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- Thomas Baltzar (c. 1631 – July 24, 1663) was a German violinist and composer. He was born in Lübeck to a musical family; his father, grandfather, and great-grandfather were all musicians. Sources suggest an array of music teachers who may have taught him in his early years. According to the writings of Samuel Hartlib, composer and violinist Johann Schop was one of those instructors. Baltzar may have studied the violin with Gregor Zuber and composition with Franz Tunder. He may have also received instruction from composer and violinist Nicolaus Bleyer, who taught Baltzar's younger brother. Through contacts at Germany's embassy in Sweden (where, by 1653, Baltzar was employed), he may have come in contact with English musicians accompanying Bulstrode Whitelocke's mission to Queen Christina. This possible encounter may have been the impetus for Baltzar's decision to emigrate to England in 1655, leaving behind his newly attained position of Ratslutenist of Lübeck (he had returned briefly to his home city, probably shortly after Christina's abdication in June 1654). Hartlib's writings indicate that the Swedish ambassador to England, Christer Bonde, took in Baltzar. Baltzar's arrival in England was met with acclaim. On March 4, 1656, he performed the violin at the residence of Roger L'Estrange, where John Evelyn was in attendance. Evelyn wrote in his Diary that night: This night I was invited by Mr. Rog: L'Estrange to heare the incomperable Lubicer on the Violin, his variety upon a few notes & plaine ground with that wonderfull dexterity, as was admirable, & though a very young man, yet so perfect & skillful as there was nothing so crosse & perplext, which being by our Artists, brought to him, which he did not at first sight, with ravishing sweetenesse & improvements, play off, to the astonishment of our best Masters: In Summ, he plaid on that single Instrument a full Consort, so as the rest, flung-downe their Instruments, as acknowledging a victory. In September 1656, Baltzar was listed as one of the musicians who helped premiere The Siege of Rhodes in London, thought to have been the first all-sung English opera. Two years later, according to Anthony Wood, he was employed as a private musician for Sir Anthony Cope at Hanwell House in Banbury. Wood, who had heard Baltzar play at a performance in Oxford, described his "very great astonishment" at the German's skill. "[I I] saw him run his fingers to the end of the finger-board of the violin, and run them back insensibly," he wrote, "and all with alacrity and in very good tune, which [I I] nor any in England saw the like before. " Also in attendance was John Wilson, a professor of music at the University of Oxford, who, according to Wood, bowed at Baltzar's feet after the performance. On December 23, 1661, Baltzar entered Charles II's service as a member of the king's private music ensemble with an annual salary of £110, a high figure for the time. Some of Baltzar's surviving compositions, including a work in C major that may be the earliest suite for three violins, require virtuosity and technical mastery. According to Wood, Baltzar's drinking habits contributed to his death. He was buried in the cloisters of Westminster Abbey on July 27, 1663.
- Thomas Baltzar war ein deutscher Violinist und Komponist. Als seine Lehrer gelten der Lübecker Musiker Nicolaus Bleyer und Johann Schop. Von 1653 bis 1654 war Baltzar Kammerviolinist der Königin Christina von Schweden und begab sich nach deren Abdankung nach London. Dort erregte das mehrstimmige Violinspiel des fünfundzwanzigjährigen Aufsehen. 1661 wurde er zum ersten Violinisten der Kapelle des Königs ernannt. Diese Anstellung hatte er bis zu seinem frühen Tod im Juli 1663 inne. In England war er einer der ersten, die den Generalbass in ihren Werken einsetzten. Er schuf Kompositionen für Violine Solo, zum Teil mit Skordatur und Triosonaten, aber auch Werke für Streichensembles. Er vereinigte den norddeutschen Instrumentalstil mit dem der englischen Consortmusik. Ihm nachfolgende Komponisten wie Nicola Matteis und Henry Purcell übernahmen vielfach diese Art. Ein im Jahr 1888 veröffentlichter Lebenslauf von C. Stiel, trug den Titel: "Thomas Baltzar ein Paganini seiner Zeit".
- トーマス（またはトマス）・バルツァー（Thomas Baltzar, 1630年または1631年 リューベック - 1663年6月24日 または 7月7日 ロンドン）は、イギリス盛期バロック音楽のドイツ人作曲家・ヴァイオリン奏者。 1653年から1654年までスウェーデン女王クリスティーナの室内楽奏者（ヴァイオリニスト）を務めた後、ロンドンに行くため辞表を出す。1656年に初めてイギリスを訪れ、日記作家ジョン・イヴリンと古物蒐集家アンソニー・ア・ウッドに感銘を与える。1661年にチャールズ2世の有名な楽団「24のヴァイオリン」の団長に選ばれるが、不摂生な生活習慣が祟って、それから2年で早世した。 イングランドで初めて通奏低音を用いた作品を作曲し、無伴奏ヴァイオリン曲やヴァイオリン独奏曲、トリオ・ソナタ、弦楽合奏のための作品を残した。現在最も有名な作品は、《グラウンドによるディヴィジョン Divisions on a Ground 》であろう。バルツァーのヴァイオリン演奏は、イングランドでは前代未聞のものだったらしく、その演奏や作品ともども、おそらくヘンリー・パーセルの弦楽器の書法に多くの影響を与えた可能性がある。
- Thomas Baltzar est un violoniste et compositeur allemand.
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