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- The Toucouleur Empire (also known as the Tijaniyya Jihad state or the Segu Tukulor/Toucouleur Empire) was founded in the nineteenth century by El Hadj Umar Tall of the Toucouleur people, in part of present-day Mali. Umar Tall returned from the Hajj in 1836 with the titles of El Hadj and caliph of the Tijaniyya brotherhood of the Sudan. After a long stay in Fouta-Toro, he moved to Dinguiraye (to the east of Fouta Djallon in present-day Guinea), which became the staging ground for his 1850 jihad. Abandoning his assault on the French colonial army after an 1857 failure to conquer Medina fort, Umar Tall struck out against the Bambara kingdoms with much greater success - first Kaarta and then Segou. Following a decisive victory in the Battle of Segou on March 10, 1861, he made Segou the capital of his empire. A year later he left its management to his son Ahmadu Tall to go conquer Hamdullahi, capital of the Fula empire of Massina. Umar Tall again tasted defeat in a failed attempt to conquer Timbuktu, and retreated to Deguembéré, near Bandiagara of the Dogon region. In 1864, he died there in an explosion of his gunpowder reserves. His nephew Tidiani Tall succeeded him and installed the capital of the Toucouleur Empire at Bandiagara. At Segou, Ahmadu Tall continued to reign, successfully suppressing the attempts of several neighboring cities to break away, but he found himself in increasing conflict with his brothers. In 1890, the French, allied with the Bambara, entered Ségou, and Ahmadu fled to Sokoto in present-day Nigeria, marking the effective end of the empire.
- Toucouleurin kuningaskunnan (tunnetaan myös englanninkielisellä nimellä Tijaniyya Jihad state) perusti toucouleur-kansan johtaja El Hadj Umar Tall 1800-luvulla nykyisen Malin alueelle. Valtakunta tuhoutui Ranskan vallotettua sen alueet 1800-luvun loppuun mennessä.
- L’Empire toucouleur a été fondé au XIX siècle par El Hadj Oumar Tall, de l’ethnie toucouleur, sur une partie de l’actuel Mali. Oumar Tall revient d’un pèlerinage à La Mecque en 1836 avec les titres d’El Hadj et de Khalife de la confrérie Tidjania pour le Soudan. Après avoir séjourné dans le Fouta-Djalon, son pays natal est au Fouta-Toro, d’où il démarre son djihad (guerre sainte) en 1850. Ne réussissant pas à vaincre l’armée coloniale française, il va, après l’échec du siège du fort de Médine en juillet 1857, déplacer son empire vers l’est en attaquant les royaumes Bambaras. Conquérant Ségou le 10 mars 1861, il en fait la capitale de son empire, en laissant la gestion un an plus tard à son fils Ahmadou Tall pour partir conquérir Hamdallaye, capitale de l’Empire peul du Macina. Il se réfugiera à Deguembéré, près de Bandiagara. En 1864, il meurt dans l’explosion de ses réserves de poudre. Son neveu Tidiani Tall prend la succession et installe la capitale de l’Empire Toucouleur à Bandiagara. A Ségou, Ahmadou Tall continue de régner mais entre en conflit avec ses frères. En 1890, les Français entrent à Ségou en s’alliant avec les bambaras. Ahmadou est obligé de s’enfuir à Sokoto, dans le nord du Nigeria.
- 1754 yılından 1890'a dek bugünkü Mali, Senegal, Nijer, Nijerya ve Çad'ın bir kısım topraklarına hakim olan devlet. Takruri öndegelenlerinden Osman Fodyo'nun açtığı cihad sonucunda kuzey Nijerya'nın kuzey ve Mali'nin batı bölgeleri işgal edildi ve Osman Fodyo fethettiği her bölgeye ailesinden bir vali atayarak merkezi Senegal'de yeralan Futo olan bir krallık kurdu. Ele geçirilen bütün bölgelerdeki putperestler Müslümanlığa geçirildi. Takruri Krallığı 1861'de Bambara Krallığı'na son verdi, ancak Senegal, Benin ve Cezayir'den etki alanlarını tüm Batı Afrika'ya yaymaya çalışan Fransa karşısında askeri başarı sağlayamadı ve 1880-1893 arasında tüm toprakları Franasızların eline geçti. Mali'nin en güneyindeki Sikasso'nun Fransızların eline geçmesi ve son kral Bakembe'nin 1 Mayıs 1898'de öldürülmesiyle devlet tamamen tarihe karıştı.
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- The Toucouleur Empire (also known as the Tijaniyya Jihad state or the Segu Tukulor/Toucouleur Empire) was founded in the nineteenth century by El Hadj Umar Tall of the Toucouleur people, in part of present-day Mali. Umar Tall returned from the Hajj in 1836 with the titles of El Hadj and caliph of the Tijaniyya brotherhood of the Sudan. After a long stay in Fouta-Toro, he moved to Dinguiraye (to the east of Fouta Djallon in present-day Guinea), which became the staging ground for his 1850 jihad.
- Toucouleurin kuningaskunnan (tunnetaan myös englanninkielisellä nimellä Tijaniyya Jihad state) perusti toucouleur-kansan johtaja El Hadj Umar Tall 1800-luvulla nykyisen Malin alueelle. Valtakunta tuhoutui Ranskan vallotettua sen alueet 1800-luvun loppuun mennessä.
- L’Empire toucouleur a été fondé au XIX siècle par El Hadj Oumar Tall, de l’ethnie toucouleur, sur une partie de l’actuel Mali. Oumar Tall revient d’un pèlerinage à La Mecque en 1836 avec les titres d’El Hadj et de Khalife de la confrérie Tidjania pour le Soudan. Après avoir séjourné dans le Fouta-Djalon, son pays natal est au Fouta-Toro, d’où il démarre son djihad (guerre sainte) en 1850.
- 1754 yılından 1890'a dek bugünkü Mali, Senegal, Nijer, Nijerya ve Çad'ın bir kısım topraklarına hakim olan devlet. Takruri öndegelenlerinden Osman Fodyo'nun açtığı cihad sonucunda kuzey Nijerya'nın kuzey ve Mali'nin batı bölgeleri işgal edildi ve Osman Fodyo fethettiği her bölgeye ailesinden bir vali atayarak merkezi Senegal'de yeralan Futo olan bir krallık kurdu. Ele geçirilen bütün bölgelerdeki putperestler Müslümanlığa geçirildi.
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