The Boat people or Tankas is an ethnic group in China that has traditionally lived on junks in coastal parts of Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan, and Zhejiang provinces, as well as Hong Kong and Macau. Though many now live onshore, some members of the older generations still live on their narrow boats and pursue their traditional livelihood of fishing. Originally the Tankas were a non-Chinese ethnic group and were classified by the Qing government as "mean".

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  • The Boat people or Tankas is an ethnic group in China that has traditionally lived on junks in coastal parts of Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan, and Zhejiang provinces, as well as Hong Kong and Macau. Though many now live onshore, some members of the older generations still live on their narrow boats and pursue their traditional livelihood of fishing. Originally the Tankas were a non-Chinese ethnic group and were classified by the Qing government as "mean". The Yongzheng Emperor freed them and several other "mean" groups from this status in a series of edicts from 1723 to 1731. They mostly worked as fishermen and tended to gather at some bays. Some built markets or villages on the shore, while others continued to live on their junks or boats. The Tankas arrived in Hong Kong around the 7-9th century from the Malay Oceanic. As Hong Kong developed, some of the fishing grounds in Hong Kong became badly polluted or were reclaimed, and so became land. Those Tankas who only own small boats and cannot fish far out to sea are forced to stay inshore in bays, gathering together like floating villages. A small number of Tankas also live in parts of Vietnam. There they are called Dan and classified as a subgroup of the Ngái ethnicity.
  • 蛋民（蜑民、疍民。たんみん）とは華南の広東省、福建省、広西チワン族自治区、海南省、香港、澳門の沿岸地域や河川で生活する水上生活者である。中国では「疍家（蜑家、蛋家。たんか）」と称されることが多いが、いずれも蔑称と捉えられる場合があるので、政府機関からは「水上居民」もしくは「水上人」と呼ばれる。
  • De Danjia, ook wel Tanka, zijn een Han-Chinees volk dat op boten leeft. Ze woonden oorspronkelijk in Guangdong en Zuid-Fujian, maar het dialect dat ze spreken, het Danjiahua is een Kantonees dialect. Later hebben zij zich verspreid en wonen ze nu in de provincies Kanton, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan en in delen van Vietnam. Ze leven vooral van de visserij en wonen op boten of in dorpen met p'aang oks.
  • 疍家，（漢語拼音為dàn，粵音「但」daan6，客家話拼音tan4，潮州話dang3），亦作蜑家、蛋家、艇家、水上人、曲蹄、海越仔、游艇子、白水郎、蜑民等，是广东、廣西、福建、海南和浙江一帶一种以船为家的渔民。属于汉族，但不属于汉族中的广府民系或福州、闽南民系等，而是一支特有的、濒临消失的民系。由於常年生活在游船上，他們的腳同生活在陸地上的人略有差別，因此在福建閩东也被貶稱作“曲蹄”。廣東疍家人的母语为汉语粤方言疍家话，语音与粤语广州话很近似，但有一些獨有的词汇。福建疍民母语多為当地的闽语。
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  • 4. Kuóh-dà̤
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  • 1. 蜑家 2. 艇家 3. 水上人 4. 曲蹄
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  • Tanka people
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  • 1. daan6 gaa1 2. teng5 gaa1 3. seoi2 soeng6 jan4 4. kuk1 tai4
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  • 1. vermin families 2. boat households 3. people on water 4. crooked hoof
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  • Tanka dialect of Cantonese, other Spoken Chinese dialects
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  • 1. danjia 2. tingjia 3. shuishang ren
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  • The Boat people or Tankas is an ethnic group in China that has traditionally lived on junks in coastal parts of Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan, and Zhejiang provinces, as well as Hong Kong and Macau. Though many now live onshore, some members of the older generations still live on their narrow boats and pursue their traditional livelihood of fishing. Originally the Tankas were a non-Chinese ethnic group and were classified by the Qing government as "mean".
  • 蛋民（蜑民、疍民。たんみん）とは華南の広東省、福建省、広西チワン族自治区、海南省、香港、澳門の沿岸地域や河川で生活する水上生活者である。中国では「疍家（蜑家、蛋家。たんか）」と称されることが多いが、いずれも蔑称と捉えられる場合があるので、政府機関からは「水上居民」もしくは「水上人」と呼ばれる。
  • De Danjia, ook wel Tanka, zijn een Han-Chinees volk dat op boten leeft. Ze woonden oorspronkelijk in Guangdong en Zuid-Fujian, maar het dialect dat ze spreken, het Danjiahua is een Kantonees dialect. Later hebben zij zich verspreid en wonen ze nu in de provincies Kanton, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan en in delen van Vietnam. Ze leven vooral van de visserij en wonen op boten of in dorpen met p'aang oks.
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  • Tanka (ethnic group)
  • 蛋民
  • Danjia
  • 蜑家
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  • Tanka people
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