbundsrepubliken Tyskland under åren 1949 till 1990. Västtyskland skapades utifrån de amerikanska, brittiska och franska ockupationszonerna av Tyskland. Bonn var huvudstad. Västberlin ingick som delstat i Västtyskland, men stod formellt under kontroll av de västliga segrarmakterna USA, Storbritannien och Frankrike. Östtyskland, Sovjetunionen och deras allierade betraktade därför inte Västberlin som en del av Västtyskland.
- Федерати́вна Респу́бліка Німе́ччина (нім. Bundesrepublik Deutschland, також ФРН або За́хідна Німе́ччина) — прийнята назва Німеччини в період з 7 вересня 1949 року (заснування держави на території Тризонії) до 3 жовтня 1990 року. В цей період ФРН тільки один раз змінювала кордони: 1 січня 1957 року до неї приєдналася земля Саар.
- Tây Đức là tên thường dùng để chỉ Cộng hòa Liên bang Đức trong thời kỳ từ khi được thành lập vào tháng 5 năm 1949 đến khi Tái Thống nhất nước Đức vào ngày 3 tháng 10 năm 1990. Trong thời kỳ này, Đức cùng với thủ đô Berlin bị phân chia cho đến khi Đông Đức cộng sản sụp đổ và 5 bang của nó sáp nhập vào Cộng hòa Liên bang Đức.
- 德意志聯邦共和國 ← 30px ← 30px 1949年–1990年 30px → 國旗 國徽 國旗 國徽 國歌File:Deutschlandlied played by USAREUR Band.
- West Germany is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG in the period between its creation in May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990. During this period, the NATO-aligned West Germany and the socialist East Germany were divided by the Inner German border. After 1961, West Berlin was physically separated from East Berlin as well as from East Germany by the Berlin Wall.
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