A temporary capital or a provisional capital is a city or town chosen by a government as an interim base of operations due to some difficulty in retaining or establishing control of a different metropolitan area. The most common circumstances leading to this are either a civil war, where control of the capital is contested, or during an invasion, where the designated capital is taken or threatened.

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  • A temporary capital or a provisional capital is a city or town chosen by a government as an interim base of operations due to some difficulty in retaining or establishing control of a different metropolitan area. The most common circumstances leading to this are either a civil war, where control of the capital is contested, or during an invasion, where the designated capital is taken or threatened. Examples include: During World War II due to evacuation actions the Soviet Union had different de facto capitals: Kuybyshev — planned temporary capital in case of occupation of Moscow and de facto temporary administrative and diplomatic capital Sverdlovsk — de facto temporary industrial capital Kazan — de facto temporary scientific capital Tyumen — de facto temporary spiritual capital Similarly the Republic of China, now commonly known as "Taiwan", maintained a temporary capital in Chongqing while Japan occupied Nanjing in the Second Sino-Japanese War, and following the Chinese Civil War the Republic of China established Taipei as the capital. The Pan-Russian "White" regime of A. Kolchak in Omsk during the Russian Revolution During the Spanish Civil War, the Nationalists initially had a temporary capital at Burgos; once the Nationalists took Madrid, the Republicans maintained temporary capitals first at Valencia and finally at Barcelona. The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic in Bir Lehlou, rather than El Aaiún, Western Sahara, but with its de facto headquarters in Tindouf, Algeria. The government of Somalia in various locations within their territory rather than Mogadishu. Lithuania in Kaunas rather than Vilnius during the interwar period when Poland controlled the latter city. The Parliament of Finland moved from Helsinki to Kauhajoki during the Winter War. In the Korean War, the South Korean government temporarily moved its capital to Pusan (Busan) before the KPA advance which conquered and occupied Seoul. South Korea reestablished Seoul as the permanent capital of South Korea after the Korean War Ceasefire. DPRK considers Pyongyang its temporary capital, as the de jure capital designated in its constitution is Seoul.
  • Вре́менная столи́ца — временное размещение в каком-либо городе страны либо перемещение от одного города к другому столичных функций из-за оккупации существующей столицы, либо ввиду прямой военной угрозы существующей столице, либо для разрешения спора между городами, претендующими на столичный статус на равных основаниях, либо по другим причинам.
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  • A temporary capital or a provisional capital is a city or town chosen by a government as an interim base of operations due to some difficulty in retaining or establishing control of a different metropolitan area. The most common circumstances leading to this are either a civil war, where control of the capital is contested, or during an invasion, where the designated capital is taken or threatened.
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  • Temporary capital
  • Временные столицы
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