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- The Beauty Myth, subtitled How Images of Beauty Are Used Against Women, and published in 1991 by William Morrow and Company, is a nonfiction book by Naomi Wolf. It was republished in 2002 by HarperPerennial with a new introduction by Wolf. The basic premise of The Beauty Myth is that forced adherence to standards of physical beauty has grown stronger for women as they gained power in other societal arenas. In the book, Wolf argued that "beauty" as a normative value is entirely socially constructed, and that the patriarchy determines the content of that construction with the goal of reproducing its own hegemony. In her introduction, Wolf offered the following analysis: “ The more legal and material hindrances women have broken through, the more strictly and heavily and cruelly images of female beauty have come to weigh upon us... [D D]uring the past decade, women breached the power structure; meanwhile, eating disorders rose exponentially and cosmetic surgery became the fastest-growing specialty... [P P]ornography became the main media category, ahead of legitimate films and records combined, and thirty-three thousand American women told researchers that they would rather lose ten to fifteen pounds than achieve any other goal... More women have more money and power and scope and legal recognition than we have ever had before; but in terms of how we feel about ourselves physically, we may actually be worse off than our unliberated grandmothers. ” Wolf also posited the idea of an "iron-maiden," an intrinsically unattainable standard of beauty that is then used to punish women physically and psychologically for their failure to achieve and conform to it. Wolf criticized the fashion and beauty industries as exploitative of women, but claimed the beauty myth extended into all areas of human functioning. Wolf wrote that women should have "the choice to do whatever we want with our faces and bodies without being punished by an ideology that is using attitudes, economic pressure, and even legal judgments regarding women's appearance to undermine us psychologically and politically". Wolf argued that women were under assault by the "beauty myth" in five areas: work, religion, sex, violence, and hunger. Ultimately, Wolf argued for a relaxation of normative standards of beauty.
- The Beauty Myth ou O Mito da Beleza: como as imagens de beleza são usadas contra as mulheres” é um livro feminista, publicado por Naomi Wolf em 1991 nos Estados Unidos e, no Brasil, em 1992. Wolf analisa cinco áreas e suas relação com a beleza feminina: emprego, cultura, religião, sexualidade, distúrbios alimentares e cirurgia plástica. Uma das conclusões é de que essas áreas, ao criarem e exigirem das mulheres uma atenção extremada, atuam como empecilhos para que as mulheres obtenham prestígio e poder na sociedade.
- 《美貌的神话》(Template:Lang-en)是一本由美国作家、知名女性主义者内奥米·沃尔夫(Naomi Wolf)编著、在1991年出版的书籍。正如本书副标题“美丽的形象如何被用来对抗女性”(How Images of Beauty Are Used Against Women)所言,沃尔夫深入探究了社会对于女性美貌的现代观感和理解,如何对就业、文化、宗教、整容,甚至性行为、进食障碍等方面造成巨大影响。其中一个重要的观点,就是由男性主导的时装与化妆品工业规定了女性的打扮方式,迫使她们为一种男性想象中的不可能做到的完美而想方设法。
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- 《美貌的神话》(Template:Lang-en)是一本由美国作家、知名女性主义者内奥米·沃尔夫(Naomi Wolf)编著、在1991年出版的书籍。正如本书副标题“美丽的形象如何被用来对抗女性”(How Images of Beauty Are Used Against Women)所言,沃尔夫深入探究了社会对于女性美貌的现代观感和理解,如何对就业、文化、宗教、整容,甚至性行为、进食障碍等方面造成巨大影响。其中一个重要的观点,就是由男性主导的时装与化妆品工业规定了女性的打扮方式,迫使她们为一种男性想象中的不可能做到的完美而想方设法。
- The Beauty Myth, subtitled How Images of Beauty Are Used Against Women, and published in 1991 by William Morrow and Company, is a nonfiction book by Naomi Wolf. It was republished in 2002 by HarperPerennial with a new introduction by Wolf. The basic premise of The Beauty Myth is that forced adherence to standards of physical beauty has grown stronger for women as they gained power in other societal arenas.
- The Beauty Myth ou O Mito da Beleza: como as imagens de beleza são usadas contra as mulheres” é um livro feminista, publicado por Naomi Wolf em 1991 nos Estados Unidos e, no Brasil, em 1992. Wolf analisa cinco áreas e suas relação com a beleza feminina: emprego, cultura, religião, sexualidade, distúrbios alimentares e cirurgia plástica.
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